Pharmacokinetic exposure and treatment outcomes of lenvatinib in patients with renal cell carcinoma and differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: After initial approval of lenvatinib for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), it has also shown promising outcomes in among others metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Given that trial populations typically do not represent routine clinical care populations, questions arise about how applicable trial outcomes are in clinical practice. This study aims to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK), toxicity patterns, and survival data of lenvatinib in a real-world cohort with DTC and mRCC to those observed in pivotal clinical trials.

Brain radiotherapy and dorsal vagal complex irradiation: A new organ at risk to decrease radiation-induced nausea and vomiting?

Purpose: Nausea is a common symptom in patients irradiated for benign brain tumors. The dorsal vagal complex (DVC) located in the brainstem (BS) has been identified as the center of nausea and vomiting. The objective of our study was to determine an association between mean dose to the DVC and nausea.

Genotypic Influences on Actuators of Aerobic Performance in Tactical Athletes.

Background: This study examines genetic variations in the systemic oxygen transport cascade during exhaustive exercise in physically trained tactical athletes. Research goal: To update the information on the distribution of influence of eleven polymorphisms in ten genes, namely ACE (rs1799752), AGT (rs699), MCT1 (rs1049434), HIF1A (rs11549465), COMT (rs4680), CKM (rs8111989), TNC (rs2104772), PTK2 (rs7460 and rs7843014), ACTN3 (rs1815739), and MSTN (rs1805086)-on the connected steps of oxygen transport during aerobic muscle work.

Methods: 251 young, healthy tactical athletes (including 12 females) with a systematic physical training history underwent exercise tests, including standardized endurance running with a 12.

Enhanced myocardial perfusion in late gestation fetal lambs with impaired left ventricular inflow.

Robust preclinical models of asymmetric ventricular loading in late gestation reflecting conditions such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome are lacking. We characterized the morphometry and microvascular function of the hypoplastic left ventricle (LV) and remaining right ventricle (RV) in a sham-controlled late gestation fetal lamb model of impaired left ventricular inflow (ILVI). Singleton fetuses were instrumented at ∼120 days gestational age (dGA; term is ∼147 days) with vascular catheters, an aortic flow probe and a deflated left atrial balloon.

Disentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.

Role of the HGF/c-MET pathway in resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Most of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients will experience tumor progression with immunotherapy (IO). Preliminary data suggested an association between high plasma HGF levels and poor response to IO in advanced NSCLC. Our study aimed to evaluate further the role of the HGF/MET pathway in resistance to IO in advanced NSCLC.

AGMA-PESS: a deep learning-based infant pose estimator and sequence selector software for general movement assessment.

The General Movement Assessment (GMA) is a validated evaluation of brain maturation essential to shaping early individual developmental trajectories of preterm infants. To ensure a reliable GMA, preterm infants should be recorded for 30 to 60 min before manually selecting at least three sequences with general movements. This time-consuming task of manually selecting short video sequences from lengthy recordings impedes its implementation within the Neonatal Unit.

A new type III effector from Bradyrhizobium sp. DOA9 encoding a putative SUMO-protease blocks nodulation in Arachis hypogaea L.

Effector proteins secreted via the type III secretion system (T3SS) of nitrogen-fixing rhizobia are key determinants of symbiotic compatibility in legumes. Previous report revealed that the T3SS of Bradyrhizobium sp. DOA9 plays negative effects on Arachis hypogaea symbiosis.

Molecular Xenomonitoring (MX) allows real-time surveillance of West Nile and Usutu virus in mosquito populations.

West Nile Virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) circulate through complex cryptic transmission cycles involving mosquitoes as vectors, birds as amplifying hosts and several mammal species as dead-end hosts. Both viruses can be transmitted to humans through mosquito bites, which can lead to neuroinvasive and potentially fatal disease. Notably, WNV can also be transmitted through blood donations and organ transplants.

Supracricoid Partial Laryngectomy Versus Radiation Therapy for cT3N0M0 Glottic SCC: Outcomes in Candidates for Total Laryngectomy Responding Well to Induction Chemotherapy.

Objective: To evaluate whether supracricoid partial laryngectomy (SCPL) may be a viable alternative to radiation therapy (RT) for patients with glottic cT3N0M0 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who are surgical candidates for total laryngectomy (TL) and respond well to platinum-based induction chemotherapy.

Methods: Retrospective case series review of 18 consecutive patients with cT3N0M0 glottic SCC, initially considered surgical candidates only for TL who showed a good response to platinum-based induction chemotherapy, managed at a French university teaching institution with either SCPL (n = 9) or RT (n = 9). The main endpoints were 10-year local control and laryngeal preservation.

Highly sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method for the multiplex analysis of levosimendan and its metabolites OR-1855 and OR-1896 in human plasma.

Levosimendan is a positive inotrope and vasodilator used in patients with acute and chronic decompensated heart failure. It is metabolized into OR-1855 (inactive metabolite), which is further acetylated into OR-1896 (active metabolite having a prolonged half-life, hence a sustained effect). Levosimendan represents a valuable alternative to traditional inotropes with broad clinical applications in critically ill patients with cardiogenic shock, advanced heart failure and post-cardiac surgery.

Prediction of the need of enteral nutrition during radiation therapy for head and neck cancers.

