Innovative approaches in lung tissue engineering: the role of exosome-loaded bioscaffolds in regenerative medicine.

Lung diseases account for over four million premature deaths every year, and experts predict that this number will increase in the future. The top cause of death globally is diseases which include conditions like lung cancer asthma and COPD. Treating severe acute lung injury is a complex task because lungs struggle to heal themselves in the presence of swelling inflammation and scarring caused by damage, to the lung tissues.

Isolation and characterization of thermotolerant hydrocarbon degrading bacteria which sustained the activity at extreme salinity and high osmotic conditions.

The bioremediation method is considered an economical and environmentally friendly strategy for the remediation of oil-contaminated soils. However, some oil field areas have extreme environmental conditions that make it difficult to establish microbes for bioreme-diation. In this study, bacteria were isolated from oil-contaminated soils of the Dehloran oil fields, which have very harsh soil and weather conditions.

Eleven years of experience with endoscopic and open surgery for craniosynostosis and risk factors for undesirable outcome.

Objective: This study reports the authors' experience with surgical interventions for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis. They assessed open surgery and minimally invasive endoscopic suturectomy in terms of periprocedural outcomes and related risk factors for postoperative complications and reoperation. This study aimed to provide insights toward surgical approach decisions and lay the groundwork for future prospective studies in this field.

Room-temperature synthesis of FeO@MOF-5 magnetic hybrid as an efficient catalyst for the one-pot green synthesis of tetrahydropyridines.

In recent two decades, considerable efforts have been devoted to the room-temperature green syntheses of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to reduce energy consumption and increase safety. It could improve some properties (e.g.

A new mesoporous Ce-Mn-LDH-based Co-MOF nano-composite for the green synthesis of tetrazoloquinazolines.

Tannic acid (TA), as a plant polyphenol, has many active sites for chelation with metals, so TA-oligomers (TA-Olig) were used for the first time as ligands on the surface of Ce-Mn-LDH to prepare the layered double hydroxide-based metal-organic framework (Ce-Mn-LDH@CPTMS@TA-Olig@Co-MOF = E) nanocomposite. In this regard, a homogeneous water/ethanol solution was prepared by sol-gel method using polyethylene glycol and ammonia solution, and then TA was converted into a set of oligomers in the presence of formaldehyde. In the next step, Ce-Mn-LDH was prepared in a ratio of 1 : 4 of Ce to Mn, modified with 3-chloropropylmethoxysilane, functionalized by TA-Olig, and then cobalt salt was used to prepare E.

A "signal-on" photoelectrochemical sensor based on hierarchical titanium dioxide nanowires/microflowers decorated graphite-like carbon nitride quantum dots for glutathione detection.

Glutathione (GSH) is a bioactive tripeptide with important physiological functions in animals, plants, and microorganisms. GSH participates in various biochemical reactions in vivo and is known for its antioxidant, anti-allergy, and detoxification properties. This study introduces an innovative photoelectrochemical (PEC) method for GSH detection, leveraging a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode enhanced by TiO nanoflowers and graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g-CNQDs).

Yellow fever vaccination and the thymus in adults with congenital heart disease.

Aim: To highlight the potential lack of documentation of thymectomy on historic cardiac operation notes and how this impacts the safety of the yellow fever vaccination for patients who have had congenital heart surgery in childhood.

Background: With advances in treatment, the population of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is ever growing. Consequently, increasing numbers of patients wish to travel and work abroad.

Designing and implementation of a mobile application for teaching population oral health needs assessment for dental students; a non-randomized trial.

Objective: This study investigates the effectiveness of a newly developed smartphone-based application for teaching population oral health needs assessment to undergraduate dental students.

Methods: Target population in this study consisted of all students of Shahid Beheshti School of dentistry in the 7 and 8 semesters in the year 2023. The intervention group (7 semester) received teaching about population oral health needs assessment based on the book "Oral health surveys; basic methods", by means of an application, while the control group (8 semester) received the same content through self-learning activity.

Advancing mitochondrial therapeutics: Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of pyrazole-based inhibitors targeting the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier.

Inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate transport via the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) has shown beneficial effects in treating metabolic diseases, certain cancers, various forms of neurodegeneration, and hair loss. These benefits arise either from the direct inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate metabolism or from the metabolic rewiring when pyruvate entry is inhibited. However, current MPC inhibitors are either nonspecific or possess poor pharmacokinetic properties.

