The study identified and characterized a new Toll-like receptor (HcTLRn) in the freshwater pearl mussel H. cumingii, which is crucial for detecting and defending against pathogens in innate immunity.
HcTLRn consists of 3725 bp and encodes a protein with 718 amino acids featuring several functional domains that are important for its role in immune response.
The receptor's expression increases in response to various microbial stimuli, and it influences the activation of important immune pathways, particularly the NF-κB signaling pathway, highlighting its significance in the mussel's immune system.