Study on Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance of Jarosite/C Composites.

In the electrolysis of water process, hydrogen is produced and the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) dominates the reaction rate of the entire process. Currently, OER catalysts mostly consist of noble metal (NM) catalysts, which cannot be applied in industries due to the high price. It is of great importance to developing low-cost catalysts materials as NM materials substitution.

Metabolomics of a cell line-derived xenograft model reveals circulating metabolic signatures for malignant mesothelioma.

Background: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a rare and highly aggressive cancer. Despite advances in multidisciplinary treatments for cancer, the prognosis for MM remains poor with no effective diagnostic biomarkers currently available. The aim of this study was to identify plasma metabolic biomarkers for better MM diagnosis and prognosis by use of a MM cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) model.

A core-brush 3D DNA nanostructure: the next generation of DNA nanomachine for ultrasensitive sensing and imaging of intracellular microRNA with rapid kinetics.

A highly loaded and integrated core-brush three-dimensional (3D) DNA nanostructure is constructed by programmatically assembling a locked DNA walking arm (DA) and hairpin substrate (HS) into a repetitive array along a well-designed DNA track generated by rolling circle amplification (RCA) and is applied as a 3D DNA nanomachine for rapid and sensitive intracellular microRNA (miRNA) imaging and sensing. Impressively, the homogeneous distribution of the DA and HS at a ratio of 1 : 3 on the DNA track provides a specific walking range for the DA to avoid invalid and random self-walking and notably improve the executive ability of the core-brush 3D DNA nanomachine, which easily solves the major technical challenges of traditional Au-based 3D DNA nanomachines: low loading capacity and low executive efficiency. As a proof of concept, the interaction of miRNA with the 3D DNA nanomachine could initiate the autonomous and progressive operation of the DA to cleave the HS for ultrasensitive ECL detection of target miRNA-21 with a detection limit as low as 3.

System Stability of Learning-Based Linear Optimal Control With General Discounted Value Iteration.

For discounted optimal regulation design, the stability of the controlled system is affected by the discount factor. If an inappropriate discount factor is employed, the optimal control policy might be unstabilizing. Therefore, in this article, the effect of the discount factor on the stabilization of control strategies is discussed.

Adaptive Critic for Event-Triggered Unknown Nonlinear Optimal Tracking Design With Wastewater Treatment Applications.

In this article, an event-based near-optimal tracking control algorithm is developed for a class of nonaffine systems. First, in order to gain the tracking control strategy, the costate function is established through the iterative dual heuristic dynamic programming (DHP) algorithm. Then, the event-based control method is employed to improve the utilization efficiency of resources and ensure that the closed-loop system has an excellent control performance.

Excessive mechanical strain accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration by disrupting intrinsic circadian rhythm.

Night shift workers with disordered rhythmic mechanical loading are more prone to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Our results showed that circadian rhythm (CR) was dampened in degenerated and aged NP cells. Long-term environmental CR disruption promoted IDD in rats.

Miliarial gout: Clinical case and a brief review.

Miliarial gout is a rare clinical variant of chronic tophaceous gout characterised by tiny milia-like papules containing chalky tophaceous material. In this report, we present a case of miliarial gout in a patient with known history of gouty arthritis and review the reported cases of miliarial gout in the literature to discuss its characteristics, diagnosis and treatment.

Auditory evoked potential in stranded melon-headed whales (Peponocephala electra): With severe hearing loss and possibly caused by anthropogenic noise pollution.

Highly concentrated live mass stranding events of dolphins and whales happened in the eastern coast of China between June and October 2021. The current study adopted the non-invasive auditory evoked-potential technique to investigate the hearing threshold of a stranded melon headed whale (Peponocephala electra) at a frequency range of between 9.5 and 181 kHz.

Lignin-Induced CaCO Vaterite Structure for Biocatalytic Artificial Photosynthesis.

The vaterite phase of CaCO exhibits unique characteristics, such as high porosity, surface area, dispersivity, and low specific gravity, but it is the most unstable polymorph. Here, we report lignin-induced stable vaterite as a support matrix for integrated artificial photosynthesis through the encapsulation of key active components such as the photosensitizer (eosin y, EY) and redox enzyme (l-glutamate dehydrogenase, GDH). The lignin-vaterite/EY/GDH photobiocatalytic platform enabled the regeneration of the reduced nicotinamide cofactor under visible light and facilitated the rapid conversion of α-ketoglutarate into l-glutamate (initial conversion rate, 0.

Change of nutrients, microorganisms, and physical properties of exposed extensive green roof substrate.

