Assessing adolescent gynecomastia: The role of shear wave ultrasound elastography.

Objectives: Pubertal gynecomastia (PG) is defined as benign proliferation of male breast tissue. Ultrasonography is frequently used for follow-up of symptomatic gynecomastia. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of breast disorders.

Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness measurements in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Background: Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a systemic disease more than a disease localized to the eye, and there may be vascular involvement in its pathogenesis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) of patients with CSC, to compare it with that of healthy individuals, and to explore whether there might be an association between CSC and subclinical carotid atherosclerotic disease.

Materials And Methods: Adult patients with CSC (n = 30) and healthy individuals (n = 30) were included in this prospective study.

Can Opportunistic Use of Computed Tomography Help Reveal the Association Between Hepatic Steatosis and Disease Severity in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients?

To measure hepatic steatosis (HS) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients using unenhanced chest computed tomography (CT) imaging and to evaluate the relationship between disease severity and prognosis in adult patients.This retrospective study included 152 consecutive hospitalized COVID-19 patients with a positive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. The COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS) and the chest CT score were evaluated.

Usefulness of Picture Archiving and Communication System-Based Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements in Evaluation of Allograft Dysfunction in Patients With Liver Transplantation.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of picture archiving and communication system (PACS)-based quantitative grayscale ultrasonography (US) measurements in detecting allograft dysfunction in posttransplant patients.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 116 patients with liver transplantation who underwent biopsy for allograft evaluation were recruited from the database. All participants had US images prior to procedure.

Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome by low-level laser therapy versus corticosteroid injection: a randomized, prospective clinical study.

To compare the effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) and corticosteroid injection in patients with moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Eighty-seven patients (143 wrists) with moderate CTS were randomized to the corticosteroid or LLLT groups. 40 mg of triamcinolone acetate solution was applied to carpal tunnel of 44 patients (74 wrist).

Radiographic evaluation of reactive osteitis in traumatic injury of sacroiliac joints.

Objectives: After traumatic Sacroiliac (SI) joint injury, follow up radiographic imaging can demonstrate subchondral bone resorption resembling inflammatory sacroiliitis. No studies have described the incidence of marginal SI post-traumatic osteitis, the probable temporal relationship to the initial traumatic injury, or the possible effect of unilateral hardware fixation on the contralateral SI joint.

Methods: A Level 1 trauma center imaging database was queried to identify patients with pelvic bony trauma between 2005 and 2017 with CT baseline preserved SI cortication and unilateral/bilateral traumatic SI diastasis.

Bilateral Epiphora as Only Presenting Sign of Total Paranasal Sinus Aplasia.

A 20-year-old female patient was presented with a bilateral epiphora. She had no history of infection or trauma related to the sinus areas. On examination, her facial appearance was abnormal and fullness on the face was observed.

Evaluation of the Achilles Tendon Using B-Mode Ultrasound and Strain Elastography in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objectives: To investigate the B-mode ultrasound (US) features and elasticity of the Achilles tendon in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using US elastography and to compare them with those of healthy individuals.

Methods: From March 2019 through May 2019, 30 consecutive patients with variable stages of CKD and 30 healthy individuals were prospectively included in this study. Ultrasound and strain elastographic examinations were performed on both Achilles tendons of all individuals.

Evaluation of lymphocytic thyroiditis in children with quantitative gray-scale ultrasound echo intensity using a PACS-based tool.

Purpose: To evaluate diagnostic performance of PACS-based quantitative gray-scale ultrasound as an objective method in evaluation of pediatric thyroiditis.

Methods: Quantitative measurements of the echo-intensity level of the thyroid were obtained from ultrasound images, retrospectively using a PACS-based tool in 37 children with the tissue-proven diagnosis. Thyroid/muscle ratio was calculated by dividing the mean echo intensity of thyroid by that of adjacent strap muscle.

The Role of Real-Time Tissue Elastography and Gray-Scale Ultrasound Histogram Analysis in the Diagnosis of Patients With Sjögren's Syndrome.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate gray-scale histogram analysis of B-mode ultrasound (US) images and US elastographic features of the parotid glands in patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and to explore relationships with the ultrasonographic and disease activity scores in the light of histopathological findings.

Patients And Methods: A total of 57 consecutive female patients (mean age 47.9±10.

Assessment of the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System for Thyroid Nodule Malignancy Risk Stratification in a Pediatric Population.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the diagnostic performance of the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) for malignancy risk in pediatric thyroid nodules.

Materials And Methods: Two radiologists reviewed ultrasound images of 74 tissue-proven thyroid nodules in 62 children. Points were given for individual features and then added to determine the ACR TI-RADS category, ranging from 1 (benign) to 5 (high suspicion).

Atypically presenting kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of the knee: ultrasound findings.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare vascular tumor of early childhood and infancy. Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon, a common complication of KHE, is characterized by life-threatening thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, and consumption coagulopathy. There may be atypical cases that do not present with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon and do have atypical imaging findings.

A Practical Approach to Quantitative Grayscale Ultrasound Analysis of Hepatic Steatosis in Pediatric Patients Using a Picture Archiving and Communication System-Based Tool.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS)-based ultrasound (US) quantification technique for diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in a pediatric population.

