Geographical origin authentication of instant coffee from southern Bahia using MIR and NIR spectroscopy coupled with DD-SIMCA.

This study presents an innovative approach for authenticating the geographical origin of instant coffee from Southern Bahia using vibrational spectral data coupled with Data-Driven Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (DD-SIMCA). Combining data from a benchtop mid-infrared (MIR) spectrometer and a portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer, the methodology achieved 100 % efficiency with Multiplicative Scatter Correction (MSC) and Standard Normal Variate (SNV) pre-processing, alongside offset correction for MIR data. MIR spectroscopy enabled detailed chemical composition analysis, while the portable NIR spectrometer provided cost-effective in situ capabilities.

Rational design of cyclic peptides, with an emphasis on bicyclic peptides.

Macrocyclic peptides are a promising chemotype for drug discovery, given their attractive properties of proteolytic stability, bioavailability and the ability to inhibit protein-protein interactions. Approaches to the generation of macrocyclic peptides include optimisation of hits from library screening; de novo design from known ligands and antibody paratopes or protein-protein interactions; constraint of linear peptides to afford beneficial properties of macrocycles; and novel approaches to cyclisation. We describe the recent literature and exemplify these approaches in the design of peptide macrocycles, and the benefits of incorporating computational and structure-guided approaches into compound design and optimisation.

Short-Term Storage of Collared Peccary Semen in a Transport Container at 5°C Using Different Extenders.

The advancement of short-term storage methods for collared peccary semen targets its potential application in artificial insemination programmes and for combination with cryopreservation techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of a transport container (Botutainer) for the preservation of collared peccary semen using commercial extenders (BTS, NUTRIXcell+ and PRIMXcell Ultra) as well as a TRIS + egg yolk extender. Ten ejaculates obtained by electroejaculation were diluted and stored at 5°C for 72 h.

Photosynthetic microorganisms as an alternative source of thrombolytic compounds: a systematic review.

Current conventional thrombolytic drugs have some limitations, including a short half-life, several adverse effects, low fibrin specificity, and high cost. Therefore, new thrombolytic sources have been widely investigated worldwide. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the state of the art of the thrombolytic potential of different bioactive compounds produced from microalgae and cyanobacteria.

Diet's total antioxidant capacity and women's health: systematic review and meta-analysis.

The primary causes of female mortality often involve diseases related to oxidative stress. Dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) evaluates its antioxidant content and potential health effects. This study, registered with PROSPERO (ID: CRD42024427784), explores the association between dietary TAC and women's health outcomes, including endocrine conditions with gynecological implications, obstetric outcomes, gynecological conditions, and oncological diseases related to the female reproductive system.

Ecological drivers of mercury accumulation in oceanic apex predators: A human consumption advisory.

This article provides a detailed assessment of mercury (Hg) concentrations and stable isotopes (δN & δC) in sharks and pelagic fishes of high trophic level caught in the Western Equatorial Atlantic Ocean and presents advisories for safe consumption by human populations. We found significant differences in Hg concentrations among species, with highest Hg concentrations in Isurus oxyrinchus (2173.6 ± 1521.

Abiu-do-Mato (Pouteria caimito, Sapotaceae): A promising Amazonian fruit with rich chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxic safety.

The abiu-do-mato (Pouteria caimito) is a fruit highly valued by Amazonian populations; however, its chemical composition and properties remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to fill this gap by analyzing the fruit's chemical profile and evaluating its antioxidant and cytotoxic properties. The research assessed proximate composition through physicochemical analysis, mineral content via atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays.

Computational Analysis of Intravascular OCT Images for Future Clinical Support: A Comprehensive Review.

Over the past two decades, intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) has emerged as a promising tool for planning percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), studying coronary artery disease, and assessing treatments. With its nearhistological resolution and optical contrast, IVOCT uniquely evaluates coronary plaque characteristics, enhancing the guidance of interventional procedures. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have been widely applied to IVOCT imaging, providing fast and accurate automated interpretation.

Markers of pulmonary TB in care-seeking patients with respiratory symptoms.

Setting: To appropriately triage and evaluate people with signs or symptoms of pulmonary TB, clinical, laboratory, and radiological variables, as well as biomarkers, have been prioritised to increase early detection. However, in high TB prevalence areas, few studies used standardised tools to assess both sociodemographic characteristics and accessible biomarkers comprehensively. This study aimed to describe the sociodemographic, radiographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics associated with pulmonary TB (PTB) in patients with presumed pulmonary TB (pPTB).

Lepas anatifera as a biomonitor of ocean health, ecological impacts, and cancer risk in a new frontier of exploration (Brazilian Equatorial Margin).

For the first time, a comprehensive evaluation was carried out to assess the presence of banned, restricted, and widely used permitted pesticides in Lepas anatifera, a globally distributed oceanic species. This study aims to shed light on ocean health along Brazil's equatorial margin, a region identified as a priority for future exploration. Additionally, it seeks to contribute to the understanding of the South Atlantic Ocean, a region with limited scientific studies, by evaluating the potential risks associated with the ingestion of these barnacles.

Investigating variability of craft microbreweries spent grains for classification and incorporation into precision diet formulation through multivariate analyses.

Alternative feedstuffs offer a cost-effective and sustainable option for livestock nutrition, playing a crucial role in niche market development. Brewer's spent grains (BSG), a byproduct of the expanding craft microbrewery industry, are a particularly promising feed source due to their availability and nutrient content. However, variability in BSG composition poses challenges for their effective incorporation into precision diet formulations.

Lamb Performance and Meat Quality: The Impact of Chromium in High-Concentrate Diets and Its Molecular Effects on Skeletal Muscle During Finishing Phase.

Chromium is an essential trace mineral in insulin-mediated glucose metabolism, potentially affecting protein synthesis and improving performance and meat quality. This study aimed to assess the impact of chromium on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and the gene expression in the skeletal muscle of lambs fed a high-concentrate diet. Sixteen just just-weaned Dorper × Santa Inês crossbred lambs, weighing 24.

Does multimodal exercise reduce C-reactive protein levels in major depressive disorder? Preliminary results from a randomized controlled trial.

This randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the adjunctive effects of an affect-based, supervised, multimodal, online, and home-based exercise intervention on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and depressive symptoms by comparing it to pharmacotherapy alone (antidepressants) over a 12-week period. The study specifically focused on CRP levels and their association with depression outcomes. Depressive symptoms and blood samples were assessed before (baseline - t0), during (Week 5 - t1), and at end of treatment (Week 12 - t2).

I Brazilian guideline on hypertension in dialysis of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology.

Hypertension in dialysis patients (HTND) has a high prevalence, affecting at least 80% or more of patients, and its management in the nephrology practice is heterogeneous and often empirical. Knowing how to define, understand the pathophysiology, diagnose, monitor and treat with lifestyle changes, and adjust antihypertensive drugs to achieve the recommended blood pressure (BP) target - to reduce morbidity and mortality - requires specific knowl-edge and approaches within the contexts of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD). This document is the first guideline of the Brazilian Society of Nephrology, developed by the departments of Hypertension and Dialysis.

125 years of the plague in Brazil: lessons learnt, historical insights and contemporary challenges.

The history of the plague, caused by Yersinia pestis, is marked by some of the most devastating pandemics. Its arrival in Brazil on the turn of the 19-20th century led to significant public health challenges and responses. Here, we discuss a comprehensive perspective on the history of the plague in Brazil, emphasising epidemiological trends, public health responses and scientific advances.

Enhancing Process Control and Quality in Amorphous Solid Dispersions Using In-Line UV-Vis Monitoring of L* as a Real-Time Response.

