Nrf2 Regulates Basal Glutathione Production in Astrocytes.

Astrocytes produce and export glutathione (GSH), an important thiol antioxidant essential for protecting neural cells from oxidative stress and maintaining optimal brain health. While it has been established that oxidative stress increases GSH production in astrocytes, with Nrf2 acting as a critical transcription factor regulating key components of the GSH synthetic pathway, the role of Nrf2 in controlling constitutive GSH synthetic and release mechanisms remains incompletely investigated. Our data show that naïve primary mouse astrocytes cultured from the cerebral cortices of Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2) pups have significantly less intracellular and extracellular GSH levels when compared to astrocytes cultured from Nrf2 wild-type (Nrf2) pups.

Delayed return of bowel function after general surgery in South Australia.

Introduction: Reference ranges for determining pathological versus normal postoperative return of bowel function are not well characterised for general surgery patients. This study aimed to characterise time to first postoperative passage of stool after general surgery; determine associations between clinical factors and delayed time to first postoperative stool; and evaluate the association between delay to first postoperative stool and prolonged length of hospital stay.

Methods: This study included consecutive admissions at two tertiary hospitals across a two-year period whom underwent a range of general surgery operations.

Functional Deficits in Non-elite Soccer (Football) Players: A Strength, Balance, and Movement Quality Assessment After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) is the gold standard for treating ACL injuries, particularly in soccer players who are at a high risk of knee injury. While professional athletes often return to sport (RTS) within 7-10 months after ACLR, non-elite players experience significant delays. There is a need to investigate neuromuscular deficits and functional asymmetries in the non-elite group, which may persist even after clearance for RTS.

Development of PRC1 Inhibitors Employing Fragment-Based Approach and NMR-Guided Optimization.

Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) is associated with transcriptional silencing, and its dysregulation plays an important role in various cancers. Well-characterized PRC1 inhibitors can facilitate the exploration of PRC1 inhibition as therapeutic agents. By employing an NMR-based fragment screening approach, we have previously identified a very weak millimolar ligand , which directly binds to RING1B-BMI1.

Correction: Depressive symptoms, HIV-related stigma and ART adherence among caregivers of children in vulnerable households in rural southern Malawi.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

The Effects of a 12-Week Training Multicomponent Exercise Program on Landing Mechanics in Recreational Athletes.

Background/objectives: This study investigated the impacts of a 12-week training program on kinetic parameters during landings in non-professional recreational athletes.

Methods: Fifty-seven non-elite recreational athletes performed three unilateral-landing trials from a 30 cm high structure on a force platform. The following outcome measures were analyzed: the ground reaction forces at initial ground contact (PF1) and the highest value (PF2), impulse (change in the moment of force during landing), stabilization time, and ankle and knee accelerations.

Structure-Based Development of Novel Spiro-Piperidine ASH1L Inhibitors.

The absent, small, or homeotic-like 1 (ASH1L) protein is a histone lysine methyltransferase that plays a crucial role in various cancers, including leukemia. Despite representing an attractive therapeutic target, only one class of ASH1L inhibitors was identified to date. Herein, we report development of advanced ASH1L inhibitors targeting the catalytic SET domain, which were designed to access previously unexplored binding pocket on ASH1L.

The neutropenic diet and its impacts on clinical, nutritional, and lifestyle outcomes for people with cancer: a scoping review.

The neutropenic diet (ND) is often recommended to people with cancer to reduce infection risk despite recommendations of clinical guidelines advising against its use. While recent literature suggests the ND does not reduce infection risk, other outcomes related to health, nutrition, and lifestyle are unknown. The aim of this review is to systematically scope the literature on the ND in people with cancer for all outcomes related to clinical health, nutrition, and lifestyle.

Rapid modulation in music supports attention in listeners with attentional difficulties.

Background music is widely used to sustain attention, but little is known about what musical properties aid attention. This may be due to inter-individual variability in neural responses to music. Here we find that music with amplitude modulations added at specific rates can sustain attention differentially for those with varying levels of attentional difficulty.

Sexual dimorphism at different life stages: early life sexual differences in root growth in Silene latifolia.

Male and female dioecious plants often show sexual dimorphism, differing in morphological, physiological and life-history traits. Most previous studies have focused on differences between males and females during or after reproduction, paying little attention to the pre-reproductive stages of the individuals. Here we assessed the response of male and female individuals of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia to abiotic stress at different life stages, including pre-reproductive (i.

