Three-dimensional chromatin landscapes in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Differences in three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architecture can influence the integrity of topologically associating domains (TADs) and rewire specific enhancer-promoter interactions, impacting gene expression and leading to human disease. Here we investigate the 3D chromatin architecture in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) by using primary human leukemia specimens and examine the dynamic responses of this architecture to pharmacological agents. Systematic integration of matched in situ Hi-C, RNA-seq and CTCF ChIP-seq datasets revealed widespread differences in intra-TAD chromatin interactions and TAD boundary insulation in T-ALL.

MicroRNA Alterations for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Review and Computational Functional Survey.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic bone disease with a series of clinical symptoms. The use of screening biomarkers in OP management is therefore of clinical significance, especially in the era of precision medicine and intelligent healthcare. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs with the potential to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.

Rac1 activates non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway to induce chemoresistance of breast cancer.

Resistance development to one chemotherapeutic reagent leads frequently to acquired tolerance to other compounds, limiting the therapeutic options for cancer treatment. Herein, we find that overexpression of Rac1 is associated with multi-drug resistance to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Mechanistically, Rac1 activates aldolase A and ERK signaling which up-regulates glycolysis and especially the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP).

Inactivation of the Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 Sensitizes BRCA1-Proficient Breast Cancer to PARP Inhibition.

PARP inhibitor monotherapies are effective to treat patients with breast, ovary, prostate, and pancreatic cancer with BRCA1 mutations, but not to the much more frequent BRCA wild-type cancers. Searching for strategies that would extend the use of PARP inhibitors to BRCA1-proficient tumors, we found that the stability of BRCA1 protein following ionizing radiation (IR) is maintained by postphosphorylational prolyl-isomerization adjacent to Ser1191 of BRCA1, catalyzed by prolyl-isomerase Pin1. Extinction of Pin1 decreased homologous recombination (HR) to the level of BRCA1-deficient cells.

Characterization of the main immunogenic proteins in Brucella infection for their application in diagnosis of brucellosis.

Brucellosis is an important zoonotic bacterial disease widespread in the world. The key step of control this disease is accurate diagnosis and elimination of diseased animals. The classic diagnostic methods, such as tube agglutination test, are inaccurate and nonspecific, because of cross-reaction with Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:9.

The combination of PKM2 overexpression and M2 macrophages infiltration confers a poor prognosis for PDAC patients.

Macrophages play a critical role in the initiation and progression in various human solid tumors; however, their role and transformation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were still illusive. Here, immunohistochemistry was used to determine CD206 (specific marker of M2 macrophage) and PKM2 expression in PDAC tissues. Statistical analysis, such as Pearson χ test, Spearman's rank test, Kaplan-Meier and COX regression assay were used to evaluate their roles on PDAC prognosis.

Proteomic Analysis of Inflammatory Biomarkers Associated With Breast Cancer Recurrence.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer detected for women, and while our ability to treat breast cancer has improved substantially over the years, recurrence remains a major obstacle. Standard screening for new and recurrent breast cancer involves clinical breast imaging. However, there is no clinically approved noninvasive body fluid test for the early detection of recurrent breast cancer.

Efficient All-Optical Plasmonic Modulators with Atomically Thin Van Der Waals Heterostructures.

All-optical modulators are attracting significant attention due to their intrinsic perspective on high-speed, low-loss, and broadband performance, which are promising to replace their electrical counterparts for future information communication technology. However, high-power consumption and large footprint remain obstacles for the prevailing nonlinear optical methods due to the weak photon-photon interaction. Here, efficient all-optical mid-infrared plasmonic waveguide and free-space modulators in atomically thin graphene-MoS heterostructures based on the ultrafast and efficient doping of graphene with the photogenerated carrier in the monolayer MoS are reported.

The ability of an improved qSOFA score to predict acute sepsis severity and prognosis among adult patients.

This study analyzed independent risk factors that could improve the qSOFA scoring system among sepsis patients.This retrospective study evaluated 821 patients (2015-2016) who fulfilled the 2001 International Sepsis Definitions Conference diagnostic criteria. Patients were classified based on their survival outcomes after 28 days, and the predictive values of various predictive scores at admission were compared.

Self-assembly and lithium storage performance of a nanoscale polyoxometalate based on the {MnTa} cluster.

A nanosized Ta/W mixed addendum polyoxometalate (Cs12K3H7[MnTa18Si6W54O231]·61H2O) based on the unprecedented {MnTa18} cluster was fabricated successfully under hydrothermal conditions. An excellent electrochemical performance of this compound was found in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as an anode material. The discharge capacity was 829.

One-pot concomitant preparation of two copper(II) coordination polymers with different configurations of bridging bithiophene ligands.

By employing the conjugated bithiophene ligand 5,5'-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2,2'-bithiophene (bibp), which can exhibit trans and cis conformations, two different Cu coordination polymers, namely, poly[[μ-5,5'-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2,2'-bithiophene-κN:N'](μ-4,4'-oxydibenzoato-κO:O')copper(II)], [Cu(CHO)(CHNS)] or [Cu(bibp)(oba)], (I), and catena-poly[μ-aqua-bis[μ-5,5'-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-2,2'-bithiophene-κN:N']bis(μ-4,4'-oxydibenzoato)-κO:O':O'';κO:O',O'':O'-dicopper(II)], [Cu(CHO)(CHNS)(HO)] or [Cu(bibp)(oba)(HO)], (II), have been prepared through one-pot concomitant crystallization and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that the most interesting aspect of the structure is the existence of sole trans and cis conformations of the bibp ligand in a single net of (I) and (II), respectively. Compound (I) displays a threefold interpenetrating three-dimensional framework with a 4-connected {6.

