Uncertainty-aware diabetic retinopathy detection using deep learning enhanced by Bayesian approaches.

Deep learning-based medical image analysis has shown strong potential in disease categorization, segmentation, detection, and even prediction. However, in high-stakes and complex domains like healthcare, the opaque nature of these models makes it challenging to trust predictions, particularly in uncertain cases. This sort of uncertainty can be crucial in medical image analysis; diabetic retinopathy is an example where even slight errors without an indication of confidence can have adverse impacts.

Vitamin E Improves Cellular and Structural Bone Histomorphometry in an Alcohol-Induced Osteoporosis Rat Model.

: Alcohol-induced osteoporosis is a significant health concern, impairing bone formation and enhancing resorption, thereby weakening skeletal integrity. This study examines the effects of palm vitamin E on bone histomorphometry in a male rat model of alcohol-induced osteoporosis. : Three-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into seven groups, with one baseline control group (BC) and six experimental groups undergoing a two-phase treatment.

An Audit Cycle of Gynecological History Documentation in Emergency Surgical Admissions of Female Patients of Childbearing Age Presenting with Acute Abdominal Pain at a District General Hospital.

Background Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Accurate and timely diagnosis is crucial, particularly in women of reproductive age presenting with acute abdominal pain. This audit aimed to assess the completeness and accuracy of gynecological history documentation, including pregnancy status, in female patients admitted for emergency surgery due to abdominal pain.

Investigating the Relationship Between Anti-seizure Medications and Bleeding Disorders: A Comprehensive Review of the Current Literature.

Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) are specific types of anticonvulsants used to treat epileptic seizures. However, several studies have shown an association between ASMs and an increased risk of hematological disorders, such as thrombocytopenia, aplastic anemia, and platelet function disorders leading to prolonged bleeding times. This review explores the existing literature on this topic, investigating a wide variety of ASMs, ranging from first-generation medications to newer ones.

Silent threats of lead-based paints in toys and households to children's health and development.

Lead (Pb), a highly toxic heavy metal, poses a significant global health risk, particularly to children. Widely used in paint manufacturing for its remarkable corrosion-resistance properties Pb exposure has been linked to severe health issues, including reduced neurotransmitter levels, organ damage, potentially leading to death in extreme cases. Children Are particularly vulnerable, with Pb toxicity primarily affecting the brain, reproductive, kidneys, and cardiovascular systems.

Entropy performance of nonlinear mathematical hydrocarbon based model using ternary alloys (AA7072/AA7075/TiAIV) under influential solar radiations and convective effects.

Aluminum alloys have promising characteristics which make them more useful in industrial applications for thermal management and entropy of the fluidic system. Hence, the current research deals with the analysis of entropy and thermal performance of (CHO-HO)/50:50% saturated by (AA7072/AA7076/TiAIV) alloys. Traditional problem modified using enhanced characteristics of ternary alloys and hydrocarbon 50:50% base fluid.

Antiviral and Immunomodulatory Effects of Zafirlukast Against Flaviviruses via Inhibition of the TNF Signaling Pathway.

The two most clinically important members of the flavivirus genus, Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) pose a significant public health challenge. They cause a range of diseases in humans, from hemorrhagic to neurological manifestations, leading to economic and social burden worldwide. Nevertheless, there are no approved antiviral drugs to treat these infections.

Retention strategies for medical doctors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): are they effective? A scoping review.

Background: High turnover among the medical professions is detrimental to the healthcare system and population well-being, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with limited financial and human resources. To prevent brain drain, effective strategies are vital to improve the retention of healthcare workers, especially doctors. However, little evidence has been synthesised regarding the effectiveness of these strategies, especially in LMICs.

Carbon sinks associated with biological carbon pump in karst surface waters: progress, challenges, and prospects.

The biological carbon pump (BCP) associated with aquatic photosynthesis in karst surface waters converts dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) into organic carbon. In the context of global climate change, BCP could be an important carbon sink mechanism, ultimately regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO) and mitigating climate change. Because of the high DIC and pH, and low dissolved CO [CO (aq)], the hydrochemical characteristics of karst surface water bodies cause C limitation in BCP efficiency.

Clinical and histopathological evaluation of patients with endometrial cancer in a University Hospital: Seven-year experience.

Introduction: Endometrial cancer is one of the leading gynaecological malignancies in developed countries and becoming more prevalent in Malaysia. These have significant impact in women and management of this disease. If it occurs on young women, and as a whole becomes a burden on the national economy and world.

Effect of Larval Ages and Honey Treatment on the Sex Reversal of Betta Fish ().

