LI-RADS US Surveillance Version 2024 for Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Update to the American College of Radiology US LI-RADS.

In 2017, the American College of Radiology introduced the US Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) as a framework for US surveillance of patients at risk for developing hepatocellular carcinoma. This has aided in the standardization of technique, clinical reporting, patient management, data collection, and research. Emerging evidence has helped inform changes to the algorithm, now released as LI-RADS US Surveillance version 2024.

Performing liver imaging at a high level: quality and adequacy in LI-RADS.

Imaging is critical to HCC management, including surveillance, diagnosis, staging, and treatment response assessment, which requires it be performed consistently at a high level. The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) was developed to standardize the acquisition, interpretation, and reporting of liver imaging, but until now, has not addressed the essential component of exam quality and adequacy. In this manuscript, we discuss the concepts of quality and adequacy and their clinical significance in the setting of HCC diagnostic imaging and treatment response assessment.

Lessons learned: strategies for implementing and the ongoing use of LI-RADS in your practice.

The establishment of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) in 2011 provided a comprehensive approach to standardized imaging, interpretation, and reporting of liver observations in patients diagnosed with or at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Each set of algorithms provides criteria pertinent to the various components of HCC management including surveillance, diagnosis, staging, and treatment response supported by a detailed lexicon of terms applicable to a wide range of liver imaging scenarios. Before its widespread adoption, the variability in the terminology of diagnostic criteria and definitions of imaging features led to significant challenges in patient management and made it difficult to replicate findings or apply them consistently.

Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL), a more readily available and reliable lipid parameter, is unclear in its association with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Previous studies assessing the relationship between non-HDL and T2D risk remains inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate this association.

ECG changes following balloon pulmonary angioplasty in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a retrospective study.

Purpose: This research evaluates the effect of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) on cardiac electrophysiological changes in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

Methods: Involving a retrospective analysis of 39 CTEPH patients (average age 61 ± 11), who had at least two BPAs and paired ECGs pre- and post-surgery, we examined changes in ECG indicators of right ventricular hypertrophy and their correlation with hemodynamic results.

Results: BPA yielded marked improvements in cardiac function and hemodynamics.

The diagnostic value of [F]FAPI-42 PET/CT for pulmonary artery masses: comparison with [F]FDG PET/CT.

Objectives: To investigate the potential utility of [F]fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for evaluating pulmonary artery (PA) masses, and compare it with [F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT.

Methods: Participants with clinically suspected PA malignancy were prospectively enrolled and underwent dual-tracer PET/CT ([F]FAPI-42 and [F]FDG) imaging. Visual analysis and semi-quantitative parameters were compared between the two types of radiotracers.

Mechanisms of cordycepin in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats based on metabonomics and transcriptomics.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease featured by high morbidity and mortality. Although Cordycepin is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects, its role in PAH treatment and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The therapeutic effects of Cordycepin on rats with PAH were investigated using a monocrotaline (MCT)-induced rat model.

A better method to evaluate the reliability of echocardiography for assessment of pulmonary hypertension: comparison of tricuspid regurgitant spectrum quality grading and tricuspid valve regurgitation degree.

Background: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is recommended as the most important noninvasive screening tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PH), sonographers usually measure the volume of regurgitant flow rather than evaluating the spectral quality, so physicians will determine whether the ultrasound measurements of pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (US-PASP) are reliable based on the volume of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Therefore, for the first time, we grade the quality of TR spectrum (TRS) based on its integrity and clarity, aiming to assess clinical application value of different tricuspid regurgitant spectrum quality grades (TR-SQG), and investigate whether the accuracy of US-PASP is more trustworthy than TR.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 108 patients with chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH) to compare the correlation and agreement between US-PASP and right heart catheterization measurements of PASP (RHC-PASP).

Preliminary study on the short-term changes of pulmonary perfusion after a single balloon pulmonary angioplasty in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Background: Little is known about immediate responses of blood perfusion to the balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) procedure.

Objectives: To investigate the changes in pulmonary perfusion of balloon-dilated vessels and untreated vessels with before, immediately after a single BPA and at follow-up.

Design: Retrospective single-center cohort study.