Infection Regulates Thioredoxin-Interacting Protein Expression to Facilitate Intracellular Survival by Reducing the Production of Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species.

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is a multifunctional protein that functions in tumor suppression, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. However, how TXNIP functions during microbial infections is rarely reported. In this study, we demonstrate that infection decreased TXNIP expression to promote its intracellular growth in macrophages by decreasing the production of NO and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Polysaccharide Extends Lifespan via Mitigating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Silkworm, .

The traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharide (APS) has been widely used to improve glucose homeostasis and immunoregulator properties. In recent years, it has also been shown to extend the lifespan of ; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, our study shows that APS could significantly extend adult stage, mean, and maximum lifespan of the silkworm, and increase body weight without affecting food intake and fecundity.

gene encoding a C2H2 zinc finger protein is required for wing development in the silkworm .

Cys2-His2 zinc finger (C2H2-ZF) proteins represent the most common class of transcription factors. These factors have great potential for the management of developmental progression by regulating the specific spatiotemporal expression of genes. In this study, we cloned one C2H2-ZF protein gene of , , that is orthologous to (); we thus named it as ().

Epigenetic CRISPR Screen Identifies as an Immunotherapeutic Target in -Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Despite substantial progress in lung cancer immunotherapy, the overall response rate in patients with -mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains low. Combining standard immunotherapy with adjuvant approaches that enhance adaptive immune responses-such as epigenetic modulation of antitumor immunity-is therefore an attractive strategy. To identify epigenetic regulators of tumor immunity, we constructed an epigenetic-focused single guide RNA library and performed an CRISPR screen in a / LUAD model.

Nanoscale vacuum channel transistor with in-plane collection structure.

High quality nanoscale vacuum channel transistors (NVCTs) enable carriers to transport ballistically through the vacuum nanogap, achieving high speed and frequency characteristic which are essential for on-chip vacuum electronic devices. However, the studies to date have been largely confined to explore the common electrical performance, while the fast response characteristic of NVCTs remains a challenge. We report the fabrication of metal-based NVCT, with sub-100 nm vacuum channel and specific designed in-plane collection structure which can enhance the emission or collection efficiency of the electrons simultaneously.

Influence of IMU position and orientation placement errors on ground reaction force estimation.

Unlabelled: Wearable inertial measurement units (IMU) have been proposed to estimate GRF outside of specialized laboratories, however the precise influence of sensor placement error on accuracy is unknown. We investigated the influence of IMU position and orientation placement errors on GRF estimation accuracy.

Methods: Kinematic data from twelve healthy subjects based on marker trajectories were used to simulate 1848 combinations of sensor position placement errors (range ± 100 mm) and orientation placement errors (range ± 25°) across eight body segments (trunk, pelvis, left/right thighs, left/right shanks, and left/right feet) during normal walking trials for baseline cases when a single sensor was misplaced and for the extreme cases when all sensors were simultaneously misplaced.

Biomechanical Comparison of Locking Plate and Cancellous Screw Techniques in Medial Malleolar Fractures: A Finite Element Analysis.

As the commonly used fixation strategy of medial malleolar fractures, cancellous screws (CS) have been challenged for instability, bone destruction, and metal prominence. It is still unclear whether a locking compression plate (LCP) is a better choice in such fractures. Our purpose is to compare the mechanical efficacy of LCP with traditional 4.

Global dynamics of an SIRS model with demographics and transfer from infectious to susceptible on heterogeneous networks.

In this paper, by taking full consideration of demographics, transfer from infectious to sus-ceptible and contact heterogeneity of the individuals, we construct an improved Susceptible-Infected-Removed-Susceptible (SIRS) epidemic model on complex heterogeneous networks. Using the next generation matrix method, we obtain the basic reproduction number $\mathcal{R}_0$ which is a critical value and used to measure the dynamics of epidemic diseases. More specifically, if $\mathcal{R}_0$ < 1, then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable; if $\mathcal{R}_0$ > 1, then there exists a unique endemic equilib-rium and the permanence of the disease is shown in detail.

Comparative analysis of integument transcriptomes identifies genes that participate in marking pattern formation in three allelic mutants of silkworm, Bombyx mori.

The diversity markings and pigment patterns in insects are outcomes of adaptive evolution. The elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying variations in pigment patterns may improve our understanding of the origin and evolution of these spectacular diverse phenotypes. Melanin, ommochrome, and pteridine are the three main types of insect pigments, and the genes that directly participate in pigment biosynthesis have been extensively studied.

Quantification of surviving neurons after contusion, dislocation, and distraction spinal cord injuries using automated methods.

This study proposes and validates an automated method for counting neurons in spinal cord injury (SCI) and then uses it to examine and compare the surviving cells in common types of SCI mechanisms. Moderate contusion, dislocation, and distraction SCIs were surgically induced in Sprague Dawley male rats (n = 6 for each type of injury). Their spinal cords were harvested 8 weeks post injury with 5 normal weight-matched rats.

Walking Function After Cervical Contusion and Distraction Spinal Cord Injuries in Rats.

This study examines and compares the walking function in contusion and distraction spinal cord injury (SCI) mechanisms. Moderate contusion and distraction SCIs were surgically induced between C5 and C6 in Sprague-Dawley male rats. The CatWalk system was used to perform gait analysis of walkway walking.