Changes in Youth Mental Health Following a School Lockdown due to Violent and Firearm-Related Threats.

Background: School shooting events and lockdowns have increased in the United States, raising concerns about their impact on youth mental health.

Method: This study assessed the association between school lockdowns and changes in youth mental health in 10,049 children who participated in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. The exposure was school lockdowns related to violence and shooting incidents, and the outcomes were Child Behavior Checklist scores on five mental health disorders.

Protest-related injuries during the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone protest in Seattle, Washington, USA in 2020.

Introduction: George Floyd's death in 2020 galvanised large protests around the country, including the emergence of the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone (CHAZ) in Seattle, Washington, a non-policed, organised protest region that may have differing injury risks than other regions. We sought to quantitatively describe characteristics of injuries related to protests documented at visits to two nearby major emergency departments, including the only Level 1 trauma centre in the state.

Methods: Using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code inclusion criteria, we identified 1938 unique patient visits across the two emergency departments from 29 May 2020 and 1 July 2020.

Understanding factors influencing exercise program adherence for youth with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS).

Background: A significant portion of youth sustain a concussion every year, with around 30% experiencing persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS). Research has shown exercising just below the exertion level that provokes symptoms can lead to more rapid recovery. However, youth often struggle to adhere to exercise recommendations following concussion.

Exploring interaction effects of social determinants of health with hospital admission type on academic performance: a data linkage study.

Objective: To investigate the moderating effects of socio-demographic social determinants of health (SDH) in the relationship between types of childhood hospitalisation (ie, none, injury, non-injury, injury+non-injury) and academic performance.

Design, Setting And Patients: Children residing in Wales 2009-2016 (N=369 310). Secure Anonymised Information Linkage databank linked Tagged Electronic Cohort Cymru (five data sources) from the Wales Electronic Cohort for Children.

Preinjury and Event-Related Characteristics of Pediatric Firearm Injuries: The American College of Surgeons Firearm Study, United States, March 2021‒February 2022.

To assess differences in contextual factors by intent among pediatric firearm injury patients and determine factors associated with data missingness. We retrospectively queried the American College of Surgeons Firearm Study database (March 1, 2021-February 28, 2022) for patients aged 18 years or younger. We stratified preinjury, firearm-related, and event-related factors by intent and compared them by using Fisher exact, χ, or 1-way analysis of variance testing.

School District Leader Perspectives on Surveying Middle School Youth About Sexual Violence.

Background: Schools are important contexts for preventing sexual violence (SV) among adolescents. Evaluating whether programming is effective requires surveying youth about SV experiences. However, school communities often have concerns about asking students, particularly those in middle school, about these experiences.

Shared Decision-Making About Returning to Sport After Recovery From Pediatric Concussion: Clinician Perspectives.

Objective: Describe how sports medicine clinicians support decision making about sport participation after concussion recovery with adolescent patients and their parents. Specific areas of inquiry related to how clinicians framed the decision, what factors they considered in how they approached the decision process, and how they navigated discordance within families.

Design: Qualitative study.

Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based Family-Centered Decision Support Tool About Firearm Storage.

Background: Many youth in the USA have access to a loaded and unlocked firearm in their home. Discussions between adult family members have the potential to positively influence firearm storage.

Purpose: Work with firearm-owning parents to develop and obtain preliminary data about the efficacy of a family-centered decision support tool about firearm storage.

Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Severity and Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes: Single-Center Retrospective Cohort, 2011-2017.

Objectives: To determine factors associated with health-related quality of life (HRQL) decline among pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) survivors.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic children's hospital.

Use of artificial intelligence and the future of peer review.

Conducting high-quality peer review of scientific manuscripts has become increasingly challenging. The substantial increase in the number of manuscripts, lack of a sufficient number of peer-reviewers, and questions related to effectiveness, fairness, and efficiency, require a different approach. Large-language models, 1 form of artificial intelligence (AI), have emerged as a new approach to help resolve many of the issues facing contemporary medicine and science.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Among US Youth.

Importance: Mortality rates in US youth have increased in recent years. An understanding of the role of racial and ethnic disparities in these increases is lacking.

Objective: To compare all-cause and cause-specific mortality trends and rates among youth with Hispanic ethnicity and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander, Black, and White race.

Characteristics of firearm injury by injury intent: The need for tailored interventions.

Introduction: While the United States has high quality data on firearm-related deaths, less information is available on those who arrive at trauma centers alive, especially those discharged from the emergency department. This study sought to describe characteristics of patients arriving to trauma centers alive following a firearm injury, postulating that significant differences in firearm injury intent might provide insights into injury prevention strategies.

Methods: This was a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients treated for firearm-related injuries at 128 US trauma centers from March 2021 to February 2022.

Improving post-concussion discharge education for families seeking emergency department care: intervention development.

Background: Pediatric emergency departments (ED) are where many families receive post-concussion medical care and thus an important context for helping parents build skills to support their child after discharge.

Objective: Develop a strategy for increasing parent provision of emotional and instrumental support to their child after discharge and conduct a pilot test of this strategy's acceptability.

Methods: In a large pediatric ED in the United States, we partnered with parents ( = 15) and clinicians ( = 15) to understand needs and constraints related to discharge education and to operationalize a strategy to feasibly address these needs.