Metabolite Biomarkers for Early Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with a poor prognosis. This poor prognosis is largely attributed to a late-stage diagnosis. Recent advancements in metabolomics have emerged as a promising avenue for biomarker discovery in PDAC.

Comparative Efficacy of Endoscopic Versus Open Surgical Techniques in the Management of Gastric Outlet Obstruction: A Systematic Review.

Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a clinical condition that can arise from both benign and malignant causes, requiring effective management strategies to ensure optimal patient outcomes. Traditionally, open surgical techniques like gastrojejunostomy (GJ) have been the standard treatment, but recent advances in minimally invasive procedures, such as endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE), offer alternative approaches with potentially reduced morbidity. This systematic review compared the efficacy, safety, and clinical outcomes of endoscopic versus open surgical techniques in managing GOO.

A systematic review on reverse-zoonosis: Global impact and changes in transmission patterns.

Reverse zoonosis or zooanthroponosis is the transfer of pathogens from humans to animals. Although less studied than zoonotic diseases, this phenomenon poses significant risks to both animal and public health. The increasing human-animal interactions driven by urbanization, globalization, and environmental changes have exacerbated the occurrence of reverse zoonosis.

Genetically Engineered Liposwitch-Based Nanomaterials.

Fusion of intrinsically disordered and globular proteins is a powerful strategy to create functional nanomaterials. However, the immutable nature of genetic encoding restricts the dynamic adaptability of nanostructures postexpression. To address this, we envisioned using a myristoyl switch, a protein that combines allostery and post-translational modifications─two strategies that modify protein properties without altering their sequence─to regulate intrinsically disordered protein (IDP)-driven nanoassembly.

Towards data-driven tropical forest restoration: Uncovering spatial variation, interactions and historical management effects on nutrients along soil depth gradients.

Data scarcity hinders global conservation initiatives, and there is a pressing demand for spatially detailed soil and species data to restore human-altered tropical forests. We, therefore, aimed to generate foundational soil environment and habitat suitability data and high-resolution soil maps to aid restoration efforts in a critical ecosystem of the threatened Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot region, i.e.

Antibiotic resistance risk assessment in Mymensingh, Bangladesh: Current scenario from human-animal-environmental interfaces viewpoint.

The imprudent use of antibiotics increases the environmental microflora's resistance to various drugs, particularly antibiotics. Prescription data is crucial for understanding antibiotic usage frequency and dosage. This health-focused study aims to analyze antibiotic prescription patterns in human and veterinary practices to identify emerging trends in environmental antibiotic resistance.

Association of Radiation-Induced Acute Esophagitis With Dosimetric Parameters of Oesophagus in Breast Carcinoma Patients Receiving Supraclavicular Nodal Irradiation.

Introduction: We conducted this investigation to ascertain the dosimetric properties such as the mean and maximum radiation dosage during radiotherapy as well as the extent of radiation exposure to the esophagus. These factors can potentially impact the development of esophagitis in breast cancer patients undergoing supraclavicular radiation.

Methodology:  From January to June 2023, an observational study was conducted at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University in Bangladesh.

Correlation of Leptin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

The exponential increase in diabetes mellitus (DM) poses serious public health concerns. In this review, we focus on the role of leptin in type 2 DM. The peripheral actions of leptin consist of upregulating proinflammatory cytokines which play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 DM and insulin resistance.

The 2023 Dengue Outbreak in Bangladesh: Exploring the Epidemiology in Hospitalized Patients.

For the past two decades, Bangladesh has faced recurrent dengue outbreaks, with the most recent occurring in 2023. We investigated the socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory aspects of patients diagnosed with dengue during this outbreak. This observational study was conducted from July to September 2023 at Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Chittagong Medical College Hospital, and included 450 confirmed cases of dengue.

Assessment of water, hygiene, and sanitation practice and associated factors among Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aims: The global significance of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) cannot be overstated, extending far beyond the confines of developing nations and encompassing even the most developed ones. This study, rooted in the Bihari refugee camp in Bangladesh, seeks to underscore the universality of WASH concerns.

Methods: Using a cross-sectional design and a structured questionnaire, we conducted a meticulous evaluation of WASH practices with 313 participants selected through random sampling.

Transforming Bariatric Surgery Outcomes: The Pivotal Role of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocols in Patient-Centered Care.

