Active surveillance of avian influenza in the southwestern Poyang Lake area, China: Analyzing changes in wholesale and frozen fresh retail markets post-policy implementation.

This study aims to conduct active surveillance of avian influenza in the southwestern Poyang Lake area of China and to analyze the changes in avian influenza prevalence in wholesale poultry markets and frozen fresh retail markets following the implementation of policies regulating frozen fresh poultry products. The type A avian influenza virus nucleic acids were detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR), and a triplex real-time RT-PCR assay kit specific for H5/H7/H9 RNA was utilized on the influenza A-positive samples to differentiate among the avian influenza virus subtypes. From October 2020 to June 2024, the positivity rate of the live poultry wholesale market was 59.

Dynamics and Efficacy: A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Advanced Dengue Fever Surveillance and Early Warning System in Ningbo City, 2023.

Objective: To conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the Dengue Fever Surveillance and Early Warning System deployed in Ningbo City during 2023, focusing on its capacity for timely identification and reporting of dengue fever cases, particularly imported cases from endemic regions.

Methods: A detailed data of patient clinical features and blood profile trends was collected from clinical records and surveillance reports, focusing on the rapid diagnostic processes and surveillance rigor. This study assessed the effectiveness of the system in identifying and reporting dengue cases and identified the limitations of the existing framework through a basic statistical approach.

Transmissibility of the variant of concern for SARS-CoV-2 in six regions.

Introduction: Differences in transmissibility of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) in different districts are hard to assess. To address this, our study focused on calculating the Real-time reproduction number ( ) for these variants in different regions.

Methods: According to the criteria defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), the global landscape was categorized into six distinct regions.

Relationship of various COVID-19 antibody titer with individual characteristics and prediction of future epidemic trend in Xiamen City, China.

Background: Reinfection of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised concerns about how reliable immunity from infection and vaccination is. With mass testing for the virus halted, understanding the current prevalence of COVID-19 is crucial. This study investigated 1,191 public health workers at the Xiamen Center for Disease Control, focusing on changes in antibody titers and their relationship with individual characteristics.

MODELS: a six-step framework for developing an infectious disease model.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, a plethora of modeling studies related to COVID-19 have been released. While some models stand out due to their innovative approaches, others are flawed in their methodology. To assist novices, frontline healthcare workers, and public health policymakers in navigating the complex landscape of these models, we introduced a structured framework named MODELS.

Inactivated vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic COVID-19 in Fujian, China during the Omicron BA.2 outbreak.

Objective: More than 90% of the Chinese population have completed 2 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in Mainland China. However, after China government abandoned strict control measures, many breakthrough infections appeared, and vaccine effectiveness against Omicron BA.2 infection was uncertain.

Effect of Infliximab on Radiation-Induced Submandibular Gland Dysfunction in Rats.

Inflammatory response is one of the essential parts of various pathogenic mechanisms of radiation-induced salivary dysfunction. The effect of decreasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines on alleviating submandibular gland injuries after irradiation is unclear. This study aimed to explore the effect of the antibody against tumor necrosis factor-alpha, infliximab, on radiation-induced submandibular gland dysfunction in rats.

Assessment of transmissibility and measures effectiveness of SARS in 8 regions, China, 2002-2003.

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a form of atypical pneumonia which took hundreds of lives when it swept the world two decades ago. The pathogen of SARS was identified as SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and it was mainly transmitted in China during the SARS epidemic in 2002-2003. SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have emerged from the SARS metapopulation of viruses.

Analysis of the effect of PCR testing and antigen testing on controlling the transmission for Omicron based on different scenarios.

After the policy adjustment, China no longer carries out COVID-19 PCR testing for all people, and antigen testing has become the main way to detect and manage infectious sources. We developed a dynamic model to evaluate and compare the effects between PCR and antigen testing for controlling the pandemic. Due to the increase of contact degree, the peak reduction effect of PCR testing in population is lower than that of antigen testing.

Evaluation of the transmissibility of norovirus and the effectiveness of prevention and control measures for schools in Jiangsu Province.

Objective: This study aims to estimate the transmissibility of norovirus outbreaks in schools by different transmission routes, and to evaluate the effects of isolation, school-closure and disinfection measures under different intervention intensities, finally, scientific prevention and control suggestions are proposed.

