Emergency admission preceding malignancy diagnosis: Insights from a study at a tertiary care hospital.

Background: A considerable number of cancer patients are diagnosed following presentation at emergency department with symptoms related to their condition, yet research in this area remains scarce. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and evaluate the health outcomes of patients who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of cancer.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data for patients diagnosed with cancer postemergency department presentation at a tertiary care hospital between 2015 to 2021.

The Rising Threat of Mucormycosis: Oman's Experience Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Mucormycosis is a rare, severe fungal infection mainly affecting immunocompromised individuals. Because of limited data on its epidemiology in Oman, we present this national, multicentric, retrospective review that includes all cases of proven mucormycosis between 2006 and 2022 in Oman. There were 51 cases of mucormycosis reported in Oman.

Fusarium Keratitis: A Systematic Review (1969 to 2023).

Background: Mycotic keratitis (MK) represents a corneal infection, with Fusarium species identified as the leading cause. Fusarium is a genus of filamentous fungi commonly found in soil and plants. While many Fusarium species are harmless, some can cause serious infections in humans and animals, particularly Fusarium keratitis, that can lead to severe ocular infections, prevalent cause of monocular blindness in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.

antifungal activity of biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles using plant extracts and six comparators against clinical strains.

Background And Purpose: species are commonly resistant to many antifungal drugs. The limited therapeutic options available have led to a surge of research efforts aimed at discovering novel antifungal compounds in recent decades. This study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of plant-based biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) and six comparators against a set of clinical strains.

Leiomyomatous Lesions of the Colon: Two Case Reports with Radiological Features, Pathological Correlations, and Literature Review.

Colonic leiomyomatous lesions are smooth muscle tumors including both benign leiomyoma and malignant leiomyosarcoma. They usually occur in elderly and middle-aged groups. They are rare, representing 3% of all gastrointestinal leiomyomas.

Evolutionary trends in antifungal resistance: a meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: The present paper includes a meta-analysis of literature data on 318 species of fungi belonging to 34 orders in their response to 8 antifungal agents (amphotericin B, caspofungin, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, terbinafine, and voriconazole). Main trends of MIC results at the ordinal level were visualized. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) clinical breakpoints were used as the staff gauge to evaluate MIC values ranging from resistance to susceptibility, which were subsequently compared with a phylogenetic tree of the fungal kingdom.

Fusariosis in burn patients: A systematic review of case reports.

Burns can cause skin damage, facilitating the entry of fungi and other microorganisms into the body, leading to infections. Fusarium is a fungus capable of infecting individuals with burn injuries. Diagnosing and treating Fusarium infections in burn patients can be challenging due to the manifestation of nonspecific symptoms.

Invasive fungal infections in children with leukemia in a tertiary hospital in Oman: An eight-year review.

Background And Purpose: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a common and serious consequence of leukemia in children and the incidence of these infections has increased due to chemotherapy. This study aimed to present the epidemiology of IFD in a cohort of children with leukemia from a tertiary reference institution in Oman.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of IFDs in pediatric patients below 13 years of age with newly diagnosed or relapsed leukemia was conducted at the Royal Hospital in Muscat, Oman.

Pityriasis Rosea and Pityriasis Rosea-like Eruption Following COVID-19 Vaccinations: Case Series from Oman.

To mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, several vaccines have been developed and administered to the public since 2021. A spectrum of cutaneous reactions has been reported among some of the vaccinated individuals. In this case series, we describe three cases of pityriasis rosea and pityriasis rosea-like eruption that manifested after COVID-19 vaccinations, which might suggest the vaccines as a possible trigger.

Disseminated Basidiobolomycosis Caused by Basidiobolus omanensis in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). Case Report and Literature Review.

Basidiobolomycosis is an uncommon fungal infection caused by the genus Basidiobolus. In immunocompetent children, it usually causes cutaneous infection and rarely affects the gastrointestinal tract, and it is extremely rare for the disease to spread. The present study reports the first case of disseminated basidiobolomycosis caused by Basidiobolus omanensis in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who died as a result of uncontrolled infection and multi-organ failure despite surgical and antifungal therapy with L-AMB and voriconazole.

Partial ectopic posterior pituitary: A rare imaging entity with literature review.

