Health-related quality of life in patients receiving first-line eribulin mesylate with or without trastuzumab for locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer.

Background: Eribulin mesylate is a nontaxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor approved for second-line (European Union) or third-line (United States) treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Two phase 2 single trials, evaluating first-line eribulin as monotherapy (Study 206; NCT01268150) or in combination with trastuzumab (Study 208; NCT01269346) in locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, demonstrated objective response rates of 28.6 and 71.

Biological responses of ultrafine grained pure titanium and their sand blasted surfaces.

The use of materials as implants has become vital for determining optimal product design to enhance the needs of usage and longevity in body. Ultrafine grained pure titanium offers advanced mechanical properties for medical applications for most adequate materials meso/micro scaled dental implants. Besides advanced mechanical properties, increased surface properties also offers enhance biocompatibility.

Effects of Malnutrition on Neutrophil/Mononuclear Cell Apoptotic Functions in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background: Recent studies claim that apoptosis may explain immune dysfunction observed in malnutrition.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of malnutrition on apoptotic functions of phagocytic cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight ALL patients (13 with malnutrition) and thirty controls were enrolled.

Clinical effects of prior trastuzumab on combination eribulin mesylate plus trastuzumab as first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer: results from a Phase II, single-arm, multicenter study.

Eribulin mesylate, a novel nontaxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor in the halichondrin class of antineoplastic drugs, is indicated for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer who previously received ≥2 chemotherapy regimens in the metastatic setting. Primary data from a Phase II trial for the first-line combination of eribulin plus trastuzumab in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive patients showed a 71% objective response rate and tolerability consistent with the known profile of these agents. Here, we present prespecified analyses of efficacy of this combination based on prior trastuzumab use.

mTOR is a fine tuning molecule in CDK inhibitors-induced distinct cell death mechanisms via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis in prostate cancer cells.

Purvalanol and roscovitine are cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors that induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cells. We further hypothesized that co-treatment of CDK inhibitors with rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, would be an effective combinatory strategy for the inhibition of prostate cancer regard to androgen receptor (AR) status due to inhibition of proliferative pathway, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and induction of cell death mechanisms. Androgen responsive (AR+), PTEN(-/-) LNCaP and androgen independent (AR-), PTEN(+/-) DU145 prostate cancer cells were exposed to purvalanol (20 µM) and roscovitine (30 µM) with or without rapamycin for 24 h.

Pooled analyses of eribulin in metastatic breast cancer patients with at least one prior chemotherapy.

Background: Based on data from two multicenter, phase III clinical trials (Studies 301 and 305), eribulin (a microtubule dynamics inhibitor) is indicated in the European Union (EU) for patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) after ≥1 prior chemotherapy for advanced disease, including an anthracycline and a taxane in either the adjuvant or metastatic setting. Data from Studies 305 and 301 were pooled to investigate the efficacy of eribulin in various subgroups of patients who matched the EU label, including those with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative and triple-negative disease.

Patients And Methods: In Study 305 (NCT00388726), patients were randomized 2:1 to eribulin mesylate 1.

The inhibition of PI3K and NFκB promoted curcumin-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M via altering polyamine metabolism in Bcl-2 overexpressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Bcl-2 protein has been contributed with number of genes which are involved in oncogenesis. Among the many targets of Bcl-2, NFκB have potential role in induction of cell cycle arrest. Curcumin has potential therapeutic effects against breast cancer through multiple signaling pathways.

Safety and tolerability of eribulin mesylate in patients with pretreated metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: The safety and tolerability of eribulin mesylate for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) are examined.

Methods: This retrospective analysis used pooled safety and tolerability data from three Phase II trials and one Phase III trial of eribulin in patients with MBC. In these studies, patients with pretreated MBC received eribulin mesylate 1.

Phase II, Multicenter, Single-Arm, Feasibility Study of Eribulin Combined With Capecitabine for Adjuvant Treatment in Estrogen Receptor-Positive, Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Background: The present phase II, open-label, multicenter study explored the feasibility, safety, and tolerability of eribulin, a novel non-taxane microtubule inhibitor, plus capecitabine as adjuvant therapy.

Patients And Methods: Postmenopausal women with early-stage, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer received four 21-day cycles of treatment with eribulin mesylate (1.4 mg/m(2) intravenously on days 1 and 8 of each cycle) combined with capecitabine (900 mg/m(2) orally twice daily on days 1-14 of each cycle [standard schedule] or 1500 mg orally twice daily using a 7-days on/7-days off schedule [weekly schedule]).

Impact of prior anthracycline or taxane use on eribulin effectiveness as first-line treatment for metastatic breast cancer: results from two phase 2, multicenter, single-arm studies.

Eribulin mesylate has efficacy in patients who have received ≥2 prior chemotherapies for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) including an anthracycline and taxane. Phase 2 trials showed clinical activity and acceptable tolerability of first-line eribulin (HER2- MBC; Study 206) and eribulin plus trastuzumab (HER2+ MBC; Study 208). Prespecified analyses evaluated efficacy by prior anthracycline and/or taxane use.

