Identifiable risk factors in hepatitis B and C.

Background: Both hepatitis B and C are common infections affecting masses and are leading causes of Chronic Liver Disease in Pakistan as well as worldwide. In majority of cases both viral diseases spread by factors that are preventable. The present study is conducted to determine the identifiable risk factors in patients admitted with Chronic Hepatitis B and C.

Simultaneous determination of lipoic acid (LA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection.

A fast, simple, and a reliable high-performance liquid chromatography linked with electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD) method for the assessment of lipoic acid (LA) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) in plasma was developed using naproxen sodium as an internal standard (IS) and validated according to standard guidelines. Extraction of both analytes and IS from plasma (250 μl) was carried out with a single step liquid-liquid extraction applying dichloromethane. The separated organic layer was dried under stream of nitrogen at 40°C and the residue was reconstituted with the mobile phase.

Preparation of 99mTc-tin-phosphate polyvinyl pyrollidone stabilized colloid and distribution in bone marrow.

Technetium-99m-Sn-phosphate colloid was prepared in the presence of polyvinylpyrollidone(PVP), molecular weight 44,000, for bone marrow imaging. Size of the colloidal particles, as determined by coulter counter, microphotographic and electron microscopic studies was 15-35 nm. The colloid preparation was checked for the presence of any soluble components by Sephadex G-25 chromatography.