The integration of artificial intelligence in medical imaging practice: Perspectives of African radiographers.

Introduction: The current technological developments in medical imaging are centred largely on the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into all equipment modalities. This survey assessed the perspectives of African radiographers on the integration of AI in medical imaging in order to offer unique recommendations to support the training of the radiography workforce.

Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional online survey of radiographers working within Africa was conducted from March to August 2020.

Solid-lipid nanoparticle formulation improves antiseizure action of cryptolepine.

Following the high treatment gap and massive impact of epilepsy on global health particularly in low- and middle-income countries, our study aims to investigate cryptolepine, the major alkaloid of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta as well as its solid-lipid nanoparticle formulation for potential antiseizure activity. Cryptolepine was isolated and a solid-lipid formulation was prepared. Antiseizure activity of Solid-Lipid Nanoparticle formulation of cryptolepine (SLN-CRYP) was investigated using Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced model of seizure-like behaviors in Zebrafish with 2.

ISPD guidelines for peritoneal dialysis in acute kidney injury: 2020 Update (paediatrics).

1.1 Peritoneal dialysis is a suitable renal replacement therapy modality for treatment of acute kidney injury in children. ()2.

Colonization After Discharge to a Community Setting: New York City, 2017-2019.

Background: Patients colonized with multidrug-resistant and discharged to a community setting can subsequently seek care in a different healthcare facility and might be a source of nosocomial transmission of .

Methods: We designed a case management pilot program for a cohort of New York City residents who had a history of positive culture identified during clinical or screening activities in healthcare settings and discharged to a community setting during 2017-2019. Approximately every 3 months, case managers coordinated colonization assessments, which included swabs of groin, axilla, and body sites yielding previously.

Adaptation, restoration and collapse of anammox process to La(III) stress: Performance, microbial community, metabolic function and network analysis.

During the mining of rare earth mineral, the use of lanthanum-containing fertilizers, and the disposal of lanthanum-containing electronic products, the content of lanthanum (La(III)) in typical ammonia wastewater with low carbon to nitrogen ratio is increasing day by day. Here, effects of La(III) on anammox process in performance, microbial community structure, metabolic function, and microbial co-occurrence network were investigated. The results shown that the nitrogen removal efficiency was declines briefly and then gradually recovers after low dosage (1-5 mg/L) La(III) treatment and the decrease to low level (24.

Unveiling the active isomer of cycloalanopine, a cyclic opine from LS8, through synthesis and analog production.

Opines are widely distributed natural products formed by the reductive condensation of amino acids with α-keto acids or carbonyls of carbohydrates. They have important biological roles in bacteria, higher plants, fungi, invertebrates and mammals, including humans. An unusual cyclic opine of undefined stereochemistry, cycloalanopine, was previously isolated from LS8 and reported to have antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Exploration of Ghanaian radiographers' reporting of suspected physical abuse amongst children.

Introduction: The success of the child protection process is dependent on rapid actions by healthcare professionals who encounter a child in possible need of protection and make appropriate referrals to statutory agencies. Clear rules that promote inter-professional working among health professionals is necessary to enhance child protection.

Aim: To explore the internal factors leading to bystander attitude towards reporting of suspected physical abuse amongst Ghanaian radiographers.

Gemini surfactant-modified montmorillonite with tetrachloroferrate (FeCl) as a counterion simultaneously sequesters nitrate and phosphate from aqueous solution.

Alkyl quaternary ammonium-modified clay minerals, which are common environmentally friendly materials, have been widely studied and applied for the removal of pollutants. However, there are few reports on functionalizing the counterions to expand the application. In this study, the cationic gemini surfactant butane-1,4-bis(dodecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide) (gBDDA) and tetrachloroferrate (FeCl) are designed to modify montmorillonite (Mt), and the obtained FeCl/Gemini-Mt composite (FeOMt) is used for the removal of nitrate and/or phosphate from aqueous solution.

The Contributing Factors to Nurses' Behavioral Intention to Use Hospital Information Technologies in Ghana.

Background: Medical care facilities in both developed and developing countries around the world continue to invest in hospital information technologies (HITs). Nevertheless, it has been discovered that user acceptance of these technologies is one of the imperative issues during their implementation and management in developing countries such as Ghana.

Purpose: Notably, the technology acceptance assessment of nurses is a timely one since they play a very important role in the medical sector.

Improving Inpatient Tobacco Treatment Measures: Outcomes Through Standardized Treatment, Care Coordination, and Electronic Health Record Optimization.

Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that tobacco use is the largest and most preventable cause of disease and mortality in the United States. The Joint Commission implemented inpatient tobacco treatment measures (TTMs) in 2012 to encourage healthcare systems to create processes that help patients quit tobacco use through evidence-based care.

Methods: A tobacco cessation care delivery system was implemented at James A.

Effect of malnutrition on the pharmacokinetics of anti-TB drugs in Ghanaian children.

Anti-TB drugs dosing based on weight alone may contribute to suboptimal drug concentrations and poor treatment outcomes in malnourished children. We examined the effect of malnutrition on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of first-line anti-TB drugs in children. Drug concentrations were measured in Ghanaian children during the intensive phase of TB treatment.