Green roofs (GR) can be used as a nature-based solution to tackle eco-environmental problems caused by climate change and rapid urbanization. The substrate in the GRs is the growing medium for vegetation, and its properties directly affect the ecosystem services of GRs. To investigate the characteristic changes of an exposed substrate after the removal of vegetation, a one-year field experiment was conducted.

A novel PDX modeling strategy and its application in metabolomics study for malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive carcinoma located in pleural cavity. Due to lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in MPM, the prognosis is extremely poor. Because of difficulties in sample extraction, and the high rate of misdiagnosis, MPM is rarely studied.

Controlled preparation and gas sensitive properties of two-dimensional and cubic structure ZnSnO.

Two-dimensional (2D) ZnSnO is a promising candidate for future gas sensors due to its high chemical response and excellent electronic properties. However, the preparation of 2D ZnSnO nanosheets by utilizing soluble inorganic salts and nonorganic solvents remains a challenge. In this work, 2D ZnSnO was synthesized via a facile graphene oxide (GO)-assisted co-precipitation method, in which inorganic salts in the aqueous phase replaced metal organic salts in a non-aqueous system.

Neuro-Optimal Trajectory Tracking With Value Iteration of Discrete-Time Nonlinear Dynamics.

In this article, a novel neuro-optimal tracking control approach is developed toward discrete-time nonlinear systems. By constructing a new augmented plant, the optimal trajectory tracking design is transformed into an optimal regulation problem. For discrete-time nonlinear dynamics, the steady control input corresponding to the reference trajectory is given.

The Novel Tumor Microenvironment-Related Prognostic Gene AIF1 May Influence Immune Infiltrates and is Correlated with TIGIT in Esophageal Cancer.

Background: Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Studying the associations of the tumor microenvironment (TME) with pathology and prognosis would illustrate the underlying mechanism of prognostic prediction and provide novel targets for immunotherapy in the treatment of EC.

Methods: Transcriptomic profiles of 159 EC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Blubber fatty acid compositions in different geographic populations of finless porpoise in Chinese waters: implications for thermal adaptation.

The stratification of blubber fatty acids (FAs) is a widely used strategy in marine mammals and can be influenced by many factors, including their diet, environmental temperature, and physiological status. There are 3 distinct finless porpoise species/subspecies in Chinese coastal and inland waters in a wide range from 20°N to 40°N. The biochemical stratification of the blubbers of finless porpoises in different regions may provide valuable information for understanding their environmental adaptations.

Omi inhibition ameliorates neuron apoptosis and neurological deficit after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a severe neurological emergency, resulting in cognitive impairments and threatening human's health. Currently, SAH has no effective treatment. It is urgent to search for an effective therapy for SAH.

Study on the Synthesis of High-Purity γ-Phase Mesoporous Alumina with Excellent CO Adsorption Performance via a Simple Method Using Industrial Aluminum Oxide as Raw Material.

To mitigate the global greenhouse effect and the waste of carbon dioxide, a chemical raw material, high-purity γ-phase mesoporous alumina (MA) with excellent CO adsorption performance was synthesized by the direct aging method and ammonium salt substitution method. With this process, not only can energy consumption and time be shortened to a large extent but the final waste can also be recycled to the mother liquor by adding calcium hydroxide. Reaction conditions, i.

Injectable Mussel-Inspired highly adhesive hydrogel with exosomes for endogenous cell recruitment and cartilage defect regeneration.

In the early stage of osteoarthritis (OA), cartilage degradation in the surface region leads to superficial cartilage defect. However, enhancing the regeneration of cartilage defect remains a great challenge for existing hydrogel technology because of the weak adhesion to wet tissue. In the present study, an injectable mussel-inspired highly adhesive hydrogel with exosomes was investigated for endogenous cell recruitment and cartilage defect regeneration.

Riverside underwater noise pollution threaten porpoises and fish along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China.

The Yangtze River exhibits a high biodiversity and plays an important role in global biodiversity conservation. As the world's busiest inland river in regard to shipping, little attention has been paid to underwater noise pollution. In 2017, the underwater noise level in 25 riverside locations along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River mainly at night time were investigated by using passive acoustic monitoring method.

Seasonal Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) movements in the Poyang Lake, China: Implications on flexible management for aquatic animals in fluctuating freshwater ecosystems.

Identifying seasonal high-use habitats and migration corridors is the basis for migratory species conservation. Previous studies have focused on Marine Protected Areas, while freshwater ecosystems, often accompanied by severe hydrological fluctuations, suggest new perspectives for flexible management. Poyang Lake is an essential habitat for the critically endangered Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis, YFP), supporting almost half of their natural population.