[Autodermal-monophylic plasty of postoperative ventral hernias].

In the clinic of general and urgent surgery of Kazan Medical Academy in the period 1998-2002 operations were performed on 160 patients with great and giant postoperative ventral hernias. Four variants of autodermal-monophyl plasty were used: contact suturing of the hernia defect margins with strengthening the line of sutures with a autodermal-monophyl flap, autodermal lacing, skin flap armoured with an monophyl thread, and a skin flap crimped with an monophyl thread. The results of the operative treatment were complicated by lymphorrhea in 8 patients, thromboembolism in 4 patients (with lethal outcome in 2 cases).

[Bioelectrical activity of the gastrointestinal tract in acute intestinal obstruction].

During the period of 2001-2002 in the surgical department of the Republican clinical hospital there were 72 patients with acute small bowel obstruction. In addition to generally accepted methods of diagnosing the acute intestinal obstruction including general rentgenography of organs of the abdominal cavity, radiopaque methods, ultrasound scanning of organs of the abdominal cavity, a measuring-diagnostic system (polygastroenterograph "PGEG-2001") was used which registered and processed fluctuation of biopotentials of different parts of the gastrointestinal tract and measured instantaneous values of the intracavital gastric pressure. So, a short period of time was needed to reliably determine the kind and level of obstruction.

[Electrogastroenterography in diagnosis of pyloroduodenal ulcers].

The authors propose a noval technique of computer electrogastroenterography to study motor-evacuatory gastrointestinal disorders in patients with pyloroduodenal ulcer (PDU). Bioelectrical activity of the stomach, proxymal and distal portions of the small intestine was compared in 78 patients with uncomplicated and complicated PDU. This activity was found to vary with acid-production function of the stomach, presence or absence of complications (subcompensated and decompensated pyloristenosis).

[Laparoscopic sanitation of the abdominal cavity in combined treatment of peritonitis].

Standard methods of treatment were analyzed in 228 patients with general peritonitis of different etiology: sanitation and drainage of abdominal cavity, peritoneal lavage, programmed laparotomy compared with laparoscopic sanitation (LS) performed in 60 patients. A significant decrease in the number of purulent-inflammatory complications, intestinal fistulas and broncho-pulmonary complications were seen after LS. It was most effective for treatment of peritonitis with Mannheim peritoneal index from 16 to 29 points (lethality 11.

[Device for treatment of wounds and abdominal cavity].

An original device for the wound and abdominal cavity pretreatment has been proposed. It has the following advantages: high rate of effectiveness in wound pretreatment, simplicity in usage, economical use of a washing solution. The device may be used in clinical practice for the wound and abdominal cavity cleansing.

[Physico-chemical parameters of bile in evaluating the course of an inflammatory process in the biliary tract].

Bile electric conductivity and pH were studied in dynamics in 165 patients with acute cholecystitis. The bile was obtained from drains of the gallbladder, choledochus and its terminal part and from percutaneous-transhepatic cholangiostoma. The results of the study proved that the combined changes of the mentioned physicochemical parameters of the bile are determined by the course of the inflammatory process in the biliary tract and pancreas and by the degree of hepatic functional insufficiency.

[Auto-dermal monophilic plastic surgery of ventral hernia].

To improve the results of surgical management of postoperative ventral hernias, the authors applied their suggested variant of autodermic plasty of the hernial openings. The method consists in using for the plasty a band or graft of autologous skin armored with a monophilic thread. To reduce lymphorrhea the autodermic graft was covered with a hernial sac on a pedicle.