Bariatric surgery is a critical strategy in managing morbid obesity. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols have revolutionized perioperative care in this field. This systematic review aims to synthesize current evidence on the impact of ERAS protocols on patient-centered outcomes in bariatric surgery.

Insights into the current status of bioactive value, postharvest processing opportunities and value addition of black carrot.

Black carrots are a type of carrot that is naturally dark purple or black in color. They are a good source of antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals, and have been shown to have several health benefits, including reducing the risk of cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. This review article discusses the bioactive compounds present in black carrot, including anthocyanins, phenolic acids, carotenoids, and organic acids and sugars.

Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solid of raw milk for the detection of bovine subclinical mastitis.

Background And Aim: Bovine subclinical mastitis (SCM) is highly prevalent among dairy cattle. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bangladesh to evaluate the performance of electric conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) tests for the detection of SCM.

Materials And Methods: We randomly selected 108 milk samples from cows of different breeds in the primary milk-producing region of Pabna and Sirajgonj districts of Bangladesh.

Ferroptosis and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Overview of Prognostic Insights and Therapeutic Potential.

In the realm of oncology, the prognosis and treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) have long been challenges for researchers and clinicians. Characterized by its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options, TNBC demands innovative approaches to understanding its underlying mechanisms and improving patient outcomes. One such avenue of exploration that has emerged in recent years is the study of ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.

Navigating Bariatric Surgery: Understanding and Managing Short-Term and Long-Term Complications.

Obesity is a global public health crisis associated with numerous medical conditions and increased mortality rates. Weight loss surgery, or bariatric surgery, has become a crucial treatment option for clinically severe obesity. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for severe obesity but it carries the potential for various complications, both in the short and long term.

Harmonizing Medicine and Surgery in the Pursuit of Boolean Remission: A Rheumatological Magnum Opus.

Rheumatic diseases encompass a diverse group of musculoskeletal conditions that often lead to inflammation, pain, and significant limitations in patients' lives. While traditional treatment approaches have primarily centered on medications to control symptoms, recent developments have introduced the concept of Boolean remission. Boolean remission offers a comprehensive evaluation of disease activity by considering clinical, biochemical, and patient-reported outcomes.

Gallbladder Mysteries: A Diagnostic Dilemma in Mirizzi Syndrome With Acalculous Presentation.

Mirizzi syndrome (MS) is an uncommon condition caused by chronic gallbladder stones, leading to external compression and obstruction of the common hepatic duct. This report details an unusual MS case in a 65-year-old man who experienced right upper abdominal pain, jaundice, fever, and nausea. Diagnostic tests, such as ultrasound and CT scan, indicated acute acalculous cholecystitis resembling MS.

Revolutionizing Heart Transplantation: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Xenotransplantation, Immunosuppression, Regenerative Medicine, Artificial Intelligence, and Economic Sustainability.

Heart transplantation (HTx) stands as a life-saving intervention for patients with end-stage heart disease, but the field is fraught with numerous challenges that span from the scarcity of donor organs to long-term complications arising from immunosuppressive therapies. This comprehensive review article offers an in-depth exploration of the multifaceted aspects of HTx. The review covers groundbreaking advancements in xenotransplantation, enabled by cutting-edge genetic engineering techniques, and the promising role of stem cell therapies, particularly porcine mesenchymal stem cells, in cardiac regeneration.

A Rare Intersection: A Case of Gastric Adenocarcinoma With Yolk Sac Differentiation.

This case report presents a rare instance of a 73-year-old male diagnosed with a yolk sac tumor (YST) coexisting with adenocarcinoma components in the stomach. YSTs are primarily gonadal and seldom occur in extragonadal sites such as the gastrointestinal tract. The patient underwent curative resection followed by chemotherapy, resulting in long-term survival without recurrence.

Draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant MAHK_SCM_BAU_30A strain isolated from a subclinical mastitis cow in Bangladesh.

This study announces the sequence of a multidrug-resistant MAHK_SCM_BAU_30A strain isolated from bovine subclinical mastitis milk in 2022 in Bangladesh. Our assembled genome had a length of 4,884,948 bp, three plasmids, two CRISPR arrays, five prophages, 51 predicted antibiotic resistance, and 72 predicted virulence factor genes.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: post-operative bile and chyle leaks. A case report.

One week after an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy at an outside hospital, a 56-year-old male presented to the emergency department with right-sided abdominal pain. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed a complex fluid collection in the gallbladder fossa. The patient underwent drain placement and received broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics.