Clinical assessment and short-term mortality prediction of older adults with altered mental status using RASS and 4AT tools.

Background: Altered mental status (AMS) in older adults is a common reason for admission to emergency departments (EDs) and usually results from delirium, stupor, or coma. It is important to proficiently identify underlying factors and anticipate clinical outcomes for those patients.

Aim: The primary objective of this study was to reveal and compare the clinical outcomes and etiologic factors of older patients with delirium, stupor, and coma.

Geriatric mortality risk factors in emergency department for non-traumatic abdominal pain.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the factors affecting the mortality of geriatric patients presenting to the emergency department with non-traumatic abdominal pain, as well as the associations of these factors with mortality.

Background: With the increasing number of elderly patients, early recognition of patients with risk-bearing diagnoses is crucial.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 466 patients over 65 years of age who were admitted to THE emergency department of a tertiary hospital and consented to participate.

Improving Risk Stratification of Patients With Chest Pain in the Emergency Department.

Objective: The HEARTS3 score is used to predict acute coronary syndrome by evaluating the findings of chest pain patients at the end of the second hour. Additionally, the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) 2014 non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) management guideline suggests assessing cardiac troponin levels at the third and sixth hours as a class 1A recommendation. This study aimed to explore the value of the HEARTS3 score for the evaluation of patients with chest pain and its utility for determining whether a patient is eligible for early discharge from the emergency department.

Assessment of the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Background: Abnormal neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with lung diseases, thrombosis, increased mucosal secretion in the airways. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible place of the most specific NETosis marker Cit-H3 protein in diagnostic algorithms by revealing its relationship with the severity, mortality and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Patients And Methods: Patients (n = 78) who applied to the Emergency Department between March 11, 2020 and June 10, 2020, with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and lung involvement were included in the prospective study.

ACE2 and ANGII levels in patients with COVID-19 based on thoracic tomography findings and PCR test results.

Introduction: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests and thoracic tomography have been widely employed in the diagnosis of the disease, but doubts about their sensitivity still persist. Also there are controversial results about ACE2 and AngII levels according to the severity of disease. In this study, we aimed to analyze the ACE2 and AngII levels in patients with suspected COVID-19 based on polymerase chain reaction test results and thoracic tomography findings and to examine their relationship with disease severity.

Distribution and cost of Syrian refugees operated on in Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey.

Background: As a result of the Syrian civil war, > 5 million Syrian citizens have fled to neighbouring countries, particularly Turkey, under refugee status.

Aims: To analyse the cost and justification for surgery of Syrian refugees treated in a secondary care hospital in Sanliurfa, Southeastern Turkey, close to the Syrian border.

Methods: We enrolled 1458 Syrian refugees who were operated upon between 2012 and 2015.

Role of plasma angiotensin II and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 levels on prognosis and mortality in hypertensive patients with COVID-19.

SARS-CoV-2 requires angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter the cell. In our study, we aimed to investigate the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin II plasma levels on prognosis and mortality in patients with isolated hypertension, patients with chronic diseases in addition to hypertension and patients with COVID-19 without comorbidities, in accordance with the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor. In the study, patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were divided into three groups.

Vitamin D Poisoning; Hypercalcemia in a Case with Richter Transformation.

In addition to modern medicine, the search for complementary and alternative medicine has been present for malignancy patients in every period. Confusion, polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia, vomiting, and muscle weakness are symptoms of acute poisoning and are related to hypercalcemia. In our case, a 52-year-old male patient applied to the Emergency Department(ED) with abdominal pain and weakness for two days.

Efficacy of Serum Angiotensin II Levels in Prognosis of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Objectives: We aimed to determine serum angiotensin II levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection and to investigate the effect of these levels on the prognosis of the disease.

Design: The study was planned prospectively and observationally.

Setting: The study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital.

Interpretation of the effect of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2 variants on warfarin dosing adjustment in Turkey.

It was aimed to underline the importance and explain the meaning of genetic testing in warfarin dosing and investigate and evaluate the contributions of the CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2 variants in a Turkish population. Two hundred patients were genotyped for CYP2C9 (rs1799853, rs1057910 and rs56165452), VKORC1 (rs9934438, rs8050894, rs9923231, rs7294 and rs2359612) and CYP4F2 (rs2108622), yet, only 127 patients were found suitable for further evaluation in terms of their personal response to warfarin due to long term usage and available INR and dose usage information. The DNA sequences were determined by the ABI PRISM 3100 Genetic Analyzer to 3130xl System (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California).

Bleeding Complications in Warfarin-Treated Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department.

Background: Increased use of warfarin for the treatment and prophylaxis of many diseases has increased the frequency of adverse events. Emergency departments (EDs) are the first places where early interventions for bleeding and other complaints related to warfarin use are performed. This study assessed the characteristics of patients receiving warfarin and the risk factors for bleeding complication among those admitted to the ED.

Role of H-FABP values in determining the etiologic factors of the cardiac injuries.

Introduction: Cardiac injury resulting from blunt thoracic trauma is a frequent clinical occurrence which is difficult to diagnose. Our purpose in this study was to research whether H-FABP, which is a new marker for the diagnosis of cardiac injury, can be used in this patient group.

