LTPLN: Automatic pavement distress detection.

Automatic pavement disease detection aims to address the inefficiency in practical detection. However, traditional methods heavily rely on low-level image analysis, handcrafted features, and classical classifiers, leading to limited effectiveness and poor generalization in complex scenarios. Although significant progress has been made with deep learning methods, challenges persist in handling high-resolution images and diverse disease types.

Scalable Production of 2D Non-Layered Metal Oxides through Metal-Organic Gel Rapid Redox Transformation.

Two-dimensional (2D) nonlayered metal compounds with porous structure show broad application prospects in electrochemistry-related fields due to their abundant active sites, open ions/electrons diffusion channels, and faradaic reactions. However, scalable and universal synthesis of 2D porous compounds still remains challenging. Here, inspired by blowing gum, a metal-organic gel (MOG) rapid redox transformation (MRRT) strategy is proposed for the mass production of a wide variety of 2D porous metal oxides.

Using Sandwiched Silicon/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites with Dual Hybridization for Their Stable Lithium Storage Properties.

Using silicon/reduced graphene oxide (Si/rGO) composites as lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes can effectively buffer the volumetric expansion and shrinkage of Si. Herein, we designed and prepared Si/rGO-b with a sandwiched structure, formed by a duple combination of ammonia-modified silicon (m-Si) nanoparticles (NP) with graphene oxide (GO). In the first composite process of m-Si and GO, a core-shell structure of primal Si/rGO-b (p-Si/rGO-b) was formed.

Autonomous Feedback-Driven Engineered DNAzyme-Coated Trojan Horse-like Nanocapsules for On-Demand CRISPR/Cas9 Delivery.

Manipulating the expression of cellular genes through efficient CRISPR/Cas9 delivery is rapidly evolving into a desirable tumor therapeutics. The exposure of CRISPR/Cas9 to a complex external environment poses challenges for conventional delivery carriers in achieving responsive and accurate release. Here, we report a Trojan horse-like nanocapsule for the on-demand delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 in a microRNA-responsive manner, enabling precise tumor therapy.

Association of vitamins B1 and B2 intake with early-onset sarcopenia in the general adult population of the US: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018.

Background: Early-onset sarcopenia refers to the progressive loss of muscle mass and function that occurs at an early age. This condition perpetuates the vicious cycle of muscle loss and is associated with adverse outcomes. It is important to identify the contributing factors for early intervention and prevention.

Efficacy of Ganshuang granules on non-alcoholic fatty liver and underlying mechanism: a network pharmacology and experimental verification.

Objective: To investigate the potential pharmacological mechanisms of Ganshuang granules (, GSG) in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD).

Methods: All the active components and targets of GSG were retrieved from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. Protein-Protein interaction network, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology function annotation of common targets were analyzed to predict the mechanisms of action of GSG in the treatment of NAFLD.

Smart Tumor Cell-Derived DNA Nano-Tree Assembly for On-Demand Macrophages Reprogramming.

Without coordinated strategies to balance the population and activity of tumor cells and polarized macrophages, antitumor immunotherapy generally offers limited clinical benefits. Inspired by the "eat me" signal, a smart tumor cell-derived proximity anchored non-linear hybridization chain reaction (Panel-HCR) strategy is established for on-demand regulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). The Panel-HCR is composed of a recognition-then-assembly module and a release-then-regulation module.

DNA four-way junction-driven dual-rolling circle amplification sandwich-type aptasensor for ultra-sensitive and specific detection of tumor-derived exosomes.

There is an urgent need to accurately quantify tumor-derived exosomes, which have emerged as promising non-invasive tumor diagnostic biomarkers. Herein, a bispecific-aptamer sandwich-type gold nanoparticle-modified electrochemical aptasensor was developed based on a four-way junction (4-WJ)-triggered dual rolling circle amplification (RCA)-assisted methylene blue (MB)/G-quadruplex strategy for extremely specific and sensitive exosome detection. This aptamer/exosome/aptamer sandwich-type design contained a CD63-specific aptamer and a cancerous mucin-1 (MUC1) protein-specific aptamer.

Preparation and Characterization of Bio-Based PLA/PEG/g-CN Low-Temperature Composite Phase Change Energy Storage Materials.

As energy and environmental issues become more prominent, people must find sustainable, green development paths. Bio-based polymeric phase change energy storage materials provide solutions to cope with these problems. Therefore, in this paper, a fully degradable polyethylene glycol (PEG20000)/polylactic acid (PLA)/g-CN composite phase change energy storage material (CPCM) was obtained by confinement.

A New Structure with Localized sp Bonding for Fivefold Twinning in Diamond.

Changes in atomic bonding configuration in carbon from sp to sp are known to exist in certain structural defects in diamond, such as twin boundaries, grain boundaries, and dislocations, which have a significant impact on many properties of diamond. In this work, the atomic structure of fivefold twinning in detonation synthesized ultra-dispersed diamonds is investigated using a combination of techniques, including spherical aberration-corrected high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM), HREM image simulations, and molecular mechanics (MM) calculations. The experimental HREM images reveal clearly that the fivefold twinning in diamond has two distinct structures.

Modular Engineering of a DNA Tetrahedron-Based Nanomachine for Ultrasensitive Detection of Intracellular Bioactive Small Molecules.

