Association of patient- and hospital-level predictors with patterns of initial treatment in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: findings from a national cohort study.

Objectives: To update the first-line conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) prescribing pattern, describe change and variation across demographical and geographical factors in the Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) population, and identify individual and hospital factors associated with it.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included newly diagnosed RA adult patients from 1 May 2018-1 April 2023 in the UK. We used adjusted multinomial logistic regression with random effect to explore associations with different first-line csDMRAD prescription and to account for hospital-level clustering.

Recent developments in microfluidic passive separation to enable purification of platelets for transfusion.

Platelet transfusion is a lifesaving therapy intended to prevent and treat bleeding. However, in addition to platelets, a typical unit also contains a large volume of supernatant that accumulates multiple pro-inflammatory contaminants, including residual leukocytes, microaggregates, microparticles, antibodies, and cytokines. Infusion of this supernatant is responsible for virtually all adverse reactions to platelet transfusions.

Cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with or without colchicine for flare prophylaxis: a retrospective new-user cohort study using linked primary care, hospitalisation, and mortality data.

Background: Initiating urate-lowering therapy can trigger gout flares. Gout flares have been associated with a temporally increased risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with gout initiating urate-lowering therapy with flare prophylaxis using colchicine (the drug recommended for gout flare prohphylaxis by many international societies) compared with no prophylaxis.

Development and internal-external cross-validation of a patient-reported definition for acute calcium pyrophosphate crystal arthritis.

Objective: To develop and validate a patient-reported definition of acute calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystal arthritis in people with crystal-proven CPP deposition (CPPD) disease.

Methods: Consecutive patients with crystal-proven CPPD disease from seven centres across four countries were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. In each centre, patient-reported outcomes on the features of acute CPP crystal arthritis were collected.

Two new species and a new record of Bactrocera Macquart (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) from India with an updated key to species of subgenus Bactrocera.

Two new species of genus Bactrocera Macquart, namely Bactrocera (Bactrocera) ettinanhuja Abhishek and David, sp. nov. and Bactrocera (Bactrocera) kyrdemkulai Abhishek & David, sp.

New species and new records of fruit flies of tribe Acanthonevrini (Diptera: Tephritidae: Phytalmiinae) from India.

Two new species of Phytalmiinae belonging to the tribe Acanthonevrini are described from India, namely Ptilona confracta David & Hancock, sp. nov. from Arunachal Pradesh and Tritaeniopteron obscurum David, Salini & Nikhil, sp.

New Indian species of Dacus Fabricius (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Dacini) similar to Dacus crabroniformis (Bezzi), endemic to the Western Ghats and Northeastern Himalayas.

Two new species of Dacus Fabricius, namely D. (Mellesis) nagarathnae Abhishek, David & Hancock, sp. nov.

Exploring genetic diversity of potential legume, Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi and Ohashi through agro-morphological traits and SSR markers analysis.

Adzuki bean, an underutilized grain legume, has a significant potential for enhancing food and nutritional security. The main obstacles to developing new cultivars and promoting the adzuki bean as a mainstream pulse crop are a lack of awareness about its potential and insufficient information on crop its genetic diversity. Here, we aimed to explore the untapped potential of adzuki bean germplasm by evaluating its agro-morphological traits and diversity at the molecular level and also to identify trait-specific germplasm by utilizing 100 adzuki bean accessions conserved in the Indian National Genebank.

Effect of Therapeutic Pars Plana Vitrectomy on Total Immunosuppression Load in Patients with Non-Infectious Uveitis.

Purpose: The anti-inflammatory effect of therapeutic pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in the management of posterior segment uveitis is incompletely quantified. In this study, we evaluated the change in total immunosuppression load (TIL) following PPV for the eyes of patients with non-infectious uveitis.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients with non-infectious posterior segment uveitis on continuous anti-inflammatory therapy (systemic corticosteroids ± immunomodulatory therapy [IMT]) ±3 months, who received therapeutic PPV for non-resolving inflammation.

CaloQVAE: Simulating high-energy particle-calorimeter interactions using hybrid quantum-classical generative models.

The Large Hadron Collider's high luminosity era presents major computational challenges in the analysis of collision events. Large amounts of Monte Carlo (MC) simulation will be required to constrain the statistical uncertainties of the simulated datasets below these of the experimental data. Modelling of high-energy particles propagating through the calorimeter section of the detector is the most computationally intensive MC simulation task.

Perspectives and lived experiences of survivors and caregivers of COVID-19 patients in a teaching hospital in a tribal district of Chhattisgarh, India.

Background: The rural-urban healthcare disparity in India was exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the second wave hitting rural areas particularly hard due to weak infrastructure. A study in Chhattisgarh aims to explore the experiences of severely ill COVID-19 survivors and caregivers to inform patient-centric care delivery in primary settings.

Methods: In this qualitative study, we conducted in-depth interviews with seven patients and seven caregivers during home visits or telephonically to understand lived experiences of receiving care for COVID-19 in an ICU in the public health system.

Light-Induced Reactivity of Nucleophilic Siloxycarbene with Heterocumulenes: Synthesis of α-Ketoamides, Hydantoins, Oxoacetamidines, and Amides.

We report the reactivity of in situ-generated nucleophilic siloxycarbenes from acylsilanes via the 1,2-Brook rearrangement in the presence of visible light with heterocumulenes. This method significantly advances from the conventional use of electrophilic carbenes stabilized by metal catalysts and harsh reaction conditions. The reactivity was explored with isocyanates, carbodiimides, and -sulfinylamines to synthesize α-ketoamides, hydantoins, oxoacetamidines, and amides.

Incidence of Side Effects Associated With Acetaminophen in People Aged 65 Years or More: A Prospective Cohort Study Using Data From the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.

Objective: The main objective of this study is to examine the safety of oral acetaminophen at its therapeutic dose in adults aged ≥65 years.

Methods: This population-based cohort study used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink-Gold data. Participants were aged ≥65 years registered with a UK general practice for at least 12 months between 1998 and 2018.

Regulation of mA (N-Methyladenosine) methylation modifiers in solid cancers.

Solid cancers constitute a tremendous burden on global healthcare, requiring a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer development and progression. Epigenetic changes, notably N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA methylation, have emerged as important contributors to the biology of solid tumors in recent years. This epigenetic mark dynamically affects gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and modulates a variety of cellular processes, making it a focus of research in the context of solid tumors.

Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin Induction Strategy in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Insights From a Single-Center Experience in North India.

Background Rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) is frequently utilized as an induction therapy in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Full-dose rATG induction therapy (7-10 mg/kg) has been associated with increased morbidity. However, definitive data on the appropriate rATG dosage remains scarce.

Dietary Interventions and Supplements for Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Recommendations.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts children's neurological development, behaviour, and overall well-being, affecting academic performance and social interactions. This systematic review investigates the effectiveness of dietary interventions (DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet, Vitamin D3 supplementation, magnesium, and impact of artificial food colors and marine oils) and supplements alongside standard pharmacotherapy in managing ADHD symptoms. Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, we extensively searched various databases for studies published from 2016 to 2022.

Comparative Analysis of Bariatric Surgery and Non-surgical Therapies: Impact on Obesity-Related Comorbidities.

Obesity is associated with a broad spectrum of comorbidities, including metabolic dysregulation, cardiovascular complications, and socioeconomic impacts. Traditional lifestyle interventions often yield transient results in weight management, while bariatric surgery offers a promising alternative. This systematic review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines and focused on randomized controlled trials comparing bariatric surgery (e.