A motor unit action potential-based method for surface electromyography decomposition.

Objective: Surface electromyography (EMG) decomposition is crucial for identifying motor neuron activities by analyzing muscle-generated electrical signals. This study aims to develop and validate a novel motor unit action potential (MUAP)-based method for surface EMG decomposition, addressing the limitations of traditional blind source separation (BSS)-based techniques in computation complexity and motor unit (MU) tracking.

Methods: Within the framework of the convolution kernel compensation algorithm, we developed a MUAP-based decomposition algorithm by reconstructing the MU filters from MUAPs and evaluated its performance using both simulated and experimental datasets.

Comparison of structure-function correlation among IMO visual function analyser and Humphrey field analyser.

Purpose: To compare the structure-function correlations between optical coherence tomography (OCT) thickness parameters and the corresponding sectorial mean sensitivity (MS) values obtained with IMO visual function analyser (IMOvifa) and Humphrey field analyser (HFA) perimeters.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: Glaucoma suspect, glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients underwent IMOvifa 24-2 Ambient Interactive Zippy Estimated Sequential Testing, HFA 24-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm-Standard and OCT tests within 12 weeks.

The influence and mechanisms of exogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands on the viability of mouse germ cells.

Environmental pollution is a significant contributor to male infertility. Numerous environmental pollutants, such as PCB118, act as exogenous ligands for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). However, the role of AhR in mediating the effects of environmental pollutants on male reproductive functions remains inadequately understood.

Comparison of structures and inhibition activities of serine protease inhibitors of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella pseudospiralis.

Background: Trichinosis is one of the most widespread parasitic infections worldwide. Trichinella spiralis not only infects humans but can also utilize wild anddomestic animals as hosts. The serine protease inhibitors secreted by Trichinella spiralis play a critical role in its invasion and immune evasion.

Buccal Acupuncture Alleviates Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Radical Resection of Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study.

Objective: To preliminarily investigate the effect of buccal acupuncture therapy on ameliorating postoperative pain and enhancing recovery quality among patients undergoing radical resection of gastrointestinal cancers.

Methods: Fifty-two participants were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to either the buccal acupuncture or the control group. The acupuncture protocol entailed targeting 5 predetermined acupoints [CA-2 (Upper jiao), CA-3 (Middle jiao), CA-4 (Lower jiao), CA-6 (back), and CA-7 (waist) and two adjustable acupoints [CA-1 (head) and CA-8 (sacrum)] on each side of the face.

Construction of pseudotyped human coronaviruses and detection of pre-existing antibodies in the human population.

In order to clarify the pre-exist immunity background of different human coronaviruses (HCoV), this study investigated the positive rate of spike (S) protein antibodies of HCoV, including HCoV- severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) -associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV-1), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43, before and after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. We utilized pseudotyped virus-based neutralization assays (PBNA) or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to detect antibody levels against HCoV in serum samples collected in 2009-2010 and 2023. The PBNA results showed that neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-1 and the MERS-CoV were negative.

Compassion Scale: factor structure and scale validation in Hong Kong adolescents.

Introduction: This study aimed to validate the 16-item Compassion Scale (CS) for use with Hong Kong adolescents. 1,193 secondary school students in grades 7 to 11 ( = 13.80 years, 43.

Identification and Molecular Mechanism of Novel α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Peptides from the Hydrolysate of Hemp Seed Proteins: Peptidomic Analysis, Molecular Docking, and Dynamics Simulation.

There is a growing demand for natural and potent α-glucosidase inhibitors due to the rising prevalence of diabetes. In this study, newly identified α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides were identified from the tryptic hydrolysate of hemp seed proteins based on peptidomics and in silico analysis. A total of 424 peptides, primarily derived from four cupin-type-1 domain-containing proteins, were identified, and 13 ultimately were selected for validation based on their higher PeptideRanker scores, solubility, non-toxicity, and favorable ADMET properties.

