Nevirapine induced toxic epidermal necrolysis and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus positive patient.

Nevirapine, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) is one of the important components of highly active antiretroviral therapy. It is sometimes associated with life-threatening adverse reactions. Here we report one such patient who developed toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), leucopenia and hepatotoxicity secondary to intake of nevirapine.

Measles case fatality rate in Bihar, India, 2011-12.

Background: Updated estimates of measles case fatality rates (CFR) are critical for monitoring progress towards measles elimination goals. India accounted for 36% of total measles deaths occurred globally in 2011. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to estimate measles CFR and identify the risk factors for measles death in Bihar-one of the north Indian states historically known for its low vaccination coverage.

Multifaceted profile of an unusual paramedian occipital condyle-anatomical and computerised tomographic evaluation.

During extensive osteological study of 150 dry skulls in the Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical college, an unusual Paramedian Occipital (POC) condyle was detected in the occipital bone of a cadaveric skull. The anatomical details of this unusual occipital condyle were carefully studied and its morphometric measurements taken. A coronal multiplanner reformatted image and a volume rendered image were taken to study radiological details and establish significant clinical correlation.

Hybrid HPMC nanocomposites containing bacterial cellulose nanocrystals and silver nanoparticles.

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) based hybrid nanocomposites reinforced with bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNC) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) had been prepared and characterised. BCNC was capable of improving the tensile strength and modulus of HPMC, but they made the film more brittle. The addition of AgNPs along with BCNC, helped to regain some of the lost elongation properties without affecting other properties.

Epidemiology of calcium pyrophosphate crystal arthritis and basic calcium phosphate crystal arthropathy.

Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD) is common and mainly associates with increasing age and osteoarthritis (OA). Recent studies suggest that CPPD occurs as the result of a generalized articular predisposition and may also associate with low cortical bone mineral density. The epidemiology of basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystal deposition is poorly understood.

A cross-sectional prospective study of pleural effusion among cases of chronic kidney disease.

Background: Pleural effusions of diverse aetiologies are encountered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objectives of the present study were to examine the frequency of occurrence, causes, clinical features and management strategies of pleural effusion in patients with CKD including renal transplant recipients.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional observational analysis of pleural effusion in adult patients with CKD (stages 3 to 5) attending the Departments of Nephrology and Respiratory Medicine of a tertiary care institution in Eastern India was performed over a period of one year (February 2010 to January 2011).

Adaptive radiotherapy in lung cancer: dosimetric benefits and clinical outcome.

Objective: Anatomical changes during radiotherapy (RT) might introduce discrepancies between planned and delivered doses. This study evaluates the need for adaptive treatment in lung cancer RT.

Methods: 15 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, undergoing radical RT with or without concurrent chemotherapy, consecutively underwent planning CT scans at baseline and after 44-46 Gy.

An uncommon cause of ascites: spontaneous rupture of biliary cystadenoma.

Biliary cystadenomas are cystic hepatic tumours of biliary origin. Cystadenomas are often slow-growing benign tumours, but always harbour the risk of malignant transformation. Cystadenomas are often asymptomatic, but may present with abdominal pain and distension.

The association between ANKH promoter polymorphism and chondrocalcinosis is independent of age and osteoarthritis: results of a case-control study.

Introduction: Chondrocalcinosis (CC) most commonly results from calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition (CPPD). The objective of this study is to examine the association between candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and radiographic CC.

Methods: SNPs in ankylosis human (ANKH), high ferritin (HFE), tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), ecto-neucleotide pyrophosphatase 1 (ENPP1), and transferrin (TE) genes were genotyped in participants of the Genetics of Osteoarthritis and Lifestyle (GOAL) and Nottingham Osteoarthritis Case-Control studies.

Revision of dysfunctional filtering bleb by conjunctival advancement with bleb preservation: A simple choice for massive choroidals with hypotony following trabeculectomy.

A 65-year-old diabetic and hypertensive male presented with a sudden diminution of vision after sustaining a trivial fingernail injury to his only good-seeing (right) eye. The patient underwent phacotrabeculectomy with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation 22 years previously. In his right eye visual acuity at presentation was counting fingers at 1.

Spinigerin induces apoptotic like cell death in a caspase independent manner in Leishmania donovani.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are multifunctional components of the innate immune system. Chemotherapeutic agents used for treatment of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) are now threatened due to the emergence of acquired drug resistance and toxicity. AMPs are attractive alternative to conventional pharmaceuticals.

Incidental radiation to axilla in early breast cancer treated with intensity modulated tangents and comparison with conventional and 3D conformal tangents.

Purpose: To analyze incidental radiation doses to minimally dissected axilla with Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and standard tangents (ST).

