Assessment of CTLA-4 Gene Expression Levels on CD8+ T Cells in Renal Transplant Patients and Relation with Serum sCTLA-4 Levels.

CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4) is an immune regulator molecule that is expressed on a variety of immune cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. After realizing the significance of this regulator molecule, researchers began to concentrate on its activation or inhibition in cancer. Even though there have been some studies on organ transplantation and autoimmunity, the role of the CTLA-4 molecule in renal transplantation has not been demonstrated.

Boric Acid Affects Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Oxidative Stress in ALL Cells.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a type of acute lymphoblastic leukemia from early T-cell progenitors. Interest grows in creating less toxic agents and therapies for chemo-resistant T-ALL cancer. Recently, elemental boron has special properties useful in the creation of new drugs.

Association between mannose binding lectin gene polymorphisms and clinical severity of COVID-19 in children.

Background: Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a member of innate immunity and acts with MASP (MBL-associated serine protease) to activate the lectin pathway of the complement system. MBL gene polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to infectious diseases. This study investigated whether MBL2 genotype, serum MBL levels, and serum MASP-2 levels affect the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

DNA Sequencing Methods: From Past to Present.

Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a highly effective genetic diagnostic test used in disease diagnosis. Although the Sanger method is used as the traditional method in genome studies, the use of NGS methods has been increasing with the development of technology. The foundation of next-generation sequencing was laid with the methods developed by Allan Maxam-Walter Gilbert and 2 Nobel laureates, Frederick Sanger.

Could presepsin be an alternative marker in the early diagnosis of sepsis in COVID-19?

In critical patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), we investigated the diagnostic value of presepsin in the early diagnosis of superinfection with sepsis, and the effect of antibiotic treatment (AT) in the levels of presepsin and procalcitonin and C-reactive protein. A total of 68 critical patients with sepsis and septic shock in the intensive care unit and 20 outpatients (control group) with COVID-19 were taken. ICU patients ( = 68) were further divided into three groups.

The changes in the expression levels of β-catenin gene in pre- and post- Kidney Transplants.

Purpose: Wnt signaling is an important pathway in kidney development and disease. We aimed to establish the levels of β-catenin expression in CD4 T cells before and after renal transplantation and to associate it with the form of transplant type, rejection, and graft dysfunction.

Methods: CD4 T cells were isolated from patients before and after kidney transplantation and their purity was confirmed by flow cytometer.

Determination of High-Resolution HLA-DQB1 Suballeles and IL-17 Polymorphisms in Turkish Pediatric Patients.

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy in the small intestine caused by gluten intolerance of the patients. The most important genetic disease-related factor is human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ polymorphism. Association between interleukin (IL)-17A expression of CD4 T cells and various autoimmune diseases has been reported.

Human Leucocyte Antigen B50 Is Associated with Conversion to Generalized Myasthenia Gravis in Patients with Pure Ocular Onset.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II alleles and disease characteristics in Turkish patients with myasthenia gravis (MG).

Subjects And Methods: The MHC class I and II alleles of 108 unrelated MG patients were genotyped. The human leucocyte antigen (HLA) distribution of all MG patients and subgroups of MG patients (grouped according to disease characteristics) was compared to that of 250 healthy controls.

Pediatric small bowel transplantation: A single-center experience from Turkey.

Background/aims: Small bowel transplantation (SBTx) is a treatment option for patients with serious parenteral nutrition-related problems in intestinal failure. İzmir Tepecik Training Research Hospital Organ Transplantation Center is still the only pediatric intestinal transplant center in Turkey.

Material And Methods: This study was approved by the local ethics committee.

Single antigen flow beads for identification of human leukocyte antigen antibody specificities in hypersensitized patients with chronic renal failure.

Aims Of This Study: Aims of this study were to identify class I and class II antibodies in highly sensitized patients by flow cytometry single antigen bead (FC-SAB) assay and to evaluate according to donor HLA type in order to increase their kidney transplantation chance.

Material And Methods: We analyzed 60 hypersensitive patients of 351 individuals, who applied to our laboratory for PRA test in November 2013-December 2014. Flow cytometric PRA screening and single antigen bead commercial kits were used for these analyses.

Familial Mediterranean fever gene mutations in north-eastern part of Anatolia with special respect to rare mutations.

We aimed to determine the frequency of mutations, carrier rates and the association of rare mutations with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) symptoms. There is a need to evaluate as many different populations as possible in order to determine either specific rare mutations or a range of disease-associated mutations. The demographic data and FMF symptoms related to MEFV gene mutations were collected from 731 participants.

De novo produced anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies relation to alloimmunity in patients with chronic renal failure.

Aims: Chronic renal failure causes patients to become dialysis dependent, which is exhausting for them both financially and psychologically. However, the definitive treatment of chronic renal failure is transplantation. One of the crucial factors affecting success in transplantation is the presence of anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies in patients.

The association of human leukocyte antigen polymorphisms with disease severity and latency period in patients with silicosis.

Background: Denim sandblasting may cause silicosis as a result of free crystalline silica inhalation. Its pathogenesis remains unclear, but autoimmunity may play a role in the development of silicosis. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and the severity and latency period of silicosis.