Inhibition of PI3K signaling triggered apoptotic potential of curcumin which is hindered by Bcl-2 through activation of autophagy in MCF-7 cells.

Curcumin is a natural anti-cancer agent derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa). Curcumin triggers intrinsic apoptotic cell death by activating mitochondrial permeabilization due to the altered expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members. Phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt, key molecular players in the survival mechanism, have been shown to be associated with the Bcl-2 signaling cascade; therefore, evaluating the therapeutic efficiency of drugs that target both survival and the apoptosis mechanism has gained importance in cancer therapy.

Post hoc analysis of the relationship between baseline white blood cell count and survival outcome in a randomized Phase III trial of decitabine in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: In a Phase III trial, 485 patients (≥65 years) with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia received decitabine 20 mg/m(2) intravenously for 5 days every 4 weeks or a treatment choice (supportive care or cytarabine 20 mg/m(2) subcutaneously for 10 days every 4 weeks).

Materials And Methods: We summarized overall and progression-free survival by baseline white blood cell count using two analyses: <1, 1-5, >5×10(9)/L; ≤10 or >10×10(9)/L.

Results: There were 446 deaths (treatment choice, n=227; decitabine, n=219).

Phase 2, multicenter, single-arm study of eribulin mesylate with trastuzumab as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess efficacy and safety of eribulin with trastuzumab as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic HER2+ breast cancer.

Patients And Methods: In this multicenter, phase II, single-arm study, patients with recurrent or metastatic HER2+ breast cancer received eribulin mesylate at 1.4 mg/m(2) intravenously (I.

Phase 2 study of eribulin mesylate as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer.

Eribulin mesylate, a novel non-taxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor, is approved for treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in patients who have previously received at least 2 chemotherapeutic regimens for MBC that should have included an anthracycline and a taxane in the adjuvant or metastatic setting. This phase 2 study evaluated efficacy and safety of eribulin as first-line therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative) MBC. Patients with measurable HER2-negative locally recurrent breast cancer or MBC with ≥12 months since prior neoadjuvant or adjuvant (neo/adjuvant) chemotherapy received eribulin mesylate 1.

Relationship between baseline white blood cell count and renal and hepatic function in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: In a phase III trial, older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (N=485) received decitabine or treatment choice (supportive care or cytarabine). This post hoc analysis examined whether baseline renal and hepatic function and white blood cell (WBC) counts predicted response.

Methods: Baseline WBCs and renal and liver function markers were tabulated for responders/nonresponders.

Multivariate and subgroup analyses of a randomized, multinational, phase 3 trial of decitabine vs treatment choice of supportive care or cytarabine in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia and poor- or intermediate-risk cytogenetics.

Background: Compared with younger patients, older adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) generally have poorer survival outcomes and less benefit from clinical trials. A recent phase 3 trial demonstrated a trend toward improved overall survival (OS) with decitabine, a hypomethylating agent, compared with treatment choice of either cytarabine or supportive care (7.7 months, 95% CI: 6.

A post hoc sensitivity analysis of survival probabilities in a multinational phase III trial of decitabine in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: In a multicenter, randomized, open-label phase III study, patients ≥ 65 years with newly diagnosed AML received decitabine 20 mg/m(2) once daily for 5 days every 4 weeks (n = 242) or treatment choice (supportive care or cytarabine 20 mg/m(2) once daily for 10 days every 4 weeks; n = 243). Decitabine use demonstrated greater response rates (P = .001) and OS data favored decitabine.

Accuracy of imaging-guided biopsy in diagnosis of malignancy versus infection.

Aims: Imaging-guided biopsies obtain samples for pathologic testing in addition to therapeutic interventions in patients with cancer. Our aim was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of percutaneous biopsies of pediatric solid tumors and infectious complications of cancer treatment.

Materials And Methods: This study was performed by gathering pediatric oncology patients between 1998 and 2008.

Role of melatonin and luzindole in rat mammary cancer.

Background: Recent studies have analyzed the efficacy of various agents in experimental chemoprevention trials. In our study, the effects of melatonin (Mel) and its antagonist Luzindole (Luz) on Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a NMU (N-methyl-N-nitrosourea)-induced rat mammary carcinoma model are investigated. We aim to demonstrate the relationship between Mel and HO-1.

Effects of malnutrition on oxidative burst functions and infection episodes in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of malnutrition on oxidative burst functions (OBF) of neutrophils in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Materials And Methods: Twenty-eight patients with ALL and thirty healthy controls were enrolled to the study. Thirteen patients with ALL were found to have malnutrition.

Biologic tumor behavior in pilocytic astrocytomas.

Purpose: The aim is to describe the behavior of pilocytic astrocytoma (PAs) and its effects on patient prognosis by using flow cytometric, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic methods. We also aim to find out whether there is any difference between differently localized tumors by the above mentioned analyses.

Methods: We studied DNA index, expression of p53, p16, pRb, MMAC/PTEN1, VEGF, MIB-1 index and chromosomal anomalies which can be detected by array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) technique.