Development of a Pre-Modification Strategy to Overcome Restriction-Modification Barriers and Enhance Genetic Engineering in for Nisin Biosynthesis.

Due to the barriers imposed by the restriction-modification (RM) system, Nisin-producing industrial strains of often encounter low transformation efficiency, which seriously hinders the widespread application of genetic engineering in non-model . Herein, we present a novel pre-modification strategy (PMS) coupled with optimized plasmid delivery systems designed to systematically evade RM barriers and substantially improve Nisin biosynthesis in . Through the use of engineered strains with methylation profiles specifically optimized for C20, we have effectively evaded RM barriers, thereby facilitating the efficient introduction of large Nisin biosynthetic gene clusters into .

Atractylenolide I Attenuates Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis via Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

Long-term treatment with glucocorticoids significantly impacts bone health, with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) being the most prevalent consequence. Previous studies have established that Atractylenolide I (Atr I) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor properties, however, its specific effects on osteoclastogenesis and GIOP are still unclear. In this study, our in vitro results revealed that Atr I inhibited RANKL-stimulated osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner, disrupted the structure of the F-actin belt in mature osteoclasts, blocked RANKL-induced ROS production, and suppressed the expression of osteoclast-associated genes.

A Novel NICU Sleep State Stratification: Multiperspective Features, Adaptive Feature Selection and Ensemble Model.

The examination of sleep patterns in newborns, particularly premature infants, is crucial for understanding neonatal development. This study presents an automated multi-sleep state classification approach for infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) using multiperspective feature extraction methodologies and machine learning to assess their neurological and physical development. The datasets for this study were collected from Children's Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai and consist of electroencephalography (EEG) recordings from two datasets, one comprising 64 neonates and the other 19 neonates.

FBXO32 ubiquitination of SUFU promotes progression and lenvatinib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma via hedgehog signaling.

Lenvatinib is a prevalent treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet resistance to the drug significantly limits its effectiveness. This study investigates the role of FBXO32 (F-Box Protein 32) in HCC progression and lenvatinib resistance. Methods: We utilized the GSE211850 and GSE46408 datasets to identify an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is highly expressed in both lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and HCC tissues.

Electrochromic Pressure-Sensitive Device for In Situ and Instantaneous Pressure Visualization.

High sensitivity and spatial recognition of pressure sensors are important for application of the sensors in electronic skins, and in situ visualization is a practical and effective approach to identifying pressure information. Here, we present a facial strategy to achieve in situ pressure information recognition that is visible to the naked eye in coloring form by designing an HPO/PVA film with hemispheric microstructures in an integrated electrochromic pressure sensor. The device can be applied for different stress scenarios within the range of 0-250 kPa by adjusting the spacing of hemispheric microstructures and can identify the magnitude, position, shape, and duration of the pressure.

Sodium aescinate induces hepatotoxicity through apoptosis and ferroptosis by inhibiting the Nrf2/CTH pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The seed of Aesculus wilsonii Rehd., also known as Suoluozi in China, is a traditional Chinese herb included in the Pharmacopoeia of China (2020). Sodium aescinate (SA) is derived from the Aesculus wilsonii Rehd.

From Novelty to Knowledge: A Longitudinal Investigation of the Novelty Effect on Learning Outcomes in Virtual Reality.

Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly recognized as a powerful educational platform, but the novelty effect-where users experience heightened engagement during initial interactions with new technology-can interfere with learning outcomes. This study investigates how the novelty effect influences learning using a three-wave longitudinal design, tracking changes in information recall and exploratory behavior over three weeks. Our findings reveal that while initial novelty impedes learning, learners' ability to encode educational content improves as they become more familiar with the virtual environment.

Point Defect Scattering and Phonon Softening for Achieving High Thermoelectric Performance in p-Type ZnSb with Optimal Carrier Concentration.