Abnormal development of the posterior pituitary gland can lead to an ectopic location of the neurohypophysis, commonly seen at the median eminence of the hypothalamus or along the infundibular stalk. A partial ectopic posterior pituitary (PEPP) is a very rare variant of the ectopic posterior pituitary, defined as the presence of a double bright spot of neurohypophysis seen in both orthotopic and ectopic locations. We report a two-year-old male toddler with bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia and severe visual impairment who presented to the endocrine outpatient clinic for hypopituitarism evaluation.

Differential Production of Midkine and Pleiotrophin by Innate APCs upon Stimulation through Nucleic Acid-Sensing TLRs.

Midkine (MK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) belong to the same family of cytokines. They have similar sequences and functions. Both have important roles in cellular proliferation, tumors, and diseases.

Anatomical variations of the frontal sinus: A computed tomography-based study.

The pneumatization of the frontal sinus is variable between individuals, including monozygotic twins. The volumetric anatomic variants of the frontal sinus are classified into aplasia, hypoplasia, medium-sized, and hyperplasia. We aimed to study the frontal sinus morphology in Omani patients using computed tomography (CT) evaluations.

Evaluation of colonization index, molecular identification, and antifungal susceptibility pattern of species isolated from critically ill pediatric patients: A single-center study in Iran.

Background And Purpose: Given the high mortality rate of invasive candidiasis in hospitalized pediatric patients, it is crucial to establish a predictive system to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of patients who are likely to benefit from early antifungal treatment. This study aimed to assess the colonization index, species distribution, and antifungal susceptibility pattern of strains isolated from pediatric patients with high colonization index (CI).

Materials And Methods: This study was carried out at the Children's Medical Center in Tehran-Iran.

Awareness and knowledge of laser hair removal: a cross sectional study from tertiary care dermatology clinics in Oman.

Background: Laser hair removal (LHR), including the use of home-based devices, is becoming very popular in Oman. Despite this, some people still have many misconceptions about this procedure, especially of its long-term complications. This study aimed to assess the awareness and knowledge of LHR among dermatology clinic attendees in Muscat, Oman.

Onychomycosis due to Fusarium species in different continents, literature review on diagnosis and treatment.

Fusarium species are an emerging cause of onychomycosis, and the number of cases has dramatically increased in recent decades worldwide. This review presents an overview of the onychomycosis cases caused by Fusarium species and diagnosis and treatment that have been reported in the literature. The most common causative agent of onychomycosis is F.

Comparison between Efficacy of Human Milk Fortification Using Human Milk Fortifier versus Preterm Formula: A Retrospective Single-institutional Experience.

Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the relative efficacy of expressed breast milk (EBM) fortified using human milk fortifier (HMF) compared to commercial preterm formula (PF) on preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in a major tertiary healthcare center in Oman.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included two cohorts of preterm (< 32 weeks gestation) or VLBW infants (birth weight < 1500 g) treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Cohort one included infants who were given PF-fortified EBM between January and December 2016, and cohort two were given newly-introduced HMF-fortified EBM between November 2018 and December 2019.

Inappropriate Hospital Stay of Patients Admitted Under Care of General Medicine Units: A retrospective study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the incidence of inappropriate hospital stay and to identify the reasons behind inappropriate hospitalisation.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients admitted in the General Internal Medicine Unit, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, from January to June 2020. The average length of hospital stay for all included patients was calculated.

Invasive fusariosis in acute leukaemia patients-An outbreak in the haematology ward.

Fusarium, a common fungus, emerges as a pathogen in severely immunocompromised patients. We present a series of patients who developed invasive fusariosis (IF) during admission to an acute leukaemia ward: an outbreak of 12 cases in June and July 2018, followed by four sporadic cases until 2021. No case was reported earlier.

Potential Inhibitory Effect of Miltefosine against Terbinafine-Resistant .

Several prolonged and significant outbreaks of dermatophytosis caused by , a new emerging terbinafine-resistant species, have been ongoing in India in recent years, and have since spread to various countries outside Asia. Miltefosine, an alkylphosphocholine, is the most recently approved drug for the treatment of both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Miltefosine in vitro activity against terbinafine-resistant and susceptible / species complex, including , is limited.