Low-versus high-dose aspirin for venous thromboembolic prophylaxis after total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The adverse effects of aspirin are dose-dependent, and there is controversy surrounding the use of low-dose (LD) aspirin to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA). This meta-analysis sought to compare the efficacy and complication rate of low-dose (162 mg per day) versus high-dose (HD, 650 mg per day) aspirin after TJA surgery.

Methods: In four main databases, we searched from inception until September 2024 for articles comparing the rate of VTE following TJA(TKA/THA) using only aspirin chemoprophylaxis with different dosages.

Immobilization of lipase on metal-organic frameworks and investigation of their catalytic properties and stability.

Surface adsorption is a convenient and readily available method for immobilizing enzymes on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Metal-organic framework-5 (MOF-5), isoreticular metal-organic frameworks-3 (IRMOF-3), and multivariate analysis of MOF-5/IRMOF-3 (MMI) with a half-amino group (-NH) were prepared in this study. lipase (TLL) was chosen as a commercially available enzyme for immobilization on the surfaces of these MOFs.

Comprehensive copy number analysis of spinal muscular atrophy among the Iranian population.

Copy number variations in the SMN1 gene on chromosome 5 are the primary cause of Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) disease, characterized by muscle weakness and degeneration due to impaired alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord. To obtain a comprehensive molecular understanding of the SMA, including carriers, silent carriers, and patients in the Iranian population, we analyzed data from 5224 individuals referred to Kariminejad - Najmabadi Pathology & Genetics Center, Tehran, Iran, between 2006 and 2023 using MLPA and quantitative RT-PCR methods. The carrier frequency of SMA was estimated to be 5.

Investigation on the Effect of Persian Gum and Transglutaminase Enzyme on Some Physicochemical and Microstructural Characteristics of Low-Fat Ultrafiltrated Iranian White Cheese.

This study aimed to assess the effect of Persian gum (PG) and microbial transglutaminase enzyme (MTGase) on some physicochemical and microstructural characteristics of low-fat ultrafiltrated Iranian white cheese during 60 days of cold storage. To manufacture the low-fat cheese samples, PG (0%, 0.25%, and 0.

Familial resemblance in dietary intake among singletons, twins, and spouses: a meta-analysis of family-based observations.

Background: Familial dietary intake can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors; the current study aimed to examine the role of these two factors on dietary intake by investigating the resemblance in energy, nutrient, and food group intake among spouses and siblings in twin and family-based studies.

Methods: The online literature databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched up to September 2024. The pooled correlation coefficient (r) of studies was calculated using Fisher's z and standard error (SE) of z's of all studies and our final results were reported in six groups including non-twin siblings, monozygotic (MZ) twins, dizygotic (DZ) twins, all-twins, all siblings, and spouse.

Dabrafenib plus trametinib in low-grade versus high-grade gliomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dabrafenib plus trametinib is a novel targeted therapy for low-grade (LGG) and high-grade (HGG) gliomas. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dabrafenib plus trametinib in LGG and HGG gliomas.

Methods: The electronic databases of PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to 5 September 2024.

Tunable motile sperm separation based on sperm persistence in migrating through shear barriers.

Rheotaxis is one of the major migratory mechanisms used in autonomous swimmers such as sperms and bacteria. Here, we present a microfluidic chip using joint rheotaxis and boundary-following behavior that selects sperms based on the motility and persistence. The proposed device consists of a channel decorated with diamond-shaped pillars that create spots of increased velocity field and shear rate.

A Readmission Risk Assessment Tool Is Not Predictive of 90-Day Readmission After Total Joint Arthroplasty at an Urban Tertiary Referral Hospital.

Introduction: Readmission within 90 days of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) via an emergency department (ED) encounter represents a significant economic burden to the healthcare system. We aimed to determine the utility of a previously described readmission risk assessment tool (RRAT) in predicting readmission after presentation to the ED within 90 days of primary TJA.

Methods: At a single academic tertiary referral medical center, a retrospective chart review was used to collect demographic data, surgery type, medical history, reason for presentation in the ED, and ED disposition for the 1,576 patients who underwent TJA between April 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018.