Association of sleep disorders with asthma: a meta-analysis.

Background: Animal experiments and clinical trials have revealed a potential relationship between sleep disorders and asthma. However, the associations between these factors remain unclear.

Material And Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases for eligible studies published before 30 December 2022.

A Multicenter Assessment of Interreader Reliability of LI-RADS Version 2018 for MRI and CT.

Background Various limitations have impacted research evaluating reader agreement for Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS). Purpose To assess reader agreement of LI-RADS in an international multicenter multireader setting using scrollable images. Materials and Methods This retrospective study used deidentified clinical multiphase CT and MRI and reports with at least one untreated observation from six institutions and three countries; only qualifying examinations were submitted.

Percutaneous endovascular biopsy for the diagnosis of pulmonary artery masses: A preliminary study of single-center.

Percutaneous endovascular biopsy (PEB) including forceps biopsy and catheter aspiration has been used to make a pretreatment diagnosis for pulmonary artery (PA) masses. This retrospective study aims to describe the procedure of PEB and compare the diagnostic yield of forceps biopsy and catheter aspiration for a definite diagnosis in patients with PA masses. All consecutive 22 patients (53 ± 14 years), 11 males and 11 females, who underwent PEB for pathologic confirmation between November 2018 and November 2022 were enrolled.

Aetiological distribution of pulmonary hypertension and the value of transthoracic echocardiography screening in the respiratory department: A retrospective analysis from China.

Methods: The aetiological composition and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) hospitalised in the respiratory department were retrospectively analysed, as well as the correlation between transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and right heart catheterization (RHC) for evaluating pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP).

Results: Of 731 patients, 544 (74.42%) were diagnosed with PH by RHC.

Successful chemotherapy with continuous immunotherapy for primary pulmonary endovascular epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A case report.

Rationale: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare, low to moderate-grade malignancy, even less in pulmonary endovascular neoplasm. Patients with pulmonary EHE have no optimal treatment, resulting in poor prognoses.

Patient Concerns: We reported a 42-year-old man with multiple mild metabolic uptakes in pulmonary endovascular filling defect with a maximum standardized uptake value of 4.

Relationships between stable isotope natural abundances (δC and δN) and water use efficiency in rice under alternate wetting and drying irrigation in soils with high clay contents.

Natural abundance of the stable isotope (δC and δN) in plants is widely used to indicate water use efficiency (WUE). However, soil water and texture properties may affect this relationship, which remains largely elusive. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate δC as affected by different combinations of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) with varied soil clay contents in different organs and whole plant and assess the feasibility of using δC and δN as a physiological indicator of whole-plant water use efficiency (WUE).

Efficacy of computed tomography in diagnosing pulmonary hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study seeks to evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) in pulmonary hypertension.

Method: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched to obtain the relevant English literature, and the retrieval time until June 2022. The quality of the included studies is evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool.

Improving the imaging diagnostic strategy for pulmonary artery masses based on F-FDG PET/CT integrated with CTPA.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) for pulmonary artery (PA) masses.

Methods: Of 2889 patients with PA filling defects of PA on CTPA, 79 consecutive patients suspicious for PA malignancy who subsequently underwent F-FDG PET/CT were enrolled. All masses were diagnosed on the basis of pathological findings or clinical imaging follow-up.

Natural N abundance as an indicator of nitrogen utilization efficiency in rice under alternate wetting and drying irrigation in soils with high clay contents.

The N natural abundance is an effective indicator of nitrogen dynamics in plants. The impact of different irrigation regimes as a function of varied soil clay contents on stable nitrogen isotope abundance (δN) in rice remains unknown. Therefore, the response of δN and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) of rice to different combinations of alternate wetting and drying irrigation (AWD) and clay contents were investigated.

CXCL10 levels in diagnosis and improved hemodynamics in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension undergoing balloon pulmonary angioplasty.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a progressive pulmonary vascular disease characterized by pulmonary artery stenosis or obstructions resulting from insufficient thrombus resolution. Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) is a chemokine that contributes to the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases and cancers. The present study aims to investigate the levels of CXCL10 in patients with CTEPH throughout balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and its correlation with the improvement of pulmonary hemodynamics.