The thermoelectric material ZnSb has been intensively studied on account of its good thermodynamic stability and earth-abundant constituent elements, both of which make it feasible for mass production. However, the practical application of ZnSb is limited by its relatively poor thermoelectric performance, characterized by a low power factor and high lattice thermal conductivity. Herein, we demonstrate that there is a significant improvement in the thermoelectric figure of merit of ZnSb by combining Ge doping at the Sb site with Cd alloying at the Zn site.

Global Population Structure, Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance of Helicobacter pylori: A Pooled Analysis of 4067 Isolates From 76 Countries.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common pathogen that has co-evolved with the human host for approximately 100,000 years; however, our understanding of its population structure remains limited. Furthermore, the detailed characteristics of its virulence factors and antibiotic resistance for H.

Tricalcium silicate enhanced by silver nanoparticles-bacterial cellulose for dental restoration.

Sustainable Ag hybrid bacterial cellulose nanofiber (Ag-BCN) was used as the fiber reinforcement material for tricalcium silicate (CS) to construct a functional dental restorative material with excellent mechanical performance and high antibacterial activity. The prepared CS/Ag-BCN material exhibits 44.5 % increase in fracture resistance and 38.

Diagnostic value of deep learning of multimodal imaging of thyroid for TI-RADS category 3-5 classification.

Background: Thyroid nodules classified within the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TI-RADS) category 3-5 are typically regarded as having varying degrees of malignancy risk, with the risk increasing from TI-RADS 3 to TI-RADS 5. While some of these nodules may undergo fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy to assess their nature, this procedure carries a risk of false negatives and inherent complications. To avoid the need for unnecessary biopsy examination, we explored a method for distinguishing the benign and malignant characteristics of thyroid TI-RADS 3-5 nodules based on deep-learning ultrasound images combined with computed tomography (CT).

Age at diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea and subsequent risk of dementia.

Background: Epidemiological evidence regarding the association between Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) onset age and risk of incident dementia remains unexplored. The study sought to examine whether younger onset age of OSA is associated with a higher risk of incident dementia.

Methods: This cohort study, based on the UK Biobank's prospective population data, excluded 445,023 participants due to baseline dementia diagnoses, incomplete covariate information, or pre-OSA onset dementia over a 12.

Notch signaling in cancers: mechanism and potential therapy.

The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved intercellular signaling cascade that regulates a number of cellular processes, including cell development, proliferation, apoptosis, and genome stability. The Notch signaling pathway is pervasive in the human body, affecting tumorigenesis and progression, which is one of the most significant signaling pathways in this regard, influencing various receptors and cellular functions of tumor cells. Aberrant expression or mutation of Notch has been linked to the onset and progression of a variety of malignant tumors.

Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes and myocardial ischemia: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.

Myocardial ischemia has the highest disease burden among all cardiovascular diseases making it a significant challenge to the global public health. It can result in myocardial cell damage and death due to impaired mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) functions. These two organelles are important regulators of cell death.

A discrete-time clustered distributed algorithm for solving linear equations under denial-of-service attacks.

This paper investigates the problem of designing a discrete-time clustered distributed algorithm to solve large-scale linear equations via clustered multi-agent network in the presence of denial-of-service attacks. First, a discrete-time clustered distributed algorithm is proposed to solve linear equations. Then the resilience of the proposed distributed algorithm to denial-of-service attacks is analyzed.

Influence of proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) on pulse protein polymer size and associated properties.

Potential for pulse proteins in plant-based meat alternatives is limited by weak protein polymer interactions. This work examined the effects of proanthocyanidins on pulse protein crosslinking. Proanthocyanidins with degree of polymerization, mDP, 1-19.

Comparison of an AI Chatbot With a Nurse Hotline in Reducing Anxiety and Depression Levels in the General Population: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots have been customized to deliver on-demand support for people with mental health problems. However, the effectiveness of AI chatbots in tackling mental health problems among the general public in Hong Kong remains unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a local AI chatbot and compare the effectiveness of the AI chatbot with a conventional nurse hotline in reducing the level of anxiety and depression among individuals in Hong Kong.