Investigation of ErbB-2 overexpression on patients with gastric cancer in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey.

Background/aims: In the present study, the frequency of ErbB-2 overexpression and its relationship with pathologic parameters on patients with gastric cancer in Eastern Anatolia of Turkey was studied.

Materials And Methods: A total of 32 newly diagnosed patients were enrolled in the study. DNA isolation was performed on paraffinized tumor tissues obtained from patients by endoscopy or surgical resection.

HLA B27 subtype distribution among patients with ankylosing spondylitis in eastern Turkey.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) B27 has a strong association with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and other spondyloarthropathies. More than 70 subtypes of HLA B27 have been described. The present study investigated B27 subtype distribution among B27-positive patients with AS classified according to the modified New York criteria and healthy controls.

Role of HLA allele polymorphism in chronic hepatitis B virus infection and HBV vaccine sensitivity in patients from eastern Turkey.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles have been associated with the clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, which range from spontaneous recovery to hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study involving subjects from eastern Turkey, the frequencies of HLA-B35, HLA-CW4, HLA-DQ2, and HLA-DQ8 were markedly higher in the chronic HBV group than those in the spontaneously recovered group; the frequencies of HLA-A11 and HLA-A24 in the nonresponsive HBV vaccine group were markedly higher than those in the responsive HBV vaccine group; and the frequency of HLA-CW6 in the nonresponsive HBV vaccine group was significantly lower than in the responsive group. A complete understanding of HLA types associated with the progression to chronic HBV infection and their effects within the cell at the molecular level will be an important contribution in the development of new HBV vaccines and new treatment strategies for chronic HBV infection.

Genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with familial Mediterranean fever in East Anatolia (Turkey).

Aims: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease. Clinical symptoms and findings (phenotypes) seen in this disease are generally fever, abdominal pain, and arthritis. Amyloidosis is also a significant complication.

The frequency of familial mediterranean Fever related amyloidosis in renal waiting list for transplantation.

Objective: Our goal is to investigate the distribution of MEFV mutations in patients with renal amyloidosis who are in renal transplant waiting list which is prepared for transplantation.

Materials And Methods: FMF was diagnosed in 25 of the 297 patients between the years 2004 and 2008, who were involved in the study (15 male, 10 female; age 34±7.8).

Distribution of HLA Tissue Groups in Patients with Gastric Cancer.

Objective: Gastric cancer is an important disease that is seen all over the world and that threats public health. At the same time, gastric cancer is a heterogeneous disorder with multifactorial etiologies. Recent studies have shown a significant association between HLA antigens and gastric adenocarcinoma.

HLA Antigen Profile Differences in Patients with SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma) In-Situ /Actinic Keratosis and Invasive SCC: Is There a Genetic Succeptibility for Invasive SCC Development?

Objective: Actinic keratoses (AK) are proliferation of neoplastic keratinocytes confined to the epidermis induced by damaging solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). When the neoplastic keratinocytes extend in to papillary-reticular dermis, then the lesion termed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We have compared HLA class I and II antigen profiles in three patient groups namely: AK (n: 31) (patients without past or present invasive SCC), invasive SCC (n: 38), and SCC derived from / inconjuction with AK (n: 11).

The Association of HLA Class I and II Antigens in Teenagers with Caries Experience.

Objective: There have been reports of a relationship between human histocompatibility antigen types and increased incidence of dental caries. The association between specific patterns of HLA genetic inheritance is not clear and not well studied. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between MHC alleles and DMFT index in 65 teenagers.

Assesment of protein gene product (pgp9.5) enzyme activity against potential Peptide substrate.

Objective: PGP9.5 is a human neuron specific ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydolase that has been shown by immunuhistochemistry to be present selectively in ubiquitinated inclusions in chronic human degenerative disease. Paraffin sections known to contain ubiquitinprotein conjugate immunureactivity in neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), cortical Lewy bodies, Rosenthal fibres and in Pick bodies were immunostained with PGP9.

Exposure to bitumen fumes and genotoxic effects on Turkish asphalt workers.

Objective: Bitumen fumes consist essentially of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives, some of which are known to be carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate exposure to asphalt fumes among Turkish asphalt workers and determine whether any effects could be detected with genotoxic tests.

Study Design: The study included 26 asphalt workers and 24 control subjects.

The relationship between genetic variations of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene and coronary artery disease in Turkish subjects.

Objective: Although the relationship between cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and cholesterol metabolism has been characterized in recent years, the effect of CETP genetic variants associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the association between CETP gene polymorphism and levels of lipid in patients with CAD.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a case-control study that included 194 unrelated subjects who underwent coronary angiography for suspected ischemic heart disease.

Analysis of HLA class I and II alleles regarding to lymph node and distant metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relation of HLA alleles in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The incidence of class I and II HLA alleles of 63 patients with NSCLC were prospectively compared with the incidence of class I and II HLA alleles with 88 healthy controls. The number of cases with stage I and II (early stage) was 12 and there were 51 cases with stage III and IV (advanced stage).