Bioactive small molecules serve as invaluable biomarkers for recognizing modulated organismal metabolism in correlation with numerous diseases. Therefore, sensitive and specific molecular biosensing and imaging and are particularly critical for the diagnosis and treatment of a large group of diseases. Herein, a modular DNA tetrahedron-based nanomachine was engineered for the ultrasensitive detection of intracellular small molecules.

A Smart Nano-Theranostic Platform Based on Dual-microRNAs Guided Self-Feedback Tetrahedral Entropy-Driven DNA Circuit.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, capable of up or down-regulating gene expression during tumorigenesis; they are diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for tumors. To detect low abundance of intracellular oncogenic miRNAs (onco-miRNAs) and realize synergistic gene therapy of onco-miRNAs and tumor suppressors, a smart nano-theranostic platform based on dual-miRNAs guided self-feedback tetrahedral entropy-driven DNA circuit is created. The platform as a delivery vehicle is a DNA tetrahedral framework, in which the entropy-driven DNA circuit achieves a dual-miRNAs guided self-feedback, between an in situ amplification of the onco-miRNAs and activation of suppressor miRNAs release.

Efficacy of luteolin on the human gastric cancer cell line MKN45 and underlying mechanism.

Objective: To investigate the antitumour efficacy of luteolin on gastric cancer (GC) and study the mechanism underpinning the action.

Methods: Effects of luteolin on cell growth inhibition, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in MKN45 cells were investigated using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential after luteolin treatment were assessed using 5,5',6,6'-tetra-chloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolcarbocyanineiodi-de (JC-1) staining.

Phase interface engineering of metal selenides heterostructure for enhanced lithium-ion storage and electrocatalysis.

Biphasic or multiphase heterostructures hold attractive prospects in engineering advanced electrode materials for energy-related applications owing to the appealing synergistic effect; however, they still suffer from unsatisfied electrochemical activity and reaction kinetics. Herein, guided by density functional theory calculation, a well-engineered selenides heterostructure with high-density NiSe-NiSe biphasic interfaces that fastened in N, O-codoped carbon matrix, was developed for high-performance lithium storage and electrocatalysis. By controlled selenylation of metal-organic framework (MOF), a series of NiSe@C hybrids (NiSe@C, NiSe/NiSe@C-1, NiSe/NiSe@C-2, and NiSe@C) with tunable biphasic components and grain sizes were prepared.

How Psychological Wellbeing and Digital Mental Health Services Intervene the Role of Self-Efficacy and Affective Commitment of University Students in Their Performance?

Student performance is a critical factor in academic achievement. Other factors like the students' self-efficacy, affective commitment, and psychological wellbeing play a significant role in shaping their performance. The present study aims to understand the role of self-efficacy, affective commitment, and psychological wellbeing in the students' performance.

Correction: Roles of water in the formation and preparation of graphene oxide.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D0RA10026A.].

Roles of water in the formation and preparation of graphene oxide.

The functional groups and physical properties of graphene oxide (GO) are found to be sensitive to and can be controlled by the water content in the reactions when GO samples are prepared at different concentrations of sulfuric acid using a modified Hummers method. GO prepared with 93% sulfuric acid (HSO) showed fewer structural defects, less π-π conjugation, and larger interlayer spacing than GO prepared with 99% HSO. The intensity ratio of the D-band to the G-band of the Raman spectrum is 0.

Network Reconfiguration Among Cerebellar Visual, Motor Regions Affects Movement Function Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type .

Background: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a rare movement disorder characterized with ataxia. Previous studies on movement disorders show that the whole-brain functional network tends to be more regular, and these reconfigurations correlate with genetic and clinical variables.

Methods: To test whether the brain network in patients with SCA3 follows a similar reconfiguration course to other movement disorders, we recruited 41 patients with SCA3 (mean age = 40.

Biomimetic metalloporphyrin oxidase modified carbon nanotubes for highly sensitive and stable quantification of anti-oxidants tert-butylhydroquinone in plant oil.

This study constructed a novel biomimetic enzyme electrochemical biosensor based on tetraphenyl metalloporphyrins functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The effect of central metal ions on the catalytic activity of tetraphenyl metalloporphyrin biomimetic enzyme was investigated. It was found that the change of central metal ions had a significant effect on the catalytic performance of metalloporphyrin and Zinc(II) tetraphenylporphyrin (ZnTPP) had the most excellent catalytic property.

Study of Compatibility and Flame Retardancy of TPU/PLA Composites.

In order to apply the rigid biodegradable PLA material for flexible toothbrush bristle products, in this paper, Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) blends (TPU/PLA composites), with a mass ratio of 80:20, were prepared by the melt-blending method to achieve toughening modification. Infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance were used to investigate the effect of the compatibilizer, Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP--MAH), on the compatibility of the blends, and the effect of melamine on the flame retardant properties of the blends was further investigated. The results demonstrated that 3% PP--MAH had the best compatibility effect on PLA and TPU; the TPU/PLA composites have a better macromolecular motility and higher crystallization capacity in the amorphous regions through the physical and chemical action by using PP--MAH as a compatibilizer.

Enhanced Catalytic Denitrification Performance of Ruthenium-based Catalysts by Hydrogen Spillover from a Palladium Promoter.

Catalytic denitrification, a promising technology for nitrate removal, is increasingly limited by the rising price of Pd. Replacing Pd with less-expensive Ru would significantly reduce the cost; however, Ru-based catalysts have been reported to perform inconsistently in denitrification applications, making their replacement prospects unclear. Herein, the surface oxidation of Ru catalysts was confirmed to be a key factor that inhibits activity.