Methods & Materials: We prospectively evaluated incidental radiation to axilla in fifty cases of early breast cancer treated with breast conservation surgery with sentinel node biopsy alone followed by whole breast irradiation with IMRT. Three plans were devised for each CT dataset, comprising ST, 3DCRT and IMRT tangents.

Mechanisms of the placebo response in pain in osteoarthritis.

Introduction: Administration of a placebo associates with symptomatic improvement in many conditions--the so-called placebo response. In this review we explain the concept of placebo response, examine the data that supports existence in osteoarthritis (OA), and discuss its possible mechanisms and determinants.

Methods: A Pubmed literature search was carried out.

Investigation on Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infection influencing host haematological factors in tribal dominant and malaria endemic population of Jharkhand.

The study was undertaken to elucidate the association of host haematological and biochemical indices in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in order to explore whether these parameters are unique to disease or act as a potential diagnostic marker. Haematological and biochemical parameters in 106 malarial patients and 33 healthy subjects were evaluated. Following parameters were significantly lower in all infection types (P.

Plasma cell gingivitis associated with inflammatory chelitis: a report on a rare case.

Background: Plasma cell gingivitis (PGC) is a rare disease of gingival tissues which is difficult to treat. It has a higher rate of reoccurrence and needs a detailed and careful analysis of etiology. Further, its association with chelitis is rare, only few cases have been reported and the condition with this presentation poses a diagnostic dilemma.

Discrete modeling of dynamics of zooplankton community at the different stages of an antropogeneous eutrophication.

Mathematical modeling is a convenient way for characterization of complex ecosystems. This approach was applied to study the dynamics of zooplankton in Lake Sevan (Armenia) at different stages of anthropogenic eutrophication with the use of a novel method called discrete modeling of dynamical systems with feedback (DMDS). Simulation demonstrated that the application of this method helps in characterization of inter- and intra-component relationships in a natural ecosystem.

Association between low cortical bone mineral density, soft-tissue calcification, vascular calcification and chondrocalcinosis: a case-control study.

Objectives: To examine the association between bone mineral density (BMD), soft-tissue calcification, vascular calcification and chondrocalcinosis (CC).

Methods: A case-control study within the Genetics of Osteoarthritis and Lifestyle (GOAL) database (n=3170). All GOAL participants completed a questionnaire self-reporting current and early adult life exposures.

Interaction of calcium sulfate with xanthan gum: effect on in vitro bioadhesion and drug release behavior from xanthan gum based buccal discs of buspirone.

Bioadhesive polymers in buccal drug delivery systems play an important role in delivery of therapeutic drug molecules for local and systemic action. Xanthan gum, a GRAS listed natural polymer was used to design buccal discs of buspirone hydrochloride by direct compression method. Effect of calcium sulfate on bioadhesive and drug release behavior of xanthan gum buccal discs was studied.

Frame-based radiosurgery: Is it relevant in the era of IGRT?

Purpose: To assess the setup errors and intrafraction motion in patients treated with frame-based and frameless stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS).

Materials And Methods: Ten patients treated with frame-based and six patients treated with frameless radiosurgery were prospectively enrolled in the study. Leksell frame was used for frame-based and a customized uniframe orfit cast for frameless techniques.

Lemierre syndrome from a neck abscess due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Lemierre syndrome is characterized by acute septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) that develops after an oropharyngeal infection, and can be complicated by septic emboli to lungs and other organs. The most frequent causative agent is Fusobacterium necrophorum, an anaerobic bacillus found in normal oropharyngeal flora. Staphylococcus aureus has emerged as a cause of Lemierre syndrome in the last decade.

Vascular complication in live related renal transplant: An experience of 1945 cases.

Introduction And Objective: Among the surgical complications in renal transplantation, the vascular complications are probably most dreaded, dramatic, and likely to cause sudden loss of renal allograft. We present our experience and analysis of the outcome of such complications in a series of 1945 live related renal transplants.

Materials And Methods: One thousand nine hundred and forty five consecutive live related renal transplants were evaluated retrospectively for vascular complications.

Risk of rheumatoid arthritis development in patients with unclassified arthritis according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria for rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: Early recognition and treatment of RA is associated with an improved outcome. The 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria for RA identify RA patients earlier than the 1987 ACR criteria. Nevertheless, we recently observed that 24% of the 2010 unclassified arthritis (UA) patients develop RA during follow-up.

Expression and lytic efficacy assessment of the Staphylococcus aureus phage SA4 lysin gene.

Treatment of bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is becoming very difficult due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Hence, the search for novel therapeutic alternatives has become of great importance.