This study demonstrates the application of the sequential design of experiments (DoE) approach within the quality by design (QbD) framework to optimize extrusion processes through screening, optimization, and robustness testing. An in-line UV-Vis process analytical technology (PAT) system was successfully employed to monitor critical quality attributes (CQAs) of piroxicam amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) extrusion products, specifically lightness (L*). L* measurement proved highly effective for ensuring the quality and uniformity of ASDs, offering real-time insights into their physical appearance and process stability.

Pigment Production by sp.: Extract Production, Cytotoxicity Activity, and Diketopiperazines Identified.

Filamentous fungi are among the most commonly used microorganisms for producing various metabolites including dyes. Ensuring the safety of products derived from microorganisms is always essential. In this study, the isolated fungus was identified as sp.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Common Mental Disorders and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Healthcare Workers in a Reference Center for Infectious Diseases During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

A cross-sectional survey conducted between July and September 2020 and August and September 2021 estimated the prevalence and predictors of common mental disorders (CMDs) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among healthcare workers (HCWs) at an infectious disease referral center during the COVID-19 pandemic. CMDs were assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and PTSD using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Multivariate logistic regressions identified predictors of CMD and PTSD.

Clinicopathological Analysis of Oral Paracoccidioidomycosis in Women.

Unlabelled: Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a deep systemic mycosis caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. PCM affects predominantly men in their fifth and sixth decades of life, with low prevalence in women. The reasons for this discrepancy are not fully understood, but oestrogen may influence the transformation of the fungus and modulate the immune response.

A Review of the Biotechnological Potential of Cave Fungi: A Toolbox for the Future.

The study of the intersection between biodiversity and biotechnology has revealed a rich source of innovations. Fungi, with their vast range of morphologies and lifestyles, thrive in various habitats, including caves. With impressive metabolic characteristics, they play a key role in producing essential biotechnological compounds for various economic sectors.

Chemical analysis and biological activity of crude extracts obtained from leaves of (Subg. ) and (Subg. Decaloba).

The state of Bahia is an important producer of passion fruit, as well as emerging on the Brazilian national scene as a centre of origin and diversity of passionflowers. We aimed to identify bioactive compounds from and . It was possible to identify three flavonoids in and 8 molecules in using the HPLC-MS/MS technique.

NMR-based metabolomics and pathway analysis of leaves and fruits of Cucumis melo L. cultivated under saline stress conditions.

The consumption of healthy food has become increasingly present and eating fresh, quality fruit is part of this trend. Nevertheless, the scarcity of fresh water and the increasing demand for food have been driving the search for more sustainable agricultural practices worldwide. In this context, cultivation with lower-quality water, characterized by a high concentration of salts, emerges as alternative to enhance water use efficiency and ensure food security in regions prone to water scarcity.

Accelerated aging of Brazilian sugarcane spirit: Impact of wood chips reuse on the phenolic and volatile profile of the beverage.

The study investigated the impact of reusing wood chips in the maturation of sugarcane spirits on the chemical profile (non-volatile and volatile) of the bevarage. Chips of oak (Quercus sp.), amburana (Amburana cearensis), and chestnut (Bertholletia excelsa) were used in two maturation cycles.

Malícia honey ( L.) produced by the jandaíra bee ( D.) shows antioxidant activity via phenolic compound action in obese rats.

Background And Aims: Obesity is a disease associated with increased oxidative stress in humans and animals, and consumption of antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols can minimise it. These compounds are abundant in malícia ( L.) honey produced by stingless bees.

Immediate Impact of Assisted Autogenic Drainage on Diaphragmatic Function: A Case Report.

Background And Purpose: Assisted Autogenic Drainage (AAD) is suggested as a promising technique for effective secretion removal, especially in non-cooperative patients, including infants. However, there is a scarcity regarding the effects of AAD on diaphragmatic function. This study aimed to evaluate the immediate effect of the AAD technique on diaphragmatic function in a healthy infant.