Benefits of dexmedetomidine during noninvasive mechanical ventilation in major abdominal surgery patients with postoperative respiratory failure.

Objective: The efficacy of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) on the postoperative ARF is conflicting and the failure rate of NIMV in this patient population is high. In our study, we hypothesized that the use of dexmedetomidine during NIMV in major abdominal surgical patients can reduce NIMV failure without significant side affect.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent major abdominal surgery, admitted to our general surgery intensive care unit (ICU), developed postoperative ARF, received NIMV (with oro-nasal mask) and dexmedetomidine infusion were enrolled in this study.

Harnessing Bacterial Extracellular Vesicle Immune Effects for Cancer Therapy.

There are a growing number of studies linking the composition of the human microbiome to disease states and treatment responses, especially in the context of cancer. This has raised significant interest in developing microbes and microbial products as cancer immunotherapeutics that mimic or recapitulate the beneficial effects of host-microbe interactions. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are nano-sized, membrane-bound particles secreted by essentially all bacteria species and contain a diverse bioactive cargo of the producing cell.

Mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of large vessel occlusion due to cancer-related cerebral embolism: A systematic review.

Background: Cancer-related cerebral embolism due to direct tumor embolization results in a rare acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion (LVO). Despite the established status of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in LVO management, its effectiveness and safety remains inadequately explored in this specific patient group.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using the Nested Knowledge AutoLit software, encompassing databases like Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from their inception up to 9 May 2023.

Correlates of Smoking, Work Stress, and Mindful Awareness among Private Hospital Workers in Istanbul.

The recent increase in workload and stress experienced by healthcare workers (HCW) is a significant global concern. Mindfulness enables one to be aware of emotions, thoughts, and present moment experiences. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the correlates between smoking, occupational stress, and mindful awareness levels, among HCWs within the private healthcare sector.

Comparison of tacrolimus vs. cyclosporine in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia.

Objectives: Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT, and effective prevention of GvHD is critical for the success of the HSCT procedure. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) have been used for decades as the backbone of GvHD prophylaxis. In this study, the efficacy and safety of Cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus (TCR) were compared in pediatric HSCT for thalassemia.

Discoidin domain receptor 1 as a promising biomarker for high-grade gliomas.

Background: Two fundamental challenges in the current therapeutic approach for central nervous system tumors are the tumor heterogeneity and the absence of specific treatments and biomarkers that selectively target the tumor tissue. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential relationship between discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) expression and the prognosis and characteristics of glioma patients.

Materials And Methods: Tissue and serum samples from 34 brain tumor patients were evaluated for DDR1 messenger ribonucleic acid levels in comparison to 10 samples from the control group, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis has performed.

Role Of Il-6 In The Adjustment Of The Medical Treatment Of Patients With Covid-19 Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Background: Many cytokines propose to play a role in the pathogenesis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) associated COVID-19 disease. High interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are associated with mortality and other poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the correlation of IL-6 level with clinical and other inflammatory parameters, its role in treatment change and its relationship with mortality in COVID-19 patients developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were investigated.

Is every microorganism detected in the intensive care unit a nosocomial infection? Isn't prevention more important than detection?

The present letter to the editor is related to the study entitled "Multidrug-resistant organisms in intensive care units and logistic analysis of risk factors." Not every microorganism grown in samples taken from critically ill patients can be considered as an infectious agent. Accurate and adequate information about nosocomial infections is essential in introducing effective prevention programs in hospitals.

A Glance Into Healthcare Delivery During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Among Turkish Medical Doctors.

The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had an enormous impact on healthcare delivery globally. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey in Turkey to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare services in Turkey. A 35-item anonymized online survey was completed by HCPs (medical doctors, MD) who continued their clinical practice during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey, regardless of their specialties or degrees.

Bibliometric analysis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) studies published between 1980 and 2020.

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), an acute respiratory failure caused by noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, was first defined by Ashbaugh et al. in 1967. The number of publications increased enormously after the Berlin definition of ARDS was first described in 2012.

Acute Exacerbation of Rheumatoid Arthritis Misdiagnosed as COVID-19: A Case Report.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory connective tissue disease that affects 1-2% of the population worldwide. Pulmonary manifestations including interstitial lung disease (ILD), airway disease, pleural and vascular disease can be seen in up to 30-40% of patients with RA, which are recognized as the second most frequent cause of death in RA patients. The simultaneous occurrence of COVID-19 in RA patients with or without ILD, and the similarities and differences between RA-related ILD and COVID-19 lung findings have been reported in the literature.

