Pediatric gallbladder torsion managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report and scoping review.

Gallbladder torsion (GT), characterized by the axial rotation of the cystic duct and cystic artery, is a critical condition that predominantly affects elderly women and is infrequently observed in children. Chronic cholecystitis associated with incomplete GT is a particularly rare phenomenon. This article presents a pediatric case of chronic cholecystitis associated with incomplete GT.

Molecular and cellular morphology of placenta unveils new mechanisms of reproductive immunology.

Introduction: Despite of numerous studies of the placenta, some molecular and cellular characteristics, particularly the relationship among different cell types, have not been well understood. We aim to investigate the basic and intricate details of cellular and molecular elements in early and late phase placentas to gain better understanding of the immune regulation of human reproductive process.

Methods: A novel combination of techniques of spatial transcriptomics(ST), multiple immunohistochemistry, and a dual labeling combining immunohistochemistry and (fluorescence in situ hybridization) FISH on normal and ectopic pregnancy and animal models was employed to investigate the placenta at tissue, cell, protein and molecular levels and to trace the fetal and maternal origin of every cell in early and late placentas.

Inhalable biohybrid microrobots: a non-invasive approach for lung treatment.

Amidst the rising prevalence of respiratory diseases, the importance of effective lung treatment modalities is more critical than ever. However, current drug delivery systems face significant limitations that impede their efficacy and therapeutic outcome. Biohybrid microrobots have shown considerable promise for active in vivo drug delivery, especially for pulmonary applications via intratracheal routes.

Electrochemical Reductive Bimolecular Cycloaddition of 2-Arylideneindane-1,3-diones for the Synthesis of Spirocyclopentanole Indane-1,3-diones.

An electrochemical reductive bimolecular cycloaddition of 2-arylideneindane-1,3-diones has been reported for the synthesis of spirocyclopentanole indane-1,3-diones bearing five contiguous stereocenters with vicinal tetrasubstituted stereocenters, especially involving a quaternary carbon center, in moderate to good yields and excellent diastereoselectivities. The present protocol features mild reaction conditions, no external chemical redox reagents, excellent atom economy, and gram-scale synthesis. In addition, a mechanistic investigation indicates that the reactions proceed through a radical pathway.

A peptide-centric local stability assay enables proteome-scale identification of the protein targets and binding regions of diverse ligands.

By using a limited-proteolysis strategy that employs a large amount of trypsin to generate peptides directly from native proteins, we found that ligand-induced protein local stability shifts can be sensitively detected on a proteome-wide scale. This enabled us to develop the peptide-centric local stability assay, a modification-free approach that achieves unprecedented sensitivity in proteome-wide target identification and binding-region determination. We demonstrate the broad applications of the peptide-centric local stability assay by investigating interactions across various biological contexts.

Microparticle-assisted protein capture method facilitates proteomic and glycoproteomic analysis of urine samples.

Serum tests have become a partial alternative to renal biopsy for diagnosing primary membranous nephropathy (pMN). However, urine tests, due to their non-invasive nature and ability to more accurately reflect glomerular diseases, hold great promise for the detection of pMN. However, the low protein concentration and the time-consuming sample preparation procedure of urine samples challenges the proteomic and glycoproteomic analysis to find urine-derived signatures associated with pMN.

Surface reconstruction of wide-bandgap perovskites enables efficient perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells.

Wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells (WBG-PSCs) are critical for developing perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. The defect-rich surface of WBG-PSCs will lead to severe interfacial carrier loss and phase segregation, deteriorating the device's performance. Herein, we develop a surface reconstruction method by removing the defect-rich crystal surface by nano-polishing and then passivating the newly exposed high-crystallinity surface.

Vaginal Cuff Dehiscence and Small Intestinal Prolapse in a Middle-Aged Woman Due to Ring Pessary Use.

Objective: Vaginal cuff rupture is a rare but serious postoperative complication predominantly occurring after hysterectomy. Given that it can lead to partial or total evisceration, bowel strangulation, sepsis, and acute mesenteric ischemia. Any instance of this complication should be treated as a surgical emergency.

Sustainable and smart rail transit based on advanced self-powered sensing technology.

As rail transit continues to develop, expanding railway networks increase the demand for sustainable energy supply and intelligent infrastructure management. In recent years, advanced rail self-powered technology has rapidly progressed toward artificial intelligence and the internet of things (AIoT). This review primarily discusses the self-powered and self-sensing systems in rail transit, analyzing their current characteristics and innovative potentials in different scenarios.

[The role of tumor-associated macrophages in the development and progression of cervical cancer].

