Effects of repeated intravenous esketamine administration on affective biases.

Objectives: While neuropsychological effects of conventional antidepressants are well-documented, more research is needed for rapid-acting antidepressants. This study examines the effects of esketamine on emotion processing and cognitive functioning, both acutely and sub-chronically.

Methods: Eighteen treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients received repeated intravenous esketamine infusions.

A journey towards a trauma informed and responsive Justice system: the perspectives and experiences of senior Justice workers.

There is a risk of re-traumatisation for survivors of trauma who engage with the Justice system, given their high propensity to encounter situations that trigger traumatic responses. While a growing body of research has explored the experience of trauma informed practice (TIP) from service user perspectives, little research has incorporated the views and experiences of practitioners working in the Justice system in terms of the implementation of TIP in their service setting. An exploratory, qualitative research design based on semi-structured, in-depth interviews.

Using a Social Network Approach to Characterize Oral Health Behavior Social Support Among Mexican-Origin Young Adults.

Using a social network approach, we characterize who Mexican-origin young adults perceive as social support sources for oral health behaviors and provide additional validity evidence for Oral Health Behavior Social Support Scales (OHBSS). From April to September 2022, we gathered social network data from 62 Mexican-origin adults (21-40 years old) through Zoom interviews about their perceived received social support for three oral health behaviors (toothbrushing, flossing, and obtaining dental care) from three potential sources of support (family, health providers, and others/friends). Overall, we found similar results across all three oral health behaviors.

Group and Spend: An Evaluation of Perioperative Group and Save Practices in Traumatic Forearm, Wrist, Hand, Foot and Ankle Fracture Fixations and Their Associated Costs.

Background Fractures of the peripheral limbs make up a significant proportion of the caseload seen by an Orthopaedic Department. Some of these fractures will require surgical intervention and typically undergo open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Current guidance states that patients undergoing such procedures do not require group and save testing prior to theatre.

Control and Elimination of Hepatitis C Virus Among People With HIV in Australia: Extended Follow-up of the CEASE Cohort (2014-2023).

Background: Approximately 10% of people with HIV in Australia had active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prior to availability of government-subsidized direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in 2016. This analysis evaluated progress toward HCV elimination among people with HIV in Australia between 2014 and 2023.

Methods: The CEASE cohort study enrolled adults with HIV with past or current HCV infection (anti-HCV antibody positive) from 14 primary and tertiary clinics.

Psychosocial Determinants of Poor Dental Attendance Among Young Mexican-Identifying Adults in California.

Objective: Engagement in preventive dental care is a complex health behaviour and is determined by multiple factors. The study aimed to understand the association of psychosocial determinants with poor dental attendance.

Methods: Survey data from 333 Mexican-identifying adults in California aged 21-40-year were analysed.

Improved gene editing and fluorescent-protein tagging in using a Golden Gate-based CRISPR-Cas9 plasmid system.

CRISPR-Cas9 systems can be used for precise genome editing in filamentous fungi, including . However, current CRISPR-Cas9 systems for rely on relatively complex or multi-step cloning methods to build a plasmid expressing both Cas9 and an sgRNA targeting a genomic locus. In this study we improve on existing plasmid-based CRISPR-Cas9 systems for by creating an extremely simple-to-use CRISPR-Cas9 system for genome editing.

Age-related clonal hematopoiesis and HIV infection are associated with geriatric outcomes: The ARCHIVE study.

While HIV infection and clonal hematopoiesis (CH) have been linked with inflammatory dysregulation and an increased risk of aging-related comorbidities, their relationship with clinical geriatric syndromes has not been well defined. In the Age-related Clonal Haematopoiesis in an HIV Evaluation Cohort (ARCHIVE) study (NCT04641013), we measure associations between HIV and CH and geriatric syndromes. Of 345 participants (176 with HIV and 169 without HIV), 23% had at least one mutation associated with CH: 27% with HIV and 18% without HIV (p = 0.

Self-efficacy, Knowledge and Outcomes Expectations Foot Self-care among Diabetic Patients with High-Risk Feet in Jordan.

Background: Patients with high-risk feet and diabetes are prone to develop diabetes-related foot ulcers (DFUs). To prevent DFUs and their costs and impacts on diabetes mellitus (DM) patients' productivity and quality of life, patients' foot self-care (FSC) practices are essential to screen for DFUs. Our study aimed to assess the self-efficacy and outcome expectations about FSC and evaluate the knowledge about DFUs among patients with DM in Jordan.

Hyperhomocysteinemia Causing Vascular Occlusion and Complicated by Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Gastrointestinal Bleed.

Homocysteine, an intermediate amino acid, is involved in methionine metabolism, which is crucial for various physiological pathways, including protein synthesis and DNA methylation. Elevated levels of homocysteine have been implicated as both a modifiable and unmodifiable risk factor in cardiovascular disease, influencing atherosclerotic disease formation and hypercoagulability. Mechanisms linking elevated homocysteine levels to vascular occlusion involve endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and enhanced thrombotic potential.

