Optimizing sheep B-cell epitopes in recombinant antigen P29 for vaccine development.

Background: is a widespread zoonotic parasitic disease, significantly impacting human health and livestock development; however, no vaccine is currently available for humans. Our preliminary studies indicate that recombinant antigen P29 (rEg.P29) is a promising candidate for vaccine.

CD4T and CD8T Cells in Uterus Exhibit Both Selective Dysfunction and Residency Signatures.

Unlike T cells in other tissues, uterine T cells must balance strong immune defense against pathogens with tolerance to semiallogeneic fetus. Our previous study fully elucidated the characteristics of T cells in nonpregnant uterus and the mechanism modulated by estrogen. However, comprehensive knowledge of the immunological properties of T (including CD4T cells and CD8T) cells in nonpregnancy uterus has not been acquired.

Recombinant antigen P29 of induces Th1, Tc1, and Th17 cell immune responses in sheep.

is a common human and animal parasitic disease that seriously endangers human health and animal husbandry. Although studies have been conducted on vaccines for , to date, there is no human vaccine available for use. One of the main reasons for this is the lack of in-depth research on basic immunization with vaccines.

The NLRP3 molecule influences the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells through Glut1-mediated energy metabolic reprogramming.

Introduction: Numerous studies demonstrated that NLRP3 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) regulated the NLRP3 inflammasome, which has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for treating IBD.

Objectives: The exact role of NLRP3 in regulating MSCs' function is unclear.

Tissue-resident memory T cells exhibit phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous in human physiological and pathological nasal mucosa.

Pathogens commonly enter mucosal barrier tissues and tissue-resident memory T cells (T) are essential for preventing mucosal lesions. However, the immunological properties of T cells in nasal mucosa are poorly known. In comparison with control tissues, decreasing CD103 T cells were observed in Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) and sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), which presented high capability to produce effector cytokines.

Tissue resident memory T cells are enriched and dysfunctional in effusion of patients with malignant tumor.

Most malignant effusion is secondary to metastases to the pleura or peritoneum and portend poor oncological outcomes. Malignant effusion has different tumor microenvironment from primary tumor, containing a variety of cytokines and immune cells and directly contacting with tumor cells. However, the characteristic of CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells in malignant effusion remains unclear.

Immunogenicity of peptide-based vaccine composed of epitopes from Echinococcus granulosus rEg.P29.

Echinococcus granulosus is one of the main causes of economic loss in the livestock industry because of its food-borne transmission. Cutting off the transmission route is a valid prevention method, and vaccines are the most effective means of controlling and eliminating infectious diseases. However, no human-related vaccine has been yet marketed.

Clinical characteristics and antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus recombinant antigen P29 in patients with cystic echinococcosis in China.

Objectives: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected parasitic zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus). This study aimed to understand the clinical characteristics of human CE in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR) located in northwest China and to investigate the antibody profiles against the recombinant E.

Identification of a dominant murine T-cell epitope in recombinant protein P29 from Echinococcus granulosus.

Echinococcus granulosus causes echinococcosis, an important zoonotic disease worldwide and a major public health issue. Vaccination is an economical and practical approach for controlling E. granulosus.

Baseline T-lymphocyte and cytokine indices in sheep peripheral blood.

Background: Sheep are an important livestock species worldwide and an essential large-animal model for animal husbandry and veterinary research. Understanding fundamental immune indicators, especially T-lymphocyte parameters, is necessary for research on sheep diseases and vaccines, to better understand the immune response to bacteria and viruses for reducing the use of antibiotics and improving the welfare of sheep. We randomly selected 36 sheep of similar ages to analyze cell-related immune indicators in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Identification of B-cell dominant epitopes in the recombinant protein P29 from Echinococcus granulosus.

Introduction: Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) causes a hazardous zoonotic parasitic disease. This parasite can occupy the liver and several areas of the body, causing incurable damage.

Estrogen enhanced the expression of IL-17 by tissue-resident memory γδT cells from uterus via interferon regulatory factor 4.

Tissue-resident memory γδT cells at mucosal and epithelial sites play an important role for pathogen clearance, immunosurveillance, and participating in physiological processes. Different from other barrier sites, the immune cells in uterus face the protection against infections and tolerate an allogeneic fetus during a successful pregnancy. In the previous study, we found that tissue-resident memory γδT cells were enriched both in human and murine uterus and highly expressed IL-17 that promoted the invasion of trophocytes in vitro.

Innate Resistance to Infection in Rat Is Dependent on NOS2.

infection causes diverse clinical manifestations in humans. The disease outcome is complicated by the combination of many host and parasite factors. Inbred mouse strains vary in resistance to but are highly susceptible to infection.