Methods: 50 patients with blunt thoracic injury who were admitted to our emergency service within a period of 8 months and 50 cases as controls were included in our study.

Heart-type fatty acid binding protein and cardiac troponin I may have a diagnostic value in electrocution: A rat model.

Although cardiac injury is known to be the leading cause of death in electrocution, the differential diagnosis can be challenging in forensic practice since the exact mechanism is poorly understood and there is lack of reliable markers. Thus, death due to electrocution may be classified as a negative autopsy. The serum levels of and myocardial immunostaining loss for cardiac troponins and heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) are highly sensitive and specific biomarkers of ischemic myocardial damage and may have a diagnostic value in determining the myocardial injury or the cause of death due to electrocution.

Beware Postpartum Shortness of Breath.

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is one of the potentially life-threatening complications of pregnancy. We report a case of a 36-year-old female patient who presented with shortness of breath, swelling of feet after giving birth to triplets, and her tests revealed that left ventricle is dilated with its diameter on the borderline and she had EF 35% with advanced systolic dysfunction. Anterior wall and septum were severely hypokinetic.

Low Colonization is Associated with Reduced Bone Mineral Density in Urinary Stone Forming Patients.

Introduction: Lower bone mineral density (BMD) and reduced colonization are common findings in urolithiasis patients. But none of the studies conducted investigated the relationship between decreased bone mineral density and reduced Oxalobacter colonization. Here we evaluated the relation between BMD and colonization in urolithiasis patients.

Does usage of peritonism tests in an emergency department have any benefit?

Aim: To evaluate the usage of inspiration, expiration, cough, and heel drop jarring tests that are applied for determination of peritonism in cases with acute abdominal pain.

Methods: A prospective study based on observation of patients between 16-65 years of age and presented to the Emergency Department within a 3-month period starting from June 2007, was conducted. The patients were asked to rate their pain level between "0" and "10".

Value of the serum I-FABP level for diagnosing acute mesenteric ischemia.

Purpose: This study examined the feasibility of using the serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) level for the early diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia, and investigated whether it contributes to the clinical decision-making process.

Method: Thirty patients diagnosed with acute mesenteric ischemia, 27 patients with other types of acute abdomen who presented with acute abdomen symptoms but were not diagnosed with acute mesenteric ischemia, and 20 healthy people were included in the study. Mesenteric ischemia was confirmed by a pathological evaluation in patients who underwent intestinal resection due to detection of mesenteric ischemia during surgery.

Contrast-induced nephropathy risk due to emergency contrast-enhanced computed tomography.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare serum creatinine, blood urea, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) levels of patients at baseline and 48 h after the administration of radiocontrast agent in the emergency department.

Method: We prospectively enrolled 114 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan and had a baseline creatinine level of 1.5 mg/dl or less.

Machine-related farm injuries in Turkey.

Traumas connected with agricultural production can result in serious injuries and mortality. The objective of the study was to describe the characteristics of agricultural machines related work injury cases admitted to the Emergency Department, and to asses factors related to injury severity and hospital admission in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. All the cases presented related to injuries caused by work with agricultural machines between January 2006-November 2007 were included in the study.

The role of heart-type fatty acid-binding protein in predicting properties of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Introduction: Fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) is an independent predictor of cardiac events. However, the relation between increasing FABP and coronary atherosclerosis is unknown. We have investigated the relation between FABP and angiographic properties of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Occupational injuries admitted to the Emergency Department.

Background: We aimed to identify the characteristics, causes and rates of injuries associated with occupational accidents.

Methods: Patients who presented to the Emergency Department due to injuries occurring as a result of occupational accidents were determined retrospectively. In occupational injuries, several parameters were evaluated, such as gender, occurrence mechanism, injury type, injury localization, severity score of the injury, and the type of profession.

Poisoning severity score, Glasgow coma scale, corrected QT interval in acute organophosphate poisoning.

The aim of this study was to investigate effectiveness of the poisoning severity score (PSS), Glasgow coma scale (GCS), and corrected QT (QTc) interval in predicting outcomes in acute organophosphates (OP) poisoning. Over a period of 2 years, 62 patients with OP poisoning were admitted to emergency department (ED) of Erciyes University Medical School Hospital. The age, sex, cause of contact, compound involved, time elapsed between exposure and admission to the ED, duration of hospital stay, and cardiac manifestations at the time of presentation were recorded.

The effect of rapid blood pressure control on P-wave dispersion in hypertensive urgency.

Introduction: A sharp increase in blood pressure, increase in atrial pressure and atrial strain, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) lead to heterogeneity and instability in atrial conduction. The resulting physiopathological situation may elevate maximum Pwave duration (P(max)) and P-wave dispersion (PWD) in electrocardiography. The objective of our study was to explore the effect of the sudden change in atrial hemodynamics on P(max) and PWD, which may indicate the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) development in hypertensive urgency.

The effect of piracetam on brain damage and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock.

Background: To demonstrate the effect of piracetam on changes in brain tissue and serum nitric oxide levels in dogs submitted to hemorrhagic shock.

Methods: The subjects were randomized into four subgroups each consisting of 10 dogs. Hemorrhagic shock was induced in Group I for 1 hour and no treatment was given to this group.