Cervical cancer (CC) has been a hot topic in the field of gynecological cancer due to its high morbidity and mortality. As one of the major components, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a crucial role in the tumor microenvironment (TME), differentiating into M1 and M2 phenotypes under the influence of various cytokines, with a predominance of the M2 phenotype among TAMs. Notably, the functions of these two phenotypes are almost opposite.

CYP4BN4v7 regulates the population density dependent oocyte maturity rate in bean beetles.

The bean beetle (Callosobruchus maculatus) clearly exhibits population density-dependent polymorphism. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is involved in many aspects of the physiological activities of insects. However, the role of CYP in population density-dependent polymorphisms remains unknown.

The C3d-fused Porcine circovirus type 2d virus-like particle induced early and enhanced immune response and protected pigs against challenge.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an economically significant pathogen affecting the global swine industry. Vaccination is considered the most effective and best way to prevent PCV2-associated disease. The PCV2d genotype has become predominant by replacing the previous PCV2b genotype.

Microstructured Self-Healing Flexible Tactile Sensors Inspired by Bamboo Leaves.

Wearable electronic devices with multifunctions such as flexible, integrated, and self-powered play a crucial role in the fields of health monitoring, motion monitoring, and human-computer interaction. However, their core basic components, flexible pressure sensors, face challenges including poor long-term stability and insufficient real-time sensing accuracy. In order to solve the challenges of long-term, stable, and accurate sensing of the sensor, this paper prepares polydimethylsiloxane (SHPDMS) with intrinsic self-healing property and designs a high-sensitivity self-healing capacitive flexible pressure sensor with dual microstructures (grating microstructured electrodes and microporous dielectric layer) as the substrate based on SHPDMS.

GP-Plotter: Flexible Spectral Visualization for Proteomics Data with Emphasis on Glycoproteomics Analysis.

Identification evaluation and result dissemination are essential components in mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis. The visualization of fragment ions in mass spectrum provides strong evidence for peptide identification and modification localization. Here, we present an easy-to-use tool, named GP-Plotter, for ion annotation of tandem mass spectra and corresponding image output.

Wettability Behaviour of Metal Surfaces after Sequential Nanosecond and Picosecond Laser Texturing.

This study examines the wettability behaviour of 304 stainless steel (304SS) and Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) surfaces after sequential nanosecond (ns) and picosecond (ps) laser texturing; in particular, how the multi-scale surface structures created influence the lifecycle of surface hydrophobicity. The effect of different post-process treatments is also examined. Surfaces were analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), a white light interferometer optical profiler, and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy.

Mechanism of Fatigue-Life Extension Due to Dynamic Strain Aging in Low-Carbon Steel at High Temperature.

An enhancement in fatigue life for ferrite-pearlite low-carbon steel (LCS) at high temperature (HT) has been discovered, where it increased from 190,873 cycles at room temperature (RT) to 10,000,000 cycles at 400 °C under the same stress conditions. To understand the mechanism behind this phenomenon, the evolution of microstructure and dislocation density during fatigue tests was comprehensively investigated. High-power X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to analyze the evolution of total dislocation density, while Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and High-Resolution EBSD (HR-EBSD) were conducted to reveal the evolutions of kernel average misorientation (KAM), geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) and elastic strains.

Preparation of Difluoromethylated Benzothiophene by Visible-Light-Mediated Alkyne Difunctionalization Reaction.

An efficient method for the preparation of difluoromethylated benzothiophenes via visible-light-mediated alkyne difunctionalization was developed. In this method, inexpensive sodium difluoromethanesulfinate (HCFSONa) was used as the fluorine source, and a variety of benzothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yield under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the reaction operation is simple and easy to scale up.

GP-Marker facilitates the analysis of intact glycopeptide quantitative data at different levels.

Protein glycosylation is a highly heterogeneous post-translational modification that has been demonstrated to exhibit significant variations in various diseases. Due to the differential patterns observed in disease and healthy populations, the glycosylated proteins hold promise as early indicators for multiple diseases. With the continuous development of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology and spectrum analysis software, the sensitivity for the decipher of the tandem mass spectra of the glycopeptides carrying intact glycans, i.

Polydopamine-assisted smart bacteria-responsive hydrogel: Switchable antimicrobial and antifouling capabilities for accelerated wound healing.

Introduction: Wound infections and formation of biofilms caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria have constituted a series of wound deteriorated and life-threatening problems. The in situ resisting bacterial adhesion, killing multidrug-resistance bacteria, and releasing dead bacteria is strongly required to supply a gap of existing sterilization strategies.

Objectives: This study aims to present a facile approach to construct a bacteria-responsive hydrogel with switchable antimicrobial-antifouling properties through a "resisting-killing-releasing" method.