A New Source of Opioid and Lead Toxicity on the Block-Kamini: An Emerging Health Hazard-A Case Series.

Introduction: Illicit drug abuse with opioids can inadvertently lead to refractory anemia and lead poisoning. The absence of adequate regulations for Ayurvedic herbal products has led to the adulteration of opioid-containing drugs with lead. As a result, lead toxicity has become a concern within this seldom-addressed population of opioid users.

Clozapine-induced acute akathisia: A case report.

Existing data suggest that clozapine has lesser propensity of developing akathisia as compared to first general antipsychotics. Clozapine is mostly used in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia, which is a second-generation antipsychotic. Akathisia is one of the rare side effects of clozapine.

Sodium Valproate-Induced Hyperammonemia: A Case Series in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Sodium valproate (VPA) is an extensively used anti-convulsant, which is an effective drug for treatment of epilepsy in adults and children, as well as for conditions like migraine, bipolar disorder, mania, and trigeminal neuralgia. Sedation, vertigo, ataxia, dose-dependent tremors, headaches, and gastrointestinal side effects are the most often reported adverse effects associated with VPA. A potential life-threatening event reported with VPA is hyperammonemia (HA), which is defined as an increase in serum level of ammonia.

Bombay Begums-A treasure for social guidance films on determinants of women's mental health.

A woman's health should reach beyond the narrow perspective of maternal and reproductive health and should encompass physical as well as mental health across the life cycle. The focus should be shifted to a broader, social, legal, and economic factors rather than just immersing on lifestyle and individual factors. Recognition of mental health issues among women, education, training, and interventions at various levels would contribute to the improvement of mental health issues among women.

Evaluation of Improvement in Chronic Rhinosinusitis After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Using Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT22) Symptom Score.

Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) symptom score is the most widely used questionnaire due to its easy interpretation with respect to quality of life (QOL) in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). It helps in deciding further treatment plan in patients with refractory CRS despite maximal medical therapy (MMT). Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is suggested in patients not responding to medical treatment.

The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 and Vitamin D in Osteoarthritis: A Hospital-Based Observational Study.

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, and joint space narrowing. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are potential biomarkers for osteoarthritis. Aims and objective The study's aim is the estimation of serum and synovial fluid matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 13 and serum vitamin D levels in the grade 3 and grade 4 stages of osteoarthritis according to the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) system of classification.

Selenium Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress via MAPK and Nrf2 Pathways in Mice.

Overdose of acetaminophen (paracetamol), a widely used non-prescriptive analgesic and antipyretic medication, is one of the main causes of drug-induced acute liver failure around the world. Oxidative stress contributes to this hepatotoxicity. Antioxidants are known to protect the liver from oxidative stress.

High Protein Yangyu jiaotuan (): In Vitro Oral-Gastro-Small Intestinal Starch Digestion and Some Physico-Chemical, Textural, Microstructural, and Rheological Properties.

Biomimetic foods are expected to have potential health benefits for the management and prevention of chronic diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In the current research, two commercially available and affordable plant proteins (soy protein isolate-SPI and pea protein isolate-PPI) at two levels (5%, 10%) were added to the Yangyu jiaotuan with the objective of developing a product with reduced glycaemic properties and high protein content while maintaining its original taste and texture. The results showed that several important textural properties such as hardness and chewiness did not change significantly during the refrigerated storage.

Phase II Trial on the Feasibility of Single-Dose Intraoperative Intraperitoneal Carboplatin in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Following Optimal Cytoreductive Surgery.

To evaluate the feasibility administering single-dose intraoperative intraperitoneal carboplatin (IP) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) after optimal primary or interval debulking surgery. A phase II non-randomized prospective study conducted at a regional cancer institute from January 2015 to December 2019. The advanced high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer FIGO stage IIIB-IVA was included.

Sociodemographic and geographic inequalities in diagnosis and treatment of older adults' chronic conditions in India: a nationally representative population-based study.

Context: Expeditious diagnosis and treatment of chronic conditions are critical to control the burden of non-communicable disease in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate sociodemographic and geographic inequalities in diagnosis and treatment of chronic conditions among adults aged 45 + in India.

Methods: We used 2017-18 nationally representative data to estimate prevalence of chronic conditions (hypertension, diabetes, lung disease, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, cholesterol, and neurological) reported as diagnosed and percentages of diagnosed conditions that were untreated by sociodemographic characteristics and state.

Outcome of Treatment in Verrucous Carcinoma of Oral Cavity: A Tertiary Rural Hospital Experience.