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Betta fish is one of the most popular ornamental fish because of their attractive body shape, especially for males. The fish development usually results in a similar number of males and females or an even higher number of females. This study aimed to determine the effect of various concentrations of honey and the age of larvae on the sex ratio of Betta fish.

Stomach and duodenal ulcer as a cause of death in patients with cancer: a cohort study.

Introduction: Non-cancer deaths are now becoming a significant threat to the health of cancer patients. Death from stomach and duodenal ulcer is linked to cancer due to the side effects of treatment and its pathogenesis. However, guidelines for identifying cancer patients at the highest risk of death from stomach and duodenal ulcer remain unclear.

Controlled release of bioactive copper (I) acylthiourea complexes through immobilization onto electrospun PCL/lignin nanofibers.

This study presents the first development of Cu (I) acylthiourea complexes (C1-C5) incorporated polycaprolactone/lignin (PCL/Lig) electrospun nanofiber composites (PCL/Lig@Cu(I)). Electrospinning conditions and mass ratios of PCL and lignin were optimized, followed by the incorporation of varying concentrations of Cu(I) complexes. Structural, morphological, and thermal properties were characterized using SEM, TEM, FT-IR, XRD, TGA and WCA analyses.

Teratological abnormalities in hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Pakistan.

Studying teratological abnormalities in ticks are taxonomically important because this poorly understood biological phenomenon causes difficulties in tick's identification. Globally, reports regarding these abnormalities in ticks, reasons of their causes and their impacts are scarce. According to the available published data, there are no studies regarding teratological abnormalities in ticks from Pakistan.

Reality of Zuckerkandl tubercle and relationship with other anatomical variations.

Aim: The tubercle of Zuckerkandl (TZ) is considered to be the fusion point of the ultimabranchial body and the median thyroid body. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of TZ and its relationship with other anatomical variations and recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis.

Material And Methods: Data regarding the thyroid lobe and RLN of patients with thyroidectomy between June 2016 and December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated.

Exploring gender-based stress disparities among radiography students: A comparative analysis across Egypt, UAE, and Jordan.

Introduction: Radiography students experience high levels of stress due to demanding academic studies and clinical training. Expanding this study to different settings could provide insights for customized interventions. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and causes of stress experienced by radiography students across university settings in Egypt, the UAE, and Jordan, with particular attention to gender-based differences.

Pure Biclonal Hairy Cell Leukemia-Apt Diagnosis with Multicolor Flow Cytometry.

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell neoplasm that constitutes around 2 percent of all lymphoid leukemias and occurs more frequently in elderly males. The usual triad of HCL includes pancytopenia, splenomegaly, and hairy cells in the bone marrow. This is a case of an atypical presentation of biclonal HCL diagnosed on flow cytometry; the existence of biclonal HCL is extremely rare with very few case reports.

Orthopantomogram teeth segmentation and numbering dataset.

With the digitization of radiographs, vast amounts of data have become accessible, enabling the curation and development of extensive datasets. Among radiographic modalities, Orthopantomograms (OPGs) are widely utilized in clinical practice. The integration of automated diagnostic processes into routine clinical practice holds great potential as an adjunct for dentists.

Development of Dopant-Free N,N'-Bicarbazole-Based Hole Transport Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells.

Efficient and stable hole-transport material (HTM) is essential for enhancing the efficiency and stability of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The commonly used HTMs such as spiro-OMeTAD need dopants to produce high efficiency, but those dopants degrade the perovskite film and cause instability. Therefore, the development of dopant-free N,N'-bicarbazole-based HTM is receiving huge attention for preparing stable, cost-effective, and efficient PSCs.

Imidazolium, pyridinium and pyrazinium based ionic liquids with octyl side chains as potential antibacterial agents against multidrug resistant uropathogenic .

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the second most prevalent infectious disease with being the most common etiological agent behind these infections, affecting more than 150 million people globally each year. In recent decades, the emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens has rapidly escalated. To combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR), it is important to synthesize new biologically effective alternatives like ionic liquids (ILs) to control the bacterial infection and their spread.

Interpretable multi-horizon time series forecasting of cryptocurrencies by leverage temporal fusion transformer.

This research delves into the obstacles and difficulties associated with predicting cryptocurrency movements in the volatile global financial market. This study develops and evaluates an advanced Deep Learning-Enhanced Temporal Fusion Transformer (ADE-TFT) model to estimate Bitcoin values more accurately. This research employs cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques to comprehensively examine various aspects of cryptocurrency forecasting, including geopolitical implications, market sentiment analysis, and pattern detection in transactional datasets.