New Year's greeting and overview of in 2021.

Although the whole world has been suffering under the Coronavirus Disease 2019 epidemic, the () was able to productively direct our efforts in the field through 2020. This was only accomplished through the collective efforts and support of our Editorial Board members, peer reviewers, authors, readers and editorial office staff. In 2020, the published 12 issues encompassing 84 papers, a 115.

Isoflurane Increases Tolerance to Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Compared to Propofol: An Experimental Study in Pigs.

To compare two clinically relevant anesthetic agents, i.e., isoflurane versus propofol with respect to protection of the kidney in a porcine renal ischemia reperfusion model.

Telementoring in education of laparoscopic surgeons: An emerging technology.

Laparoscopy, minimally invasive and minimal access surgery with more surgeons performing these advanced procedures. We highlight in the review several key emerging technologies such as the telementoring and virtual reality simulators, that provide a solid ground for delivering surgical education to rural area and allow young surgeons a safety net and confidence while operating on a newly learned technique.

An evaluation framework for defining the contributions of telestration in surgical telementoring.

Background: An increasing quantity of research in the domain of telemedicine show a growing popularity and acceptance of care over distance systems among both clinicians and patients. We focus on telementoring solutions, developed for providing remote guidance to less experienced surgeons. Telestration is often regarded as an extra functionality of some telementoring systems.

Telemedical technologies in urological cancer care: past, present and future applications.

Since the initial development of telegraphy by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1837 and the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1875, doctors have been able to convey medical information across great distances. The exchange and sharing of medical information has evolved and adapted to suit the vast array of today's medicine. Early adopters of telemedicine within clinical practice have gained significant health economic benefits.

A giant heterogeneous abdominoscrotal mass: haemorrhagic hydrocele.

A hydrocele is a collection of fluid in the space surrounding the testicle between the layers of the tunica vaginalis. Occasionally the scrotal hydrocele may extend through the inguinal canal, deep inguinal ring, and into the abdomen as an abdominoscrotal hydrocele. Traditionally, abdominoscrotal hydrocele have been evaluated and diagnosed with US.

Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for metachronous contralateral adrenal metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: a case report.

Background: We report a case of metachronous solitary metastasis of renal cell carcinoma to the contralateral adrenal gland treated by laparoscopic transperitoneal adrenalectomy.

Case Presentation: A 58-year-old man presented to our institution for regular follow up, 2 years after a right radical nephrectomy with preservation of the ipsilateral adrenal gland, for a primary renal cell carcinoma. The patient remained asymptomatic but an abdominal computed tomography scan on follow up revealed a 6.

Transdermal oxybutynin: a review.

Overactive bladder is a common and disabling problem. The mainstay of pharmacological treatment is with oral anticholinergic drugs. Anticholinergic side effects are common and include dry mouth and constipation.