Association between E-cigarette use and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in non-asthmatic adults in the USA.

Background: Concern about the health impacts of e-cigarette use is growing; however, limited research exists regarding potential long-term health effects of this behavior. This study explored the relationship between e-cigarette use and COPD in a sample of US adults.

Methods: A secondary data analysis using data from the 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey in the USA was computed to examine associations between e-cigarette use and COPD controlling for conventional cigarette smoking status, past month leisure physical activity and demographic characteristics including age, sex, education, race, marital status and body mass index.

Exploring potential impact(s) of cerium in mining wastewater on the performance of partial-nitrification process and nitrogen conversion microflora.

Cerium Ce(III) is one of the major pollutants contained in wastewater generated during Ce(III) mining. However, the effect(s) of Ce(III) on the functional genera responsible for removing nitrogen biologically from wastewater has not been studied and reported. In this study, the effects of Ce(III) on aspects of partial-nitritation-(PN) process including ammonia oxidation rate (AOR), process kinetics, and microbial activities were investigated.

Efficiency and key functional genera responsible for simultaneous methanation and bioelectricity generation within a continuous stirred microbial electrolysis cell (CSMEC) treating food waste.

This study reveals the efficient treatment of high strength food waste under varying hydraulic retention times (48 h, 36 h and 24 h) in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) integrated with microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) to become a continuous stirred microbial electrolysis cell (CSMEC). COD removal efficiency in the CSMEC surpassed 92% with OLR ranging from 0.4 to 21.

Shorter Treatment-Naïve Leukocyte Telomere Length is Associated with Poorer Overall Survival of Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Critically shortened telomeres contribute to chromosomal instability and neoplastic transformation and are associated with early death of patients with certain cancer types. Shorter leukocyte telomere length (LTL) has been associated with higher risk for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and might be associated also with survival of patients with PDAC. We investigated the association between treatment-naïve LTL and overall survival of patients with incident PDAC.

COVID-19 water sector responses in Europe: A scoping review of preliminary governmental interventions.

The unprecedented scale and impact of COVID-19 pandemic, and the accompanying lockdown implemented across many countries, has exacerbated water scarcity and security globally. Many European governments have introduced policy interventions to mitigate and protect their economies. Yet, water resources, which are a potential enabler in revitalising Europe's economy, have received few of such policy interventions since the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak as a public health emergency only in January 2020.

Molecular-based cross-species evaluation of bovine coronavirus infection in cattle, sheep and goats in Ghana.

Background: Apart from the huge worldwide economic losses often occasioned by bovine coronavirus (BCoV) to the livestock industry, particularly with respect to cattle rearing, continuous surveillance of the virus in cattle and small ruminants is essential in monitoring variations in the virus that could enhance host switching. In this study, we collected rectal swabs from a total of 1,498 cattle, sheep and goats. BCoV detection was based on reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

Sankofa pediatric HIV disclosure intervention did not worsen depression scores in children living with HIV and their caregivers in Ghana.

Background: The 'Sankofa' pediatric HIV disclosure study (2013-2017) was an intervention that aimed to address the low prevalence of disclosure of HIV status in Ghana.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the intervention site in Kumasi, Ghana, in 2019, (2 years after study closure) and administered the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 10-item Child Depression Inventory (CDI) to caregiver-child dyads who received the intervention.

Results: We enrolled 65% (N = 157) of the original dyads in the present study.

Rapid quantification of insulin degludec by immunopurification combined with liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Insulin degludec is an ultra-long-acting insulin analogue that is increasingly being used in diabetes due to its favourable efficacy and safety profile. Thus, there is an increasing demand for a reliable and specific analytical method to quantify insulin degludec for research, pharmaceutical industry and clinical applications. We developed and validated an automated, high-throughput method for quantification of insulin degludec in human blood samples across the expected clinical range combining immunopurification with high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Evaluating the potential of using urine and saliva specimens for malaria diagnosis in suspected patients in Ghana.

Background: This study aimed at detecting PfHRP2 and pLDH malaria antigens in urine and salivary specimens of suspected malaria patients using RDT kits, and identifying factors influencing the detection of these antigens.

Methods: Malaria rapid test kit (SD Bioline RDT kit) was used to detect malaria antigens, PfHRP2 and pLDH, in blood, urine and saliva samples received from patients suspected of malaria. Subsequently, malaria parasitaemia was determined.

Mendelian Randomization Analysis of n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels and Pancreatic Cancer Risk.

Background: Whether circulating polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels are associated with pancreatic cancer risk is uncertain. Mendelian randomization (MR) represents a study design using genetic instruments to better characterize the relationship between exposure and outcome.

Methods: We utilized data from genome-wide association studies within the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium and Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, involving approximately 9,269 cases and 12,530 controls of European descent, to evaluate associations between pancreatic cancer risk and genetically predicted plasma n-6 PUFA levels.

Endangering China's environmental health security goals through negative environmental investor behaviours.

China sees the need to maximise its environmental health security as a major priority in its sustainable development agenda. This is at the heart of China's "ecological civilisation" and "beautiful China" dream. One of the objectives of this dream is to sensitize investors to invest in health and environmental stocks to support environmental health goals.