PD-1CXCR5CD4 Th-CXCL13 cell subset drives B cells into tertiary lymphoid structures of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: A major current challenge is to exploit tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) to promote the lymphocyte infiltration, activation and differentiation by tumor antigens to increase antitumor immune responses. The mechanisms that underlie the role of TLS formation in the adaptive immune responses against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain largely unknown.

Methods: Cell populations and the corresponding markers were identified by single-cell RNA sequencing and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis.

Wogonin Strengthens the Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in DSS-Induced Colitis via Promoting IL-10 Production.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are prevalent and debilitating diseases; their clinical remedy is desperately unmet. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with multiple immunomodulatory effects, which are attributed to their efficacy in the IBD rodent model. Optimization of MSC regimes in IBD is a crucial step for their further clinical application.

Tissue-Resident Memory-Like CD8 T Cells Exhibit Heterogeneous Characteristics in Tuberculous Pleural Effusion.

Tissue-resident memory T (T) cells are well known to play critical roles in peripheral tissues during virus infection and tumor immunology. Our previous studies indicated that CD69CD4 and CD69CD8 T cells in tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) were antigen-specific memory T cells. However, the phenotypical and functional characteristics of CD8 T cells in tuberculosis remain unknown.

Antigen-Specific Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells in the Respiratory System Were Generated following Intranasal Vaccination of Mice with BCG.

Tissue-resident memory T cells (T) are different from effector memory T cells (T) and central memory T cells (T) and contribute to the protective immunity against local challenges. Currently, we found that CD4 and CD8 T cells in the nasal mucosa, trachea, lungs, and lavage fluids were heterogeneous on the expression of CD69 and CD103 as well as the production of cytokines including IFN-, IL-2, and TNF-. After intranasal vaccination of mice with BCG, respiratory tissues expressed higher levels of the chemokine CXCL16 and T cells expressed CXCR6 to CXCL16.

Tissue Resident Memory γδT Cells in Murine Uterus Expressed High Levels of IL-17 Promoting the Invasion of Trophocytes.

γδT cells are non-conventional T cells and serve as the bridge for connecting the innate and adaptive immune systems. γδT cells form a substantial population at barrier sites and play an important role in the development of physiology, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and tumors. γδT cells not only distribute in the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy but also in non-pregnant uterus.

The phenotypic and functional study of tissue B cells in respiratory system provided important information for diseases and development of vaccines.

The field of tissue-resident B cells has received increasing attention, yet the feature of tissue B cells in respiratory system is unclear. Here, we first show that non-circulating B cells obtained from nasal, trachea and lung tissues are numerically and phenotypically distinct from their circulating counterparts. Analysis of single cell transcriptome sequence identified multiple differentially expressed genes between non-circulating B cells and circulating B cells, which illustrated their heterogeneity.

Local IL-17 positive T cells are functionally associated with neutrophil infiltration and their development is regulated by mucosal microenvironment in nasal polyps.

Objective And Design: IL-17 plays essential roles in neutrophilic inflammation in the lower respiratory tract, however, the characteristics of local IL-17 T cells in nasal inflammatory mucosa are not fully understood. We investigated the roles of IL-17 T cells in regulating neutrophil infiltration and the effect of the mucosal microenvironment in modulating IL-17 T cell differentiation in CRSwNP tissues.

Subjects: 47 polyp tissues from chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) patients without corticosteroid therapy and 26 tissues from healthy mucosa were obtained.

Amphiregulin alleviated concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury IL-22.

Objectives: Amphiregulin (Areg), a glycoprotein from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand family, has a well-documented protective role against tissue injury; however, its effects on immune-mediated liver injury are still unclear. Here, we used a concanavalin A (ConA)-induced acute liver hepatitis model to explore the effects of Areg on immune-mediated acute liver injury.

Materials And Methods: Some C57BL/6 mice were administered ConA at a dose of 20 mg/kg (model mice), and some received 5 µg of Areg (treated mice).

Wogonin Suppresses IL-10 Production in B Cells via STAT3 and ERK Signaling Pathway.

Wogonin (5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone) is an ingredient of the extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis, which has documented a wide spectrum of anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities, including inhibiting regulatory T cells, regulating effector T cell functions, and mediating macrophage immunity. However, the potential effect of Wogonin on B cells has not been fully understood. Here, our results showed that Wogonin inhibited IL-10 secretion in B cells.

Poly-functional T helper cells in human tonsillar mononuclear cells.

Tonsils are important lymphoid organs in which B cells and T cells complete their maturation and identify cells that are infected by pathogens. However, the functions of T cells in human tonsils remain unclear, especially the characteristics of polyfunctional CD4 T helper cells. In this study, we used multi-color flow cytometry to analyze the expression or co-expression of effector cytokines in CD4 T cells from tonsillar tissues.