Atrial Fibrillation (AF) and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF): Advances and Challenges.

This state-of-the-art review is based on the Philippe Coumel Lecture in 2024 (Figure 1). It highlights the confluence of two major cardiovascular epidemics, atrial fibrillation and heart failure, with preserved ejection fraction. In these conditions, advances in electrophysiology and heart failure physiology are intertwined and are integrated in this review.

Physiological Ventricular Pacing from the Right Side of the Septum by Engaging the Subendocardial Purkinje Network.

Right ventricular (RV) pacing, particularly from the RV apex, causes bilateral ventricular dyssynchrony, reducing systolic and diastolic function, by delayed activation of the lateral left ventricle, resulting in a wide QRS with a left bundle branch block (LBBB) morphology. Alternative pacing strategies, such as His-bundle pacing and LBB area pacing, tend to be more physiological, avoiding this problem. The feasibility of attaining a narrow paced QRS from the RV septum has not been methodically examined.

Comparison of Electrocardiogram Characteristics of Two Commercially Available Implantable Loop Monitors: Impact of These Characteristics in the Correct Adjudication of Recorded Events and Minimized Undersensing and Oversensing of Events.

Implantable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are useful in the detection of tachycardias, bradycardias, and atrial fibrillation. Undersensing and oversensing of events occur despite complex algorithms. The devices available have subtle differences, which may account for a difference in recorded characteristics.

Physiological Pacing: Historical Review With an Eye to the Future.

This review provides a history of physiological pacing from inception to current practice and into the future. This review stems from personal experience and is not formally systematic. Physiological cardiac pacing is covered from 1960s to date.

A Case of Incidental Left Ventricular Aneurysm.

Post MI left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) may be incidental, yet it presents potential risks such as heart failure, arrhythmias, thromboembolism. Monitoring and vigilant follow-up are essential to promptly identify LVA in patients with risk factors.

Coexisting Variant and the Anomalous Origin of the Right Coronary Artery Presenting with Recurrent Ventricular Tachycardia.

A 49-year-old woman presented with recurrent palpitations and presyncope. Monitoring revealed recurrent non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes. Cardiac catheterization showed the right coronary artery originating from the left coronary cusp.

Evaluation of oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of copper and flubendiamide: amelioration by antioxidants in vivo and in vitro.

Present study was designed to evaluate toxic effects of copper (Cu) (@ 33 mg/kg b.wt.) and flubendimide (Flb) (@ 200 mg/kg b.

Salter-Harris Type 2 Injury of the Proximal Tibial Epiphysis in a 15-year-old Athlete: A Rare Case Report.

Background: Proximal tibial epiphyseal injuries in adolescents are uncommon accounting to 0.5 to 3 % of all epiphyseal injuries. Although rare, the proximity of popliteal artery puts this region at an increased risk of vascular injury and compartment syndrome.

Management of Adolescent Three-Part Lateral Triplane Ankle Fracture with Ipsilateral Shaft of Tibia Fracture and Intact Fibula in COVID Pandemic: A Case Report with Review of Literature.

Introduction: Triplane fracture of ankle is a rare adolescent injury. Its association with ipsilateral tibial shaft fracture is very uncommon in pediatric orthopedic traumatology and rarely reported in the literature till date. Timely diagnosis and management is required to optimize the outcome and avoid complications.

Coronary vasospasm complicating atrial fibrillation ablation: a case report and review of the literature.

Radiofrequency ablation is one of the alternative treatment strategies in patients with atrial fibrillation. With the increasing number of such ablation procedures being performed it is important for the physicians to be aware of the associated complications. We present a very rare case of severe triple coronary vessel spasm during radiofrequency catheter ablation.

In vitro and in vivo effects of flubendiamide and copper on cyto-genotoxicity, oxidative stress and spleen histology of rats and its modulation by resveratrol, catechin, curcumin and α-tocopherol.

Background: Living organisms are frequently exposed to more than one xenobiotic at a time either by ingestion of contaminated food/fodder or due to house-hold practices, occupational hazards or through environment. These xenobiotics interact individually or in combination with biological systems and act as carcinogen or produce other toxic effects including reproductive and degenerative diseases. Present study was aimed to investigate the cyto-genotoxic effects of flubendiamide and copper and ameliorative potential of certain natural phyotconstituent antioxidants.

Mercury affects uterine myogenic activity even without producing any apparent toxicity in rats: Involvement of calcium-signaling cascades.

