Establishing age-group specific reference intervals of human salivary proteome and its preliminary application for epilepsy diagnosis.

Salivary proteins serve multifaceted roles in maintaining oral health and hold significant potential for diagnosing and monitoring diseases due to the non-invasive nature of saliva sampling. However, the clinical utility of current saliva biomarker studies is limited by the lack of reference intervals (RIs) to correctly interpret the testing result. Here, we developed a rapid and robust saliva proteome profiling workflow, obtaining coverage of >1,200 proteins from a 50-µL unstimulated salivary flow with 30 min gradients.

Extraction and complexation of trivalent americium and lanthanides using an asymmetric picolinic acid-derived tridentate N,O-hybrid ligand.

The extraction and complexation of trivalent americium (Am) and lanthanides (Ln) using an asymmetric picolinic acid-derived tridentate N,O-hybrid ligand, 6-(dioctylcarbamoyl)picolinic acid (DOAPA), have been studied through both experimental and theoretical methods. DOAPA exhibits effective and fast extraction of Am(III) and Ln(III). The extraction is driven by favorable enthalpy change.

Engineering aortic valves via transdifferentiating fibroblasts into valvular endothelial cells without using viruses or iPS cells.

The technology of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has enabled the conversion of somatic cells into primitive undifferentiated cells via reprogramming. This approach provides possibilities for cell replacement therapies and drug screening, but the potential risk of tumorigenesis hampers its further development and application. How to generate differentiated cells such as valvular endothelial cells (VECs) has remained a major challenge.

Association between the focus of attention and brain activation pattern during golf putting task in amateur and novice: A fNIRS study.

Purpose: External focus of attention (FOA) has been shown to improve motor performance. However, recent research has found that the effectiveness of FOA is related to the level of expertise. Therefore, this study examined the effects of FOA on putting performance in golfers of different levels of expertise.

Identification of novel T-cell epitopes on viral protein VP4 of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) that play critical roles in eliciting cellular immune response.

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly infectious RNA virus that causes severe damage to the bursa of Fabricius (BF), resulting in immunosuppression. Currently, IBDV vaccines mainly rely on the induction of neutralizing antibodies against VP2 for protection, and the role of cellular immunity against IBDV infection is unclear. Here, we show that IBDV VP4, a serine protease of the virion, is responsible for inducing specific T cell immunity against IBDV infection.

Chicken GSDME, a major pore-forming molecule responsible for RNA virus-induced pyroptosis in chicken.

Pyroptosis is an inflammatory type of programmed cell death that mainly depends on the formation of plasma membrane pores by Gasdermin D (GSDMD) in mammals. However, the genetic deficiency of GSDMD in chicken renders avian pyroptosis elusive. Here, we show that infection of DF-1 cells (a chicken cell line) with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) induced cell death associated with chicken GSDME (chGSDME) cleavage, and so did cells with other RNA virus (VSV, AIV, or NDV) infections, indicating a broad role of chGSDME in RNA virus-induced pyroptosis in chicken.

Contribution of fracture healing in paediatric DMP zone fracture patients using the pry lever technique.

Background: This study describes the efficacy of applying the prying lever technique to distal radial metaphyseal symphysis diaphysis joining region (DMP) fractures in children, and reports that the technique has an ameliorative effect on the phenomenon of delayed healing and non-union that occurs after surgery for fractures in the DMP region.

Methods: The medical records of 72 children with fractures in the DMP region, treated between December 2017 and December 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were randomly assigned to either the cut-and-displace group ( = 36) or the pry-and-lever group ( = 36).

A humanized neutralizing antibody protects against human adenovirus type 7 infection in humanized desmoglein-2 and CD46 double-receptor transgenic mice.

Background: Human adenovirus type 7 (HAdV7) has become a major public health threat due to its widespread transmission, severe associated pneumonia, and a lack of effective anti-HAdV7 drugs. The aim of the current study is to design a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) demonstrating efficacy against HAdV-7 infections in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The humanized neutralizing antibody, 3G5-hu, was derived from the murine mAb 3G5.

Gastrointestinal health and serum proteins are associated with BMD in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study.

Background: With increasing age, the social and economic burdens of postmenopausal osteoporosis are steadily increasing. This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Methods: Postmenopausal women at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from January 2023 to December 2023 were recruited for BMD examination.

Automated detection and de novo structure modeling of nucleic acids from cryo-EM maps.

Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is one of the most powerful experimental methods for macromolecular structure determination. However, accurate DNA/RNA structure modeling from cryo-EM maps is still challenging especially for protein-DNA/RNA or multi-chain DNA/RNA complexes. Here we propose a deep learning-based method for accurate de novo structure determination of DNA/RNA from cryo-EM maps at  <5 Å resolutions, which is referred to as EM2NA.

An insightful study on the reduction and extraction of neptunium assisted by molybdenum.

High-level liquid waste (HLLW) generated through nuclear reactions and spent fuel reprocessing contains the critical transuranic element neptunium (Np). Thus, the efficient recovery of Np from HLLW the TRPO (trialkylphosphine oxide) process is not only beneficial for radioactive contamination remediation but also boosts the recycling of precious nuclear resources. However, this process including Np(V)-Np(IV) conversion is highly dependent on the components coexisting in HLLW, and its underlying mechanism is still not clear, restricting the recovery of Np in multiple scenarios.

MIR194-2HG, a miRNA host gene activated by HNF4A, inhibits gastric cancer by regulating microRNA biogenesis.