Verrucous carcinoma of oral cavity is a highly well differentiated variant of squamous cell carcinoma with a low potential for invasion and metastasis. It is prevalent in the tobacco quid chewing population in our region. In this observational study, we reviewed the medical case records of 58 patients treated for oral verrucous carcinoma staged T2 to T4a.

Extensive Cholesteatomas: Presentation, Complications and Management Strategy.

To document the clinical presentation, complications, management strategy and post-operative outcomes of extensive cholesteatomas. Cholesteatoma is a well demarcated cystic lesion derived from an abnormal growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the temporal bone. Cholesteatomas commonly involve the middle ear, epitympanum, mastoid antrum and air cells and can remain within these confines for a considerable period.

Labyrinthine Fistula-Our Experience at a Tertiary Hospital.

This study has aimed to determine the anatomical site of labyrinthine fistula in patients of chronic suppurative otitis media at our centre. Labyrinthine fistulae (LF) are caused by abnormal communications between the inner ear and surrounding structures resulting in perilymph leakage and hearing loss. Labyrinthine fistula represents as erosive loss of the enchondral bone overlying the semicircular canals without loss of perilymph.

Effects of hydrothermal treatment and low-temperature storage of whole wheat grains on in vitro starch hydrolysis and flour properties.

This study evaluated the effect of hydrothermal treatment of whole wheat grains at 100 °C followed by cold-storage (4 °C/ 7 days) on the resulting grains, flakes, and flour characteristics. The extent of starch hydrolysis after oral-gastro-small intestinal digestion in vitro was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in intact grains, flakes, and flours from the cold-stored grains, 35.

Molecular and Physiological Perspectives of Abscisic Acid Mediated Drought Adjustment Strategies.

Drought is the most prevalent unfavorable condition that impairs plant growth and development by altering morphological, physiological, and biochemical functions, thereby impeding plant biomass production. To survive the adverse effects, water limiting condition triggers a sophisticated adjustment mechanism orchestrated mainly by hormones that directly protect plants via the stimulation of several signaling cascades. Predominantly, water deficit signals cause the increase in the level of endogenous ABA, which elicits signaling pathways involving transcription factors that enhance resistance mechanisms to combat drought-stimulated damage in plants.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in North-Western India: A Retrospective Study Focusing on Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Survival.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumour with unpredictable outcome. It is fourth most common cause of cancers in India. However, information on HCC is inadequate in India.

Association of blood lead level with neurobehavior and neurotransmitter expressions in Indian children.

Present study aimed to assess the alterations in neurotransmitter expression and its association with Blood Lead Level (BLL) and neurobehavioral pattern in children. 72 school going children were recruited. Blood lead levels were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.

Role of interleukin-2 and interleukin-18 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: The study aimed to compare the levels of anti-inflammatory interleukin-2 (IL-2) and proinflammatory interleukin-18 (IL-18) among newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nondiabetic volunteers, to predict their roles as markers in the diagnosis of newly diagnosed T2DM.

Methods: In the study, 60 subjects were enrolled (30 T2DM cases and 30 non-diabetic controls). Biochemical parameters such as fasting plasma glucose (FBS), glycated haemoglobin (HbA), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipid profile were estimated in auto-analyser.

Evaluation of audible leak pressure volume loop closure for polyvinyl chloride cuff and polyurethane microcuff in endotracheal tube inflated with air: a prospective randomized study.

Cuff pressure of endotracheal tube (ETT) must be high enough to seal the trachea, and must be low enough to allow adequate perfusion of tracheal mucosa. Compared with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cuffed tubes, polyurethane cuffed tubes protect more efficiently. Different methods of ETT cuff pressure maintenance in practice have been reported.

Evaluation of mechanisms of action of re-purposed drugs for treatment of COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global health emergency caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The rapid worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection has necessitated a global effort to identify effective therapeutic strategies in the absence of vaccine. Among the re-purposed drugs being tested currently, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), without or with zinc ion (Zn) and the antibiotic azithromycin (AZM), has been administered to prevent or treat patients with COVID-19.

Increased expression of serum IL-18 and IL-18R in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder in which genetic, sedentary lifestyle, obesity, and environmental factors come together to produce insulin resistance in target tissues, leading to hyperglycemia. Evidence reveals that inflammation may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Interleukin-18 (IL-18), a proinflammatory cytokine, plays a crucial role in the acute and chronic inflammatory process.