In vitro fecal microbiota modulation properties of pectin and xyloglucan from hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) skin, an industrial byproduct, and their incorporation into biscuit formula.

The aim of this study was to extract water-soluble dietary fibers (WSDF), pectin (PEC), and xyloglucan (XG) from hazelnut skin and to determine their impacts on colonic microbiota and metabolic function. WSDF, PEC, and XG were extracted by water, acid, and alkali treatments, respectively. Monosaccharide analysis revealed WSDF and PEC were dominated by uronic acids, while the XG was found to contain xyloglucan- and pectin-associated sugars.

The branching ratio of enzymatically synthesized α-glucans impacts microbiome and metabolic outcomes of in vitro fecal fermentation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impacts of enzymatically synthesized α-glucans possessing α-1,4- and α-1,6-glucose linkages, and varying in branching ratio, on colonic microbiota composition and metabolic function. Four different α-glucans varying in branching ratio were synthesized by amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea and glycogen branching enzyme from Rhodothermus obamensis. The branching ratios were found to range from 0 % to 2.