Background: MicroRNA host gene (MIRHG) lncRNA is a particular lncRNA subclass that can perform both typical and atypical lncRNA functions. The biological function of MIRHG lncRNA MIR194-2HG in cancer is poorly understood.

Methods: Loss-of-function studies were performed in vivo and in vitro to reveal the biological function of MIR194-2HG in GC.

Mechanosensitive lncRNA H19 promotes chondrocyte autophagy, but not pyroptosis, by targeting miR-148a in post-traumatic osteoarthritis.

Objective: Investigating whether mechanosensitive lncRNA H19 can directly target miR-148a to alleviate cartilage damage in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA).

Methods: Thirty-two female rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham-operated group (Sham group, n = 8), treadmill running group (R group, n = 8), anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) group (ACLT group, n = 8), and ACLT + treadmill running group (ACLT + R group, n = 8). Histological evaluation was performed to observe the pathological changes in the cartilage of the rat knee.

Amino Acid Decorated Phenanthroline Diimide as Sustainable Hydrophilic Am(III) Masking Agent with High Acid Resistance.

Hydrophilic actinide masking agents are believed to be efficient alternatives to circumvent the extensive hazardous organic solvents/diluents typically employed in the liquid-liquid extraction for nuclear waste management. However, the practical application of hydrophilic ligands faces significant challenges in both synthetic/purification procedures and, more importantly, the acid resistance of the ligands themselves. Herein, we have demonstrated the combination of phenanthroline diimide framework with a biomotif of histidine flanking parts could achieve efficient separation of trivalent lanthanides/actinides (also actinides/actinides) under high acidity of over 1 M HNO.

MicroRNA-411-5p alleviates lipid deposition in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by targeting the EIF4G2/FOXO3 axis.

Background: Abnormal lipid deposition is an important driver of the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). MicroRNA-411-5p (miR-411-5p) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4γ2 (EIF4G2) are related to abnormal lipid deposition, but the specific mechanism is unknown.

Methods: A high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) and a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) and a high-fructose diet (HFrD) were used to establish MASLD rat and mouse models, respectively.

A novel role of ETV6 as a pro-viral factor in host response by inhibiting TBK1 phosphorylation.

E26-transforming specific (ETS) variant 6 (ETV6) is a transcription factor regulating the expression of interferon stimulating genes (ISGs) and involved in the embryonic development and hematopoietic regulation, but the role of ETV6 in host response to virus infection is not clear. In this study, we show that ETV6 was upregulated in DF-1 cells with poly(I:C) stimulation or IBDV, AIV and ARV infection via engagement of dsRNA by MDA5. Overexpression of ETV6 in DF-1 cells markedly inhibited IBDV-induced type I interferon (IFN-I) and ISGs expressions.

Investigating the impact of STING pathway activation on breast cancer treatment outcomes: development and validation of a prognostic model.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a significant cause of cancer-associated mortality across the globe. Current therapeutic approaches face challenges such as drug resistance and metastasis. Immune signaling is triggered by chromosomal instability (CIN) generates misplaced DNA structures that activate the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway, triggering.

Hybrid metal halide family with color-time-dual-resolved phosphorescence for multiplexed information security applications.

Luminescent materials with engineered optical properties play an important role in anti-counterfeiting and information security technology. However, conventional luminescent coding is limited by fluorescence color or intensity, and high-level multi-dimensional luminescent encryption technology remains a critically challenging goal in different scenarios. To improve the encoding capacity, we present an optical multiplexing concept by synchronously manipulating the emission color and decay lifetimes of room-temperature phosphorescence materials at molecular level.

Chloride intracellular channel 4 blockade improves cognition in mice with Alzheimer's disease: CLIC4 protein expression and tau protein hyperphosphorylation.

Numerous academic literature suggests that amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition, tau protein phosphorylation, and irreversible neuronal death are the three major causes of AD. The chloride intracellular channel (CLIC) protein family not only regulates the polarisation of neurons, but also has important implications for neuronal survival. Chloride intracellular channel 4 (CLIC4) can be pathologically activated by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), which causes a significant increase in the expression of CLIC4 and mediates neuronal apoptosis.

The use of matrine to inhibit osteosarcoma cell proliferation via the regulation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.

Background: Matrine is an alkaloid extracted from Sophorus beans of the legume family, and it has significant effects and a variety of pharmacological activities. Osteosarcoma(OS) is a common malignant bone tumor that is characterized by high incidence and rapid progression. There have been some preliminary studies on the therapeutic effect of matrine on OS, but the specific mechanism remains unclear.

ClassIIb histone deacetylase participates in perioperative neurocognitive disorders in elderly mice via HSP90/GR signaling pathway.

Objective: Multiple factors contribute to the development of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). This study was designed to investigate whether Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) was involved in the formation of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly mice by regulating the degree of acetylation of heat shock protein (HSP90) and related protein functions and quantities.

Methods: C57BL/6 J male mice were randomly divided into six groups: control naive (group Control), anesthesia (group Anesthesia), splenectomy surgery (group Surgery), splenectomy surgery plus dissolvent (group Vehicles), splenectomy surgery plus the inhibitor ACY-1215 (group Ricolinostat), and splenectomy surgery plus the inhibitor RU-486(group Mifepristone).

SiO Induces Iron Overload and Ferroptosis in Cardiomyocytes in a Silicosis Mouse Model.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in SiO -induced cardiac injury using a mouse model.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally instilled with SiO to create a silicosis model. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and deferoxamine (DFO) were used to suppress ferroptosis.