Dual-channel nano-carbon-liquid/liquid junction electrodes for multi-modal analysis: redox-active (dopamine) and non-redox-active (acetylcholine).

We present here a dual-channel nanoelectrode to detect both redox-active and non-redox-active analytes. The dual-channel nanoelectrode was developed from theta nanopipette. We developed one channel of the theta nanopipette to be a carbon nanoelectrode and the other channel to be a nano interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (nanoITIES) electrode, producing a nano-carbon-ITIES platform.

Biogenic amine tryptamine in human vaginal probiotic isolates mediates matrix inhibition and thwarts uropathogenic E. coli biofilm.

Probiotics offer a promising prophylactic approach against various pathogens and represent an alternative strategy to combat biofilm-related infections. In this study, we isolated vaginal commensal microbiota from 54 healthy Indian women to investigate their probiotic traits. We primarily explored the ability of cell-free supernatant (CFS) from Lactobacilli to prevent Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) colonization and biofilm formation.

Comparing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Direct Digital and Conventional Intraoral Peri-apical Radiographs in Identifying Interdental Bone Loss: An Observational Study.

The evaluation of conventional two-dimensional radiography is crucial in making the diagnosis of periodontitis. Radio-visiography (RVG) is one of the digital imaging modalities that have received significant recognition as a replacement for film-based radiography due to its improved image quality, quick turnaround time, and minimal radiation dose. In order to compare the diagnostic efficacy of Direct Digital and Conventional Intraoral Peri-apical Radiographs in identifying Interdental Bone Loss, the present investigation was carried out.

Clinico-Radiological Perspectives of Pycnodysostosis - A Rare Case Series.

Pycnodysostosis is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by dysplasia of the skeletal system. It occurs in any human races with no disparity in gender or age predilection. The disease is diagnosed at a young age owing to the frequent fragile bone fractures.

The burden of dengue and force of infection among children in Kerala, India; seroprevalence estimates from Government of Kerala-WHO Dengue study.

Background: Dengue shows high geographic heterogeneity within and across endemic countries. In the context of increasing burden and predicted outbreaks due to climate change, understanding the heterogeneity will enable us to develop region specific targeted interventions, including vaccination. World Health Organisation (WHO) suggests standard methodologies to study the burden and heterogeneity at national and subnational levels.

Lipotoxicity, ER Stress, and Cardiovascular Disease: Current Understanding and Future Directions.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a sub-cellular organelle that is responsible for the correct folding of proteins, lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, and various post-translational modifications. In the disturbance of ER functioning, unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate inside the ER lumen and initiate downstream signaling called unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR signaling pathway is involved in lipolysis, triacylglycerol synthesis, lipogenesis, the mevalonate pathway, and low-density lipoprotein receptor recycling.

Assessment of Serum Fucose Level among Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Serum glycoproteins, which are made up of various monosaccharides, are altered in malignancy, a disorder of cellular conduct. L-fucose, a methyl pentose that serves as the last sugar in the majority of plasma glycoproteins, is one of the monosaccharides. Numerous illness conditions and cancers have been linked to increased levels of protein-bound fucose.

Synergies of WO and CoO intercalated ball milling exfoliated graphene 3D helix electrocatalyst: A highly sensitive electrochemical detection of mesotrione herbicide in vegetable samples.

In the booming global population, monitoring of mesotrione (MTN) like agricultural pollutants is crucial for human safety. Herein, the research reports the synthesis of tungsten trioxide (WO) and cobalt oxide (CoO) nanostructures intercalated ball milling exfoliated graphene (WO/CoO/graphene) 3D helix electrocatalyst for the electrochemical detection of MTN herbicide. The proposed WO/CoO/graphene sensor material achieved a wide range of MTN detection from 0.

Enhancing catalytic activity through the construction of praseodymium tungstate decorated on hierarchical three-dimensional porous biocarbon for determination of furazolidone in aquatic samples.

Boosting catalytic performance as a vital role for an electrochemical sensor for monitoring various hazardous nitro drugs. Herein, an inexpensive, facile, and eco-friendly construction of praseodymium tungstate decorated on three dimensional porous biocarbon (PrW/3D-PBC) for electrochemical determination of carcinogenic residue furazolidone (FZ). The nanostructured PrW nanoparticles were prepared by solvent evaporation from peroxo-tungstic acid and 3D-PBC was prepared from biomass precursor under the carbonization method.

Modelling the propagation of infectious disease via transportation networks.

The dynamics of human mobility have been known to play a critical role in the spread of infectious diseases like COVID-19. In this paper, we present a simple compact way to model the transmission of infectious disease through transportation networks using widely available aggregate mobility data in the form of a zone-level origin-destination (OD) travel flow matrix. A key feature of our model is that it not only captures the propagation of infection via direct connections between zones (first-order effects) as in most existing studies but also transmission effects that are due to subsequent interactions in the remainder of the system (higher-order effects).

Interface between Two Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions Electrodes for Chemical Analysis.

The interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) plays vital roles in various fields, such as neuroscience, environmental science, analytical chemistry, separation, catalysis, and nanoparticle synthesis. ITIES emerges as a unique approach in chemical analysis due to its sensitivity to both redox-active and redox-inactive analytes. Neurotransmitters, metal ions, drug molecules, and other complex molecules such as proteins have been detected using ITIES.

Self assembled three dimensional β-CuVO hierarchical flower decorated porous carbon: An efficient electrocatalyst for flutamide detection in biological and environmental samples.

The serious situation mandates the use of anticancer drugs, which protect people all over the world from the growth of prostate cancer. In particular, excessive dosage and erroneous discharge of flutamide concentration cause make environmental pollution on the surface of the wastewater. In this study, the highly sensitive and selective electrochemical approach based on copper vanadium oxide decorated porous carbon (denoted as β-CuVO/PC) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed and it was applied for sensitive detection of anticancer drug flutamide (FTM).

"Association of MTHFR and MS/MTR gene polymorphisms with congenital heart defects in North Indian population (Jammu and Kashmir): a case-control study encompassing meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis".

Background: The risk of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) is greatly influenced by variants within the genes involved in folate-homocysteine metabolism. Polymorphism in MTHFR (C677T and G1793A) and MS/MTR (A2756G) genes increases the risk of developing CHD risk, but results are controversial. Therefore, we conducted a case-control association pilot study followed by an up-dated meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA) to obtain more precise estimate of the associations of these two gene variants with the CHD risk.

An outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis food poisoning following consumption of chicken shawarma: A brief epidemiological investigation.

Background: Shawarma, a popular meat-based fast food could be a source of foodborne outbreak due to non-typhoidal (NTS). A clustering of acute gastrointestinal (GI) illness following intake of chicken shawarma occurred primarily among the staff and students of a tertiary care hospital in southern India.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 348 undergraduate medical students (33 cases, 315 controls).

Raspberry-like CuWO hollow spheres anchored on sulfur-doped g-CN composite: An efficient electrocatalyst for selective electrochemical detection of antibiotic drug nitrofurazone.

We report a highly selective and sensitive electrochemical sensor for the determination of nitrofurazone (NZ) based on sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride with copper tungstate hollow spheres (Sg-CN/CuWO). Here, a Sg-CN/CuWO composite was synthesized by a facile ultrasonic method. The physicochemical properties of the composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Detection of Acetylcholine at Nanoscale NPOE/Water Liquid/Liquid Interface Electrodes.

The interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) has become a very powerful analytical platform for sensing a diverse range of chemicals (e.g., metal ions and neurotransmitters) with the advantage of being able to detect non-redox electroactive species.

Molecular toxicity of Benzo(a)pyrene mediated by elicited oxidative stress infer skeletal deformities and apoptosis in embryonic zebrafish.

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) has become an integral component of disposed of plastic waste, organic pollutants, and remnants of combustible materials in the aquatic environment due to their persistent nature. The accumulation and integration of these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have raised concern to human health and ecological safety. This study assessed the BaP-induced in vivo molecular toxicity with embryonic zebrafish inferred by oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Genomic and Molecular Perspectives of Host-pathogen Interaction and Resistance Strategies against White Rust in Oilseed Mustard.

Oilseed brassicas stand as the second most valuable source of vegetable oil and the third most traded one across the globe. However, the yield can be severely affected by infections caused by phytopathogens. White rust is a major oomycete disease of oilseed brassicas resulting in up to 60% yield loss globally.

Assessment of otolith function using vestibular evoked myogenic potential in women during pregnancy.

Introduction: More than 50% of pregnant women experience dizziness frequently in the first two gestational trimesters. During pregnancy, the changes in the metabolism of hormones are responsible for the ovarian cycle resulting in either peripheral or central vestibular alterations. The need for the study is to focus on the effect of changes during pregnancy on the vestibular evoked myogenic potential, an electrophysiological measure that investigates functions of the otolith structures.

Randomised Comparison between the Efficacy of Two Doses of Nebulised Dexmedetomidine for Premedication in Paediatric Patients.

Objective: Nebulised dexmedetomidine can be an easy alternative for preoperative sedation in paediatric patients, but data regarding its efficacy are very limited.

Methods: This prospective, randomised, double-blind study included 66 patients aged between 1 and 8 years. Patients were divided into two groups as D2 and D3.

Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology- An Experience from Western Indian Population.

Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be challenging to provide a precise diagnosis in salivary gland cytopathology due to diversity of lesions and cytomorphological convergence between the tumors and within the same tumor of salivary gland. The recently proposed Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytopathology (MSRSGC) provides a risk stratification-based classification system with an intrinsic risk of malignancy (ROM) for each diagnostic category, which aims to furnish useful information to the clinicians. This study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic utility and validity of MSRSGC.

Drugs Targeting Epigenetic Modifications and Plausible Therapeutic Strategies Against Colorectal Cancer.

Genetic variations along with epigenetic modifications of DNA are involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. CRC is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Initiation and progression of CRC is the cumulation of a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes in colonic epithelial cells.