Integral cross section measurement of the F( γ, n)F reaction for 12-20 MeV bremsstrahlung photons.

F radioactive isotope is widely used in PET imaging for nuclear medicine. Medical linear accelerators producing high-flux bremsstrahlung beams up to 20 MeV are commonly used in radiation therapy. Hence, the production of F through photon-induced channels will reduce many of the intricacies in transportation and handling.

Recent progress in CRISPR/Cas9 system for eye disorders.

Ocular disorders encompass a broad spectrum of phenotypic and clinical symptoms resulting from several genetic variants and environmental factors. The unique anatomy and physiology of the eye facilitate validation of cutting-edge gene editing treatments. Genome editing developments have allowed researchers to treat a variety of diseases, including ocular disorders.

Advances in applications of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for respiratory diseases.

Genetic and environmental factors can have an impact on lung and respiratory disorders which are associated with severe symptoms and have high mortality rates. Many respiratory diseases are significantly influenced by genetic or epigenetic factors. Gene therapy offers a powerful approach providing therapeutic treatment for lung diseases.

Mouse Pachytene piRNAs Cleave Hundreds of Transcripts, But Alter the Steady-State Abundance of Only a Minority of Targets.

In animals, 18-35-nt piRNAs guide PIWI proteins to regulate complementary RNAs. During male meiosis, mammals produce an exceptionally abundant class of piRNAs called pachytene piRNAs. Pachytene piRNAs are required for spermatogenesis and have been proposed to control gene expression by various mechanisms.

Proteomic and metabolomic profiles of plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles differentiate melanoma patients from healthy controls.

Background: Plasma-derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) have been suggested as novel biomarkers in melanoma, due to their ability to reflect the cell of origin and ease of collection. This study aimed to identify novel EV biomarkers that can discriminate between disease stages. This was achieved by characterising the plasma-derived EVs of patients with melanoma, and comparing their proteomic and metabolomic profile to those from healthy controls.

Validated green and white RP-HPLC method for the estimation of Zolmitriptan in marketed dosage form.

Objective: To develop and validate a rapid, accurate, economical, effective and greenery RP-HPLC method for the determination of Zolmitriptan in tablet dosage form.

Material And Method: RP-HPLC method was developed using Luna (C) (4.6×250mm, 5μm) column and Sodium phosphate buffer (pH 4.

From Leaf Galls to Therapeutic Silver Nanoparticles: Antibacterial and Anticancer Applications.

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using environmentally friendly methods has become increasingly important due to its sustainability and cost-effectiveness. This study investigates the green synthesis of AgNPs using gall extracts from the plant , known for its high phytochemical content. The formation of AgNPs was verified through multiple analytical techniques, including UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential analysis, and dynamic light scattering (DLS).

Feasibility study of shielded diode detector for small field dosimetry.

Improved imaging techniques and modern radiotherapy treatment delivery in the treatment field are reduced to the precise size of the tumor, which necessitates the need for small-field dosimetry. Dosimetry in small-field dosimetry is challenging because most of the available code of practice for dosimetry is based on the cavity theory concept. Some small-sized detectors show good spatial resolution and sensitivity.

Electrochemical selenylative -annulation of -benzylacrylamides to construct seleno-azaspiro[4.5]decadienones.

Herein, we present the electrochemical synthesis of selenylated azaspiro[4.5]decadienones through domino selenylation/-annulation of -benzylacrylamides with diselenides. The method showed a wide substrate scope under mild and external oxidant-free reaction conditions, involving the construction of C-Se and C-C bonds.

A Domino Dearomative -Annulation/Desymmetrization Approach: Stereoselective Access to Tricyclic Alkaloid Skeletons.

Herein, we reveal an unprecedented domino annulation of -benzyl-acrylamides with 1,3-dicarbonyls for the assembly of fused tricyclic alkaloid frameworks incorporating a spirocycle via an alkylation/dearomative -annulation/Michael addition (desymmetrization) sequence. This conversion involves three carbon-carbon bond formations, generating four chiral carbons, including three quaternary carbon centers, in a single diastereomer in one pot under identical reaction conditions. The synthetic potential of this atom-economic method is illustrated by modifications of the functional groups present in the products obtained.

Comparative characterisation of extracellular vesicles from canine and human plasma: a necessary step in biomarker discovery.

Extracellular Vesicles (EV) have become an interesting focus as novel biomarkers of disease and are increasingly reported upon in humans and other species. The Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018) guidelines were published to improve rigor and standardisation within the EV field and provide a framework for the reliable isolation and characterisation of EV populations. However, this rigor and standardisation has been challenging in the area of comparative medicine.

Access to N-Fused Quinazolinones by Radical-Promoted Cascade Annulations of Alkenyl -Cyanamides with Aromatic Aldehydes.

A cascade radical cyclization of alkenyl -cyanamides with aromatic aldehydes has been achieved for an expeditious synthesis of keto-methylated dihydropyrrolo-quinazolinones. Benzoyl radicals, generated from aryl aldehydes in the presence of di--butyl peroxide (DTBP), promoted the domino annulations leading to distinctive functionalized quinazolinones in good yields. In addition, the robustness of the present protocol is validated by employing heterocyclic and natural product-based aldehydes.

A bio-inspired approach for the synthesis of few-layer graphene using beetle defensive gland extract.

Graphene exhibits remarkable properties and holds substantial promise for diverse applications. Its unique combination of thermal, chemical, physical, and biological properties makes it an appealing material for a wide range of uses. But, the lack of an economical and environmentally friendly approach to synthesize good-quality graphene represents an immense challenge for the scientific community.

Curricula for teaching end-users to kinesthetically program collaborative robots.