Method: 23 outbreaks of norovirus infectious diarrhea occurring in Jiangsu Province's school from 2012-2018 were selected and fitted to the model. The data includes various types of school places and pathogen genotype.

Trends in disease burden of hepatitis B infection in Jiangsu Province, China, 1990-2021.

Background: The incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has decreased year by year in China after the expansion of vaccination, but there is still a high disease burden in Jiangsu Province of China.

Methods: The year-by-year incidence data of HBV in Jiangsu Province from 1990 to 2021 were collected. The incidence rates of males and females age groups were clustered by systematic clustering, and the incidence rates of each age group were analyzed and studied by using Joinpoint regression model and age-period-cohort effect model (APC).

Epidemiological characteristics and transmissibility of HPV infection: A long-term retrospective study in Hokkien Golden Triangle, China, 2013-2021.

Objective: Multiple human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated diseases have put a significant disease burden on the world. Therefore, we conducted a study to explore the epidemiological characteristics of HPV and the transmissibility of its genotypes.

Methods: HPV testing data was collected from Hospital.

Model-based risk assessment of dengue fever transmission in Xiamen City, China.

Background: Quantitative assessment of the risk of local transmission from imported dengue cases makes a great challenge to the development of public health in China. The purpose of this study is to observe the risk of mosquito-borne transmission in Xiamen City through ecological and insecticide resistance monitoring. Quantitative evaluation of mosquito insecticide resistance, community population and the number of imported cases affecting the transmission of dengue fever (DF) in Xiamen was carried out based on transmission dynamics model, so as to reveal the correlation between key risk factors and DF transmission.

Possibility of mpox viral transmission and control from high-risk to the general population: a modeling study.

Background: Mpox is an emerging infectious disease that is now a global hazard. The strategies for preventing and controlling mpox should be further investigated in terms of transmission characteristics, infection risk among different populations, and ideal therapeutic approaches.

Methods: A multi-group dynamic model was used to quantify the transmissibility of mpox.

A follow up study of cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 in Hunan Province, China.

Since the epidemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), many governments have used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the virus. However, there are fewer measures of CT values information based on RT-PCR results, and the relationship between CT values and factors from consecutive tests is not clear enough. So in this study, we analyzed the connection between CT values and the factors based on cohort data from Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Hunan Province.

A comparative study on the three calculation methods for reproduction numbers of COVID-19.

Objective: This study uses four COVID-19 outbreaks as examples to calculate and compare merits and demerits, as well as applicational scenarios, of three methods for calculating reproduction numbers.

Method: The epidemiological characteristics of the COVID-19 outbreaks are described. Through the definition method, the next-generation matrix-based method, and the epidemic curve and serial interval ()-based method, corresponding reproduction numbers were obtained and compared.

Natural history and cycle threshold values analysis of COVID-19 in Xiamen City, China.

Objective: This study elaborated the natural history parameters of Delta variant, explored the differences in detection cycle thresholds (Ct) among cases.

Methods: Natural history parameters were calculated based on the different onset time and exposure time of the cases. Intergenerational relationships between generations of cases were calculated.

Model-Based Evaluation of Transmissibility and Intervention Measures for a COVID-19 Outbreak in Xiamen City, China.

Background: In September 2021, there was an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Xiamen, China. Various non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) and pharmacological interventions (PIs) have been implemented to prevent and control the spread of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions and to identify priorities for the implementation of prevention and control measures.

Vinpocetine inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and attenuates ovariectomy-induced bone loss.

Osteoporosis is a result of impaired bone formation and/or excessive bone resorption. Osteoclasts are the only cells in the body that have a bone resorption function. Inhibiting osteoclast activity and differentiation is a way to treat osteoporosis.

Myocardial protective effects of Munziq in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury rats with abnormal savda syndrome.

This study evaluated the influence and mechanism of different Munziq doses on myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) rats with abnormal savda. Wistar rats (N = 96) were divided into the following 8 groups (12 rats each): ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model group, high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose Munziq groups, normal I/R group, sham model group, normal sham group, and Atorvastatin group. Changes in heart physiology and myocardial morphology after injury with MIRI were monitored in each group.