Introduction: Patients with a head and neck (HN) cancer undergoing radiotherapy risk critical weight loss and oral intake reduction leading to enteral nutrition. We developed a predictive model for the need for enteral nutrition during radiotherapy in this setting. Its performances were reported on a real-world multicentric cohort.

Dynamic conditioning of porcine kidney grafts with extracellular vesicles derived from urine progenitor cells: A proof-of-concept study.

 : Among strategies to limit ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injuries in transplantation, cell therapy using stem cells to condition/repair transplanted organs appears promising. We hypothesized that using a cell therapy based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from urine progenitor cells (UPCs) during hypothermic and normothermic machine perfusion can prevent IR-related kidney damage. We isolated and characterized porcine UPCs and their extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Malnutrition and radiation therapy in head and neck cancers, a systematic review on reported definitions and associated factors.

Radiation therapy is a major treatment in head and neck cancers that can induce mucositis, pain, and dysgeusia that could impair oral intake and lead to weight loss and malnutrition. Intensity modulation has diminished toxicity of radiation therapy. We performed a review to assess the rate of malnutrition and how malnutrition was defined across cohorts of patients undergoing modern curative radiation therapy.

Adenosine Uptake through the Nucleoside Transporter ENT1 Suppresses Antitumor Immunity and T Cell Pyrimidine Synthesis.

Immunosuppression by adenosine is an important cancer immune checkpoint. Extracellular adenosine signals through specific receptors and can be transported across the cell membrane through nucleoside transporters. While adenosine receptors are well-known to regulate tumor immunity, the impact of adenosine transporters remains unexplored.

Advancing yeast cell analysis: A cryomethod for serial block-face scanning electron microscopy imaging in mitochondrial morphology studies.

Background Information: Conventional Transmission Electron Microscopy analysis of biological samples often provides limited insights due to its inherent two-dimensional (2D) nature. This limitation hampers a comprehensive understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) complexity of cellular structures, occasionally leading to misinterpretations. Serial block-face scanning electron microscopy emerges as a powerful method for acquiring high-resolution 3D images of cellular volumes.

Glutamine: A key player in human metabolism as revealed by hyperpolarized magnetic resonance.

In recent years, there has been remarkable progress in the field of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (D-DNP). This method has shown significant potential for enhancing nuclear polarization by over 10,000 times, resulting in a substantial increase in sensitivity. The unprecedented signal enhancements achieved with D-DNP have opened new possibilities for in vitro analysis.

Horizontal transfers between fungal Fusarium species contributed to successive outbreaks of coffee wilt disease.

Outbreaks of fungal diseases have devastated plants and animals throughout history. Over the past century, the repeated emergence of coffee wilt disease caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium xylarioides severely impacted coffee production across sub-Saharan Africa. To improve the disease management of such pathogens, it is crucial to understand their genetic structure and evolutionary potential.

Simultaneous Observation of the Anomerization and Reaction Rates of Enzymatic Dehydrogenation of Glucose-6-Phosphate by Dissolution DNP.

The hyperpolarization of biological samples using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) has become an attractive method for the monitoring of fast chemical and enzymatic reactions using NMR by taking advantage of a large signal increase. This approach is actively developing but still needs key methodological breakthroughs to be used as an analytical method for the monitoring of complex networks of simultaneous metabolic pathways. In this article, we use the deceptively simple example of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) oxidation reaction by the enzyme G6P dehydrogenase (G6PDH) to discuss some important methodological aspects of dDNP kinetic experiments, such as its robustness and its ability to provide repeatable results as well as the capacity of this time-resolved methodology to test kinetic models and hypotheses and to provide reliable parameter estimates.

Different metabolite profiles across Penicillium roqueforti populations associated with ecological niche specialisation and domestication.

Fungi are known to produce many chemically diversified metabolites, yet their ecological roles are not always fully understood. The blue cheese fungus Penicillium roqueforti thrives in different ecological niches and is known to produce a wide range of metabolites, including mycotoxins. Three P.

Infants' Social Evaluation of Helpers and Hinderers: A Large-Scale, Multi-Lab, Coordinated Replication Study.

Evaluating whether someone's behavior is praiseworthy or blameworthy is a fundamental human trait. A seminal study by Hamlin and colleagues in 2007 suggested that the ability to form social evaluations based on third-party interactions emerges within the first year of life: infants preferred a character who helped, over hindered, another who tried but failed to climb a hill. This sparked a new line of inquiry into the origins of social evaluations; however, replication attempts have yielded mixed results.

Liposomes loaded with daunorubicin and an emetine prodrug for improved selective cytotoxicity towards acute myeloid leukaemia cells.

The backbone of induction therapy in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is to use an anthracycline in combination with cytarabine. Despite recent advances in AML therapy, this treatment remains the standard, and it has been largely unchanged for decades. There are few curative options for patients unfit for this treatment.

Clinical Best Practices for Radiation Safety During an Alpha DaRT Treatment.

Alpha DaRT is a new alpha radiation treatment for treating solid tumors and is currently being evaluated through clinical trials worldwide. Being a novel radiation treatment, it is important to discuss the safety considerations and procedures that are needed to ensure safe use of this unique approach. The objective of this article is to provide a set of recommendations-radiation safety best practices that were developed based on operational and clinical experience.