Countermovement jump and vertical hop demonstrate braking/deceleration and performance alterations after ACL reconstruction with BMA, DBM, and suture tape augmentation.

Objectives: This study evaluated countermovement jump and Single Leg Jump measures to identify landing measures that best distinguish a novel Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction technique using bone marrow aspirate, demineralized bone matrix, and suture tape augmentation patients from controls. The secondary objective assessed performance differences between operated and non-operated limbs post-reconstruction. The hypothesis was that novel Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction patients at return to sport would not differ from controls during landing and that the operated limb's performance would not differ from the unoperated limb.

Towards an environmental quality standard (EQS) for lithium in fresh water.

Lithium (Li), because of its widespread and increasing use in Li-ion batteries, is an element of vital importance to the energy transition away from fossil fuels and toward clean, renewable energy (green energy). Extraction and refining operations, as well as utilisation in a growing number of applications, are expanding and thus increasing the environmental releases of Li. In order to evaluate consequences of such releases, and to risk assess the accumulation of Li in aquatic ecosystems, environmental quality standards (EQS) are needed so that measured concentrations can be evaluated.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Augmentation With Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate, Demineralized Bone Matrix, and Suture Tape Shows No Difference in Outcomes-But Faster Functional Recovery-Versus Non-augmented Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Purpose: To compare outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), demineralized bone matrix (DBM), and suture tape augmentation (STA) versus ACLR without biological augmentation or STA.

Methods: We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial at a single institution to compare ACLR with BMAC, DBM, and STA (group A) versus ACLR without biological augmentation or STA (group NA). The study sought to include 100 patients.

Engagement and partnership with consumers and communities in the co-design and conduct of Research: Lessons from the INtravenous iron polymaltose for First Nations Australian patients with high FERRitin levels on haemodialysis (INFERR) clinical trial.

Background: Engagement and partnership with consumers and communities throughout research processes produces high quality research meeting community needs and promoting translation of research into improved policy and practice. Partnership is critical in research involving Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people (First Nations Peoples) to ensure cultural safety. We present lessons from the design, implementation and progress of the National Health and Medical Research Council funded INtravenous iron polymaltose for First Nations Australian patients with high FERRitin levels on hemodialysis (INFERR) clinical trial.

Meniscus-Related Videos on TikTok Are Widely Viewed and Shared but the Educational Quality for Patients Is Poor.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of meniscus-related TikTok videos to better understand their value for patient education.

Methods: The term "meniscus" was used as the key word for an extensive online search of video content on the TikTok on November 14, 2023. The first 100 videos were used for analysis.

The Use of Multiple Exemplar Instruction to Induce Emergent Listener Discriminations and Emergent Intraverbal Vocal Responses in Autistic Children.

This study tested for the emergence of listener discriminations and intraverbal vocal responses following tact training with four autistic children. All participants were trained to tact the name and the favorite food of two contrived cartoon monsters in the presence of a picture of the monster (e.g.

A pilot randomised control study to investigate the effect of the South African Adolescence Group Sleep Intervention (SAASI) on adolescent sleep and PTSD.

Trauma exposure prevalence and consequent post-traumatic stress disorder among South African adolescents are significant. Sleep disturbances are among the most frequently reported difficulties faced by those dealing with PTSD. The current study examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the South African Adolescence Group Sleep Intervention on PTSD symptom severity and sleep disturbance.

Cardiac resynchronization therapy in inotrope-dependent heart failure: a meta-analysis.

Aims: The viability of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in inotrope-dependent heart failure (HF) has been a matter of debate.

Methods And Results: We searched Medline, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library until 31 December 2022. Studies were included if (i) HF patients required inotropic support at CRT implantation; (ii) patients were ≥18 years old; and (iii) they provided a clear definition of 'inotrope dependence' or 'inability to wean'.

Organ-on-a-chip for studying immune cell adhesion to liver sinusoidal endothelial cells: the potential for testing immunotherapies and cell therapy trafficking.

Immunotherapy has changed the landscape of treatment options for patients with hepatocellular cancer. Checkpoint inhibitors are now standard of care for patients with advanced tumours, yet the majority remain resistant to this therapy and urgent approaches are needed to boost the efficacy of these agents. Targeting the liver endothelial cells, as the orchestrators of immune cell recruitment, within the tumour microenvironment of this highly vascular cancer could potentially boost immune cell infiltration.