Background: Mercury is an established environmental toxicant reported to cause reproductive disorders in women, however, its direct action on myometrial activity is yet to be understood. Earlier we have reported the underlying mechanism of mercury-induced myometrial contractions following in vitro exposure; however, no such information on the effect of mercury on myometrial activity following in vivo exposure is available, therefore, the present study was undertaken.

Objective: Present study was designed to evaluate the effect of mercury on myometrial activity following in vivo exposure of rats and unravel the possible underlying mechanism.

Calcium Channels, Rho-Kinase, Protein Kinase-C, and Phospholipase-C Pathways Mediate Mercury Chloride-Induced Myometrial Contractions in Rats.

Adverse effects of mercury on female reproduction are reported; however, its effect on myogenic activity of uterus and mechanism thereof is obscure. Present study was undertaken to unravel the mechanistic pathways of mercuric chloride (HgCl)-induced myometrial contraction in rats. Isometric tension in myometrial strips of rats following in vitro exposure to HgCl was recorded using data acquisition system-based physiograph.

Effect of dietary supplementation of sea buckthorn and giloe leaf meal on the body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, biochemical attributes, and meat composition of turkey poults.

Aim: In the recent past, few studies have been carried out about sea buckthorn (SBT) and giloe in chicken as a part of the quest for suitable alternatives to antibiotics. However, studies in turkeys are lacking. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of SBT and giloe leaf meal by dietary feed supplementation in turkey poults.

Eucalyptus robusta leaves methanolic extract suppresses inflammatory mediators by specifically targeting TLR4/TLR9, MPO, COX2, iNOS and inflammatory cytokines in experimentally-induced endometritis in rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bacterial endometritis is one of the major causes of reproductive disorders including infertility in farm animals. Antibiotics are generally used for treatment of such disorders but now a days residues of antibiotics are of great public health concern, therefore, phytoremediation is being considered as an alternative to use of antibiotics.

Aim Of The Study: Present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of Eucalyptus robusta leaves methanolic extract against endometritis along with the possible mechanism of action especially targeting inflammatory biomarkers.

Ameliorative potential of α-tocopherol against flubendiamide and copper-induced testicular-insult in Wistar rats.

Study was undertaken to evaluate ameliorative potential of α-tocopherol against copper sulphate and flubendiamide alone and in combination-induced toxicity in rats following 90 days exposure. Absolute and relative organ weights did not differ between treatments groups. Increase of LPO in copper and flubendiamide intoxicated rats but modest increase in copper + flubendiamide group.

Proximate and elemental analyses of Tinospora cordifolia stem.

Tinospora cordifolia also known as Giloy or Guduchi, is an indigenous climber plant indigenous to tropical areas of India, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. Its stem is used for treatment of fever, jaundice, emaciation, skin ailments, diabetes, anaemia and various infectious diseases. The study was undertaken to evaluate the proximate and elemental analysis of the stems of Tinospora cordifolia.

Environmental attributes to respiratory diseases of small ruminants.

Respiratory diseases are the major disease crisis in small ruminants. A number of pathogenic microorganisms have been implicated in the development of respiratory disease but the importance of environmental factors in the initiation and progress of disease can never be overemphasized. They irritate the respiratory tree producing stress in the microenvironment causing a decline in the immune status of the small ruminants and thereby assisting bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections to break down the tissue defense barriers.

Differential modulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in rats following single and concurrent exposure to chlorpyrifos, arsenic, and ascorbic acid.

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the subacute toxicity of arsenic (As) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) alone or in combination. In addition, the ameliorative effect of ascorbic acid on As and/or CPF-induced hepatic microsomal xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rats was examined. Rats were divided into 9 groups of 6 animals each: control (deionized water), vehicle control (groundnut oil), ascorbic acid (100 mg/kg body weight), As (40 ppm in water), CPF (5 mg/kg body weight), As (40 ppm) + CPF (5 mg/kg body weight), As + ascorbic acid, CPF + ascorbic acid, and As + CPF + ascorbic acid.

Nursing staff's awareness of keeping beds in the lowest position to prevent falls and fall injuries in an adult acute surgical inpatient care setting.

High beds are a safety concern. This qualitative study used pre-existing nurse interview data and confirmed nurses' awareness of the importance of keeping patient beds in the lowest position. Lowering the bed helps promote patient safety and prevent falls.

How feasible was a bed-height alert system?

This qualitative and descriptive study examined the feasibility of a bed-height alert system as a fall-prevention strategy. The alpha prototype was developed to measure and record bed height, and to remind staff to keep patient beds in the lowest position. This pilot project was conducted in a 52-bed adult acute surgical inpatient care unit of a Michigan community hospital.