Current situation in ARDS in the light of recent studies: Classification, epidemiology and pharmacotherapeutics.

In the last 50 years, there have been great research and developments in the definition and pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the most progressive form of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Although there are various discussions and recommendations, the definition of ARDS is still based on the Berlin 2012 diagnostic criteria. Despite various studies in recent years, there is still no effective pharmacotherapeutic agent for the treatment of ARDS.

Impact of corona-phobia on attitudes and acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccine among cancer patients: a single-center study.

This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 phobia and related factors on attitude towards COVID-19 vaccine in cancer patients. A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 300 adult patients using a validated COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) and related survey to determine the factors affecting vaccine acceptance between May-June 2021. Regarding the COVID-19 vaccine willingness, 86.

Role of serological rapid antibody test in the management of possible COVID-19 cases.

Background: Although the detection of viral particles by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard diagnostic test for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the false-negative results constitute a big challenge.

Aim: To examine a group of patients diagnosed and treated as possible COVID-19 pneumonia whose multiple nasopharyngeal swab samples were negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by RT-PCR but then serological immunoglobulin M/immunoglobulin G (IgM/IgG) antibody against SARS-CoV-2 were detected by rapid antibody test.

Methods: Eighty possible COVID-19 patients who had at least two negative consecutive COVID-19 RT-PCR test and were subjected to serological rapid antibody test were evaluated in this study.

The role of endotheliitis in COVID-19: Real-world experience of 11 190 patients and literature review for a pathophysiological map to clinical categorisation.

Objective: COVID-19 may yield a variety of clinical pictures, differing from pneumonitis to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome along with vascular damage in the lung tissue, named endotheliitis. To date, no specific treatment strategy was approved for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 in terms of endotheliitis-related comorbidities. Here, we presented our treatment strategies for 11 190 COVID-19 patients depending on categorisation by the severity of both the respiratory and vascular distress and presented the manifestations of endotheliitis in skin, lung and brain tissues according to the different phases of COVID-19.

Leprosy suspect presenting at a chest clinic.

Leprosy is an ancient ailment, also known as Hansen's disease. It primarily involves the superficial peripheral nerves, skin, upper respiratory tract mucosa, eyes, bones and testicles, but not the lungs. Although leprosy patients are not included in the study area of pulmonology, here we present an undiagnosed leprosy patient with a history of smoking, who was referred owing to upper respiratory tract symptoms and bilateral pleural effusions.

The Relationship between COVID-19 Severity and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)/ exposure history in healthcare workers: a multi-center study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought countries' health services into sharp focus. It was drawn to our group's attention that healthcare workers (HCWs) had a lower mortality rate against higher COVID-19 incidence compared to the general population in Turkey. Since risk of exposure to tuberculosis bacillus among healthcare workers are higher than the population, we aimed to investigate if there is a relationship between BCG and exposure history with COVID-19 severity in infected HCWs.

Modeling Schizophrenia with Glioblastoma Cells: In Vitro Analysis of Risperidone Treatment on Glial Spheroids.

Objective: Glioblastoma is the most malicious type of glioma presenting a genetic background via diverse mutations and exhibits differential sensitivity to treatment. Meanwhile, schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disease with a complex etiology. Studies report an elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with schizophrenia and changes in biochemical metabolism.

Differential Diagnosis of Negative Pressure Pulmonary Edema During COVID-19 Pandemic.

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a form of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema that typically occurs in response to an upper airway obstruction, where patients generate high negative intrathoracic pressures, leading to a pulmonary edema especially in the postoperative period. Here, we report a case of NPPE following general anesthesia that can easily be misdiagnosed as COVID-19 both radiologically and clinically during this pandemic. Twenty-year-old male was presented with sudden onset respiratory distress, tachypnea, and cyanosis just after the rhinoplasty surgery under general anesthesia.

Awareness and perceptions related to COVID-19 among cancer patients: A survey in oncology department.

Introduction: Today, COVID-19 pandemic is still the most critical problem in the global health agenda. Since the awareness of the public in general and particularly awareness of those with comorbidities, such as cancer, determine the rate of mortality, the primary goal of this study was to assess the knowledge, perceptions and attitude of the patients with cancer towards the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary objective of this study was also to measure the effect of COVID-19 on cancer patients' ongoing treatments.