Non-expert users can now program robots using various end-user robot programming methods, which have widened the use of robots and lowered barriers preventing robot use by laypeople. Kinesthetic teaching is a common form of end-user robot programming, allowing users to forgo writing code by physically guiding the robot to demonstrate behaviors. Although it can be more accessible than writing code, kinesthetic teaching is difficult in practice because of users' unfamiliarity with kinematics or limitations of robots and programming interfaces.

Bio-Fabricated Silver Nanoparticles from the Leaf Extract of the Poisonous Plant, : Assessment of Antimicrobial, Antimitotic, Anticancer, and Radical-Scavenging Properties.

This study presents a novel approach to fabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the poisonous plant, leaf extract. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by a color change from green to dark brown and validated by UV analysis. FTIR analysis identified functional groups on the AgNPs, while Zeta potential analysis assessed their stability.

Beam Focal Spot Offset Determination for Linear Accelerators: A Phantom less Method.

Unlabelled: The effectiveness of radiotherapy treatment is influenced by the position of beam focal spot; therefore, it is important to verify the beam focal spot periodically. In this study the beam focal spot offset is measured using an electronic portal imaging (EPID) based technique and co- rotational penumbra modulation technique(CPM).

Materials And Methods: This method utilizes one set of jaws and the multileaf collimator (MLC) to form a symmetric field and then a 180o collimator rotation was utilized to determine the radiation isocenter defined by the jaws and the MLC, respectively.

Magnetic dipole effects on unsteady flow of Casson-Williamson nanofluid propelled by stretching slippery curved melting sheet with buoyancy force.

In particular, the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model and buoyancy effect have been taken into account in the numerical simulation of time-based unsteady flow of Casson-Williamson nanofluid carried over a magnetic dipole enabled curved stretching sheet with thermal radiation, Joule heating, an exponential heat source, homo-heterogenic reactions, slip, and melting heat peripheral conditions. The specified flow's partial differential equations are converted to straightforward ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg 4-5th order tool has been used to generate solution graphs for the problem under consideration.

-Cyclization of unactivated biaryl ynones leading to thio-functionalized spirocyclic enones.

Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN)-promoted oxidative -cyclization of unactivated biaryl ynones with -centered radicals (SCN/SCF) to access spiro[5,5]trienones has been established. This approach displayed excellent regioselectivity towards spirocyclization and tolerated a variety of functional groups. Dearomatization of hitherto unknown aryl/heteroaryl groups is also disclosed.

Enhancing the metal ion binding characteristics and reversal of selectivity of crosslinked chitosan sorbents through functionalisation for targeted applications.

In this study, we report optimised synthesis of N-carboxymethylated chitosan (CM-Cts) and its crosslinking to obtain, for the first time, glutaraldehyde crosslinked N-carboxymethylated chitosan (CM-Cts-Glu) as a metal ion sorbent. CM-Cts and CM-Cts-Glu were characterised using FTIR and solid state C NMR techniques. As compared to epichlorohydrin, glutaraldehyde was found to be better suited for efficient synthesis of the crosslinked functionalised sorbent.

A novel approach for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the defensive gland extracts of the beetle, Luprops tristis Fabricius.

Discovering novel natural resources for the biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles is one of the two key challenges facing by the field of nanoparticle synthesis. The second challenge is a lack of information on the chemical components needed for the biological synthesis and the chemical mechanism involved in the metal nanoparticles synthesis. In the current study, microwave-assisted silver nanoparticle (AgNP) synthesis employing the defensive gland extract of Mupli beetle, Luprops tristis Fabricius (Order: Coleoptera; Family: Tenebrionidae), addresses these two challenges.

Hydrochemical characteristics and potential health risks of nitrate, fluoride, and uranium in Kota district, Rajasthan, India.

This study examines the uranium, fluoride, and nitrate dispositions in groundwater as well as potential health risks in Kota district, Rajasthan, India. Total 198 groundwater samples were collected in both dry and wet periods and analyzed for physicochemical parameters along with U, F, and NO using standard methods. Results indicate that the electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, Ca, Mg, HCO, Cl, NO, and F exceed the WHO standard limits of drinking water in both periods.

Dosimetric Study to Estimate Deviations in Delivered Radiation Dose due to Occluded Air Spaces in Vaginal Vault Brachytherapy Applications.

Background: To develop a dosimetric tool to estimate the dose delivered in the presence of air pockets with EBT3 film while simulating the conditions of vaginal vault brachytherapy (VVBT) with 3.0 diameter cylindrical applicator at a prescription dose distance of 5mm from the surface of it.

Materials And Method: Six acrylic plates (10 cm x 10 cm, 0.

CAN-Promoted Thiolative -Annulation of Unactivated -Benzyl Acrylamides: Access to SCN/SCF/SOAr Containing Azaspirocycles.

A variety of acrylamides holding an unactivated -benzyl group underwent dearomative -cyclization induced by sulfur-centered radicals (SCN/ SCF/ SOAr) in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as the oxidant to furnish azaspirocycles in good yields. This is the first report on -dearomatization of -benzyl acrylamides that proceeds without a substituent at the -position of the aromatic ring. The developed conditions are also found to be suitable for substrates holding substituents such as F, NO, OMe, OH, and OAc at the -position.

Robust tobacco smoking self-report in two cohorts: pregnant women or men and women living with or without HIV.

Understanding the true burden of tobacco smoking on adverse pregnancy outcomes is critical in generating appropriate interventions to improve outcomes. Self-reporting of human behaviour that is associated with stigma is associated with underreporting in general and may bias the impact of smoking in studies; however, self-reporting is frequently the most practical method of gleaning this information. The objective of this study was to evaluate concordance between self-reported smoking and concentrations of plasma cotinine, a biomarker of smoking, among participants enrolled in two related HIV cohorts.