Methods: Abdominal US images of 49 pediatric patients (≤18 years) with histopathologically proven diagnoses of hepatic steatosis (n = 17), nonsteatotic liver disease (n = 19), and a normal liver (n = 13) were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, the fibrosis stage, and the steatosis grade were obtained from the database.

Does severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome alter retrobulbar blood flow? A color Doppler ultrasound study.

Purpose: To evaluate extraocular orbital vessels with color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and investigate the effects of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on retrobulbar blood flow.

Methods: Between February 2014 and September 2015, 30 patients with severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 30) and 28 controls were prospectively included in this study. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer, and CDU was used to evaluate the retrobulbar vessels.

Correlation Between Semen Analysis Parameters and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Testicles in Patients With Varicocele: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate using testicle apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in patients with varicocele and compare them with those of healthy individuals, to identify an optimal ADC threshold level to predict abnormal semen analysis using diffusion-weighted imaging.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-one patients with the diagnosis of varicocele and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent testicle diffusion-weighted imaging at b values of 0, 400, and 800 s/mm and semen analysis.

Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features in the pediatric age group.

Background: The most common malignant thyroid neoplasm in children is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). In 2015, the Endocrine Pathology Society introduced the terminology "noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features" (NIFTP) to replace the noninvasive follicular variant of PTC. The objective of the current study was to evaluate previously diagnosed PTC in the pediatric population, reappraise it for NIFTP, and discuss the impact of NIFTP on the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology category in the pediatric population.

Late-onset Hirayama disease presenting with ulnar neuropathy: A case report.

Hirayama disease (HD) was first reported by Hirayama et al. in 1959. The disease is considered as a type of benign focal motor neuron disease that primarily affects upper limbs of young males.

Effects of obesity on retrobulbar flow hemodynamics: color Doppler ultrasound evaluation.

Purpose: To evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) and extraocular orbital vessels with color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and investigate the effects of obesity on retrobulbar blood flow.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into two groups according to body mass index: Group 1 (31 obese patients) and Group 2 (28 non-obese patients).

A practical radiographic visual estimation technique for the prediction of developmental narrowing of cervical spinal canal.

Objectives: To determine if visual spinal canal percentage of facet overlap could be used as a rapid visual pre-screening test to detect developmental bony spinal canal narrowing on lateral cervical radiographs.

Methods: Lateral cervical spine radiographs with radiology report documenting developmental narrowing of the spine canal were retrospectively identified. Cohort was supplemented with additional images without such documentation.

The effect of bariatric surgery on the retrobulbar flow hemodynamic parameters in patients with obesity: color Doppler evaluation.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of weight loss on the retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients who had undergone bariatric surgery for obesity using color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and to evaluate correlations with intraocular pressure (IOP) changes measured using Goldman applanation tonometry.

Methods: Thirty-two patients were included in this prospective study. Body mass index (BMI), IOP measurements, and retrobulbar CDU examination were performed on all individuals 6 months before and after bariatric surgery.

Differentiating Transudative From Exudative Ascites Using Quantitative B-Mode Gray-Scale Ultrasound Histogram.

Objective: The purpose of this article is to differentiate exudative from transudative ascites using B-mode gray-scale ultrasound histogram analysis.

Subjects And Methods: Sixty-two consecutive patients with ascites were prospectively studied from June 2014 through June 2015. All underwent ultrasound (US) and paracentesis in the radiology department.

Evaluation of Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging as a Technique for Detecting Bone Marrow Edema in Patients with Osteitis Pubis.

Purpose: Our aims were to determine the feasibility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) in the detection of bone marrow edema (BME) and explore the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) alterations in patients with osteitis pubis (OP).

Materials And Methods: 42 consecutive patients clinically suspected to have athletic pubalgia and 31 control subjects were enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent diagnostic focused magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and DWI at b values of 0 and 600 s/mm.

Ultrasound risk stratification for malignancy using the 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Children with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Background: The 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) Management Guidelines for Children with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer provides selection criteria for nodules prior to ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of pediatric thyroid nodule risk stratification for predicting malignancy when applying the ultrasound (US) criteria recommended.

Materials And Methods: US characteristics of 39 thyroid nodules in 33 pediatric patients who underwent US fine-needle aspiration biopsy were reviewed by two radiologists.

Is the unaffected eye really unaffected? Color Doppler ultrasound findings in unilaterally active central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate ocular hemodynamic changes using color Doppler ultrasonography imaging (CDI) with an emphasis on unaffected eyes of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with active CSC and 25 controls were analyzed using spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and CDI for choroidal imaging and evaluation of retrobulbar vessels, respectively.

Results: Resistive index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the ophthalmic artery (OA) and PSV, end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and mean velocity (Vmean) of the central retinal artery (CRA) in the patient group were less than those in the control group.

CT interpretations in multiply injured patients: comparison of emergency physicians and on-call radiologists.

Objective: In this study, emergency physicians and on-call radiologists were compared regarding identification of fatal injuries on computed tomographic (CT) scans in patients with trauma.

Materials And Methods: Multiply injured patients who were older than 18 years and underwent CT scanning were included in the study. The CT scans were interpreted by the responsible emergency physician.