Adults With Intellectual Disabilities and Incontinence: Assessment and Toileting Issues.

Background: Urinary and bowel incontinence are more common in adults with intellectual disability (ID), compared to the general population. Little is known about their incontinence experiences and toileting issues. The aim was to learn about their experiences and toileting issues.

Aeroponic approach for nondestructive root exudate collection and simulation of variable water stress trialed on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum).

Analyzing root exudates during drought poses a serious challenge; sampling root exudates in soil is destructive to roots and leads to biased molecular analysis, along with microbial decomposition and exudate sorption to soil components. Hydroponic approaches are useful to overcome these problems but lack the utility to induce drought. Nondestructive sampling techniques are thus needed to analyze root exudates from the same plants over time in combination with highly controlled variable water/nutrient stress.

Chronotypical influence on eating behaviour and appetite control.

A person's chronotype reflects individual variability in diurnal rhythms for preferred timing of sleep and daily activities such as exercise and food intake. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the evidence around the influence of chronotype on eating behaviour and appetite control, as well as our perspectives and suggestions for future research. Increasing evidence demonstrates that late chronotype is associated with adverse health outcomes.

ATLAS: a large array, on-chip compute SPAD camera for multispeckle diffuse correlation spectroscopy.

We present ATLAS, a 512 × 512 single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array with embedded autocorrelation computation, implemented in 3D-stacked CMOS technology, suitable for single-photon correlation spectroscopy applications, including diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS). The shared per-macropixel SRAM architecture provides a 128 × 128 macropixel resolution, with parallel autocorrelation computation, with a minimum autocorrelation lag-time of 1 µs. We demonstrate the direct, on-chip computation of the autocorrelation function of the sensor, and its capability to resolve changes in decorrelation times typical of body tissue in real time, at long source-detector separations similar to those achieved by the current leading optical modalities for cerebral blood flow monitoring.

A framework for N-of-1 trials of individualized gene-targeted therapies for genetic diseases.

Individualized genetic therapies-medicines that precisely target a genetic variant that may only be found in a small number of individuals, as few as only one-offer promise for addressing unmet needs in genetic disease, but present unique challenges for trial design. By nature these new individualized medicines require testing in individualized N-of-1 trials. Here, we provide a framework for maintaining scientific rigor in N-of-1 trials.

Urinary Tract Infections Amongst Adults With Intellectual Disabilities With Urinary Incontinence.

Background: Between 26% and 52% of adults with intellectual disability experience urinary incontinence (UI). Little is known about the implications of urinary tract infections (UTIs) for this group. The aim was to screen for UTIs in a sample of adults with intellectual disability and UI.

A novel, double Limberg flap repair for recurrent pilonidal sinus disease.

Pilonidal sinuses are chronic inflammation and/or infection of the intergluteal region. Recurrent disease is common and is a source of significant morbidity for affected patients. We present a case of an eighteen-year-old male with extensive recurrent pilonidal disease.

The changing landscape of antimicrobial resistance and use in South Africa: The need for access to new antibiotics: A position paper.

Antibiotic resistance is a global threat, with a disproportionate burden of mortality in low- and middle-income countries. It is increasing in both the public and private healthcare sectors within South Africa, especially in Gram-negative organisms, and is associated with increased use of World Health Organization watch and reserve antibiotics. There is a need for improved access to new antibiotics to treat infections caused by drug-resistant organisms in order to limit side-effects and improve patient outcomes of currently available antibiotics.

A dedicated wound care module for third-year baccalaureate nurses: does it increase their knowledge and confidence?

Objective: Wound care is an important component of nursing care, consuming a significant amount of working hours. Literature reports the existence of many barriers to evidence-based wound care and that nursing students have an increasing need for education in this field. While blended learning activities have shown some benefits in learning outcomes, dedicated wound care modules within baccalaureate nursing courses occur infrequently.

Resuming work roles after injury in a low-income context: Multiple factors influencing the return to work outcomes.

Background: Return to work (RTW) is an important outcome indicator for the effectiveness of rehabilitation services, and the functional status and overall recovery among individuals who have experienced injury. Despite the rising incidence of traumatic injury among economically productive citizens in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of evidence about the RTW status of injury survivors. This study examined factors associated with RTW success and determinants of time to RTW after injury in Ethiopia.

Perforated Jejunal Diverticulum Mimicking Diverticulitis: A Case Report of Acute Abdominal Pain in an Elderly Patient.

Jejunal diverticulosis is a rare form of diverticulosis characterized by acquired pseudodiverticula in the small bowel. Although most cases are asymptomatic, the condition can present diagnostic challenges due to its atypical presentation. Complications such as perforation can lead to acute abdomen, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality.