Extended survival in a case of metastatic choroidal melanoma with immunotherapy.

Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Despite advances in local treatments, approximately 50% of all cases eventually die from metastatic disease. In cases with metastasis, 2- and 5-year survival rates are approximately 10% and <1%, respectively.

Bilateral Corneal Panni Associated with Limbal Inclusion Cysts in the Left Eye in a Patient with Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis.

Purpose: To report a rare case of atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) presenting with bilateral corneal panni associated with limbal inclusion cysts in the left eye.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: A 19-year-old female with AKC presented with bilateral corneal panni and limbal inclusion cysts in the left eye.

Clinical applications of anterior segment swept-source optical coherence tomography: A systematic review.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that provides the opportunity to examine tissues by taking cross-sectional images. OCT is increasingly being used to evaluate anterior segment (AS) pathologies. Swept-source (SS) OCT allows greater penetration and achieves better visualization of the internal configuration of AS tissues due to the longer wavelength employed and high scan speeds.

Factors affecting eye conservation and metastasis in posterior uveal melanomas.

Purpose: To determine the effect of patient and tumor features and different treatments on eye removal (enucleation or exenteration) and metastasis in posterior uveal melanoma (PUM).

Methods: Retrospective analysis. Patient age (≤60 vs >60 years), sex (female vs male), visual acuity (VA, ≤20/40 vs >20/40), largest tumor basal diameter (LTBD), tumor thickness, tumor stage according to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8 edition, ciliary body involvement, distance to optic disc (OD)/fovea (≤3 mm vs >3 mm), OD involvement, and histopathology were evaluated.

Hamartomas of the Retina and Optic Disc.

Hamartomas are local malformation of cells that demonstrate abnormal proliferation in the area where they are normally present. Retinal and optic disc hamartomas include astrocytic hamartoma, congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE), simple congenital hamartoma of the retinal pigment epithelium (CSHRPE), combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE), retinal hemangioblastoma (retinal capillary hemangioma), and retinal cavernous hemangioma. Retinal and optic disc hamartomas can be observed sporadically as well as with systemic associations.

Anterior segment optical coherence tomography in ocular surface tumours and simulating lesions.

This study aims to systematically review the reported literature on the use of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in ocular surface tumours and simulating lesions. A systematic literature search was done using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases between January 2002 and December 2021. On AS-OCT, ocular surface squamous neoplasia typically demonstrate epithelial thickening, epithelial hyperreflectivity, and an abrupt transition between normal and abnormal epithelium.

Bilateral Optic Nerve Head Drusen Complicated by Choroidal Neovascularization Misdiagnosed as Papilledema and Neuroretinitis.

We report a case of bilateral optic nerve head drusen complicated by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in the left eye at presentation. The presence of optic disc and macular edema in addition to exudation led to the misdiagnosis of neuroretinitis at an outside medical center. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and SSOCT angiography were critical in establishing the diagnosis and follow-up in a noninvasive manner.

A rare case of orbital mantle cell lymphoma presenting as a well-demarcated mass on magnetic resonance imaging.

A 71-year-old male presented with painless and slowly progressive proptosis of the right eye. The patient had no history of cancer and was in good health. Orbital magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-demarcated, slightly lobulated intraconal orbital mass hypo-isointense on T1- weighted and isointense on T2-weighted images, demonstrating contrast enhancement in the right orbit.

Pseudoretinoblastoma: Distribution based on gender, age, and laterality.

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of pseudoretinoblastoma (PSRB) cases based on gender, age, and laterality.

Materials And Methods: The clinical records of 607 patients (851 eyes) who were referred for diagnosis of retinoblastoma or simulating conditions between October 1998 and May 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were stratified by age as follows: ≤1 year, >1-3 years, >3-5 years, and >5 years.

Surgical Approach in Intraocular Tumors.

Surgery in intraocular tumors is done for excision/biopsy and the management of complications secondary to the treatment of these tumors. Excision/biopsy of intraocular tumors can be done via fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), transretinal biopsy (TRB), partial lamellar sclerouvectomy (PLSU), and endoresection. FNAB, TRB, and PLSU can be used in tumors that cannot be diagnosed by clinical examination and other ancillary testing methods.

Wide-field Fundus Imaging and Fluorescein Angiography Findings in Various Pseudoretinoblastoma Conditions.

Purpose: To report wide-field fundus imaging and fluorescein angiography findings in conditions mimicking retinoblastoma (pseudoretinoblastoma).

Methods: The clinical and imaging records of 28 patients (36 eyes) imaged with RetCam 3 (Clarity Medical Systems, Inc) wide-field fundus photography and fluorescein angiography who were diagnosed as having various pseudoretinoblastoma disorders between February 2020 and August 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.

Results: Most patients were referred with suspicion of retinoblastoma.

Secondary endoresection for previously treated choroidal melanomas with a non-responsive course and persistent exudative retinal detachment.

Aim: To evaluate the results and complications of secondary endoresection pars plana vitrectomy for choroidal melanoma and review the previously reported endoresection studies on the treatment of choroidal melanoma.

Methods: The medical records of 6 patients with choroidal melanoma who underwent secondary endoresection between March 2012 and March 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The indications for secondary endoresection were progressive or recurrent tumor and severe exudative retinal detachment after previous treatment with plaque radiotherapy/Cyberknife radiosurgery/transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT).

Varicella-zoster virus infection presenting with unilateral keratouveitis and papillitis in an immunocompetent adult.

We report a case of unilateral varicella-zoster virus (VZV) related keratouveitis and papillitis. A 54-year-old male presented with headache, left forehead rash, and decreased vision in the left eye. Examination of the left eye showed visual acuity (VA) of 0.

Demographic and clinical features of conjunctival tumours at a tertiary care centre.

Clinical Relevance: This study investigates the demographic and clinical features of conjunctival tumours.

Background: Conjunctival tumours include a large spectrum of conditions ranging from benign lesions to aggressive, life-threatening malignancies. Knowing the distribution of conjunctival tumours by age and gender is important for reducing cancer morbidity.

Circumscribed choroidal hemangioma: Comparative efficacy of transpupillary thermotherapy, indocyanine green-enhanced transpupillary thermotherapy, and photodynamic therapy and analysis of baseline clinical features effecting treatment outcomes.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT), indocyanine green-enhanced TTT (ICG-TTT), and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the management of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma (CCH) and to investigate the baseline clinical features effecting treatment outcomes METHODS: Retrospective review of clinical records of 60 eyes with CCH which underwent TTT (25), ICG-TTT (22), or PDT (13). Main study outcomes were 1) final visual acuity (VA) ≤20/200, 2) <2 Snellen lines VA increase, 3) persistent subretinal fluid (SRF), and 4) <20% decrease in tumor thickness.

Results: Multivariable factors associated with final VA ≤20/200 included longer duration of symptoms (p = 0.

Presumed Retinal Metastasis from Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.

A 63-year-old Caucasian man with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma undergoing chemotherapy and external radiotherapy was referred for routine eye examination. Although he was asymptomatic, ocular examination revealed a relatively well-circumscribed whitish retinal lesion measuring 0.5 × 0.

Recurrence and new tumor development after frontline intravenous chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: Risk factors and treatment results.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk factors leading to recurrence and new tumor (NT) development in patients with retinoblastoma after intravenous chemotherapy (IVC) and to review the treatment outcomes.

Materials And Methods: The records of 166 retinoblastoma cases (having 246 affected eyes) who underwent six-cycle IVC (vincristine, etoposide, and carboplatin) as primary treatment between October 1999 and August 2020 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The mean ages at presentation were 9.

The Final Diagnosis: Retinoblastoma or Pseudoretinoblastoma.

Purpose: To review the authors' experience in the diagnosis of retinoblastoma and to explore the frequency of intraocular conditions that mimic this malignancy according to patient age at presentation.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study including 549 patients (769 eyes) who were referred for confirmation and/or management of retinoblastoma between October 1998 and June 2019 at a single tertiary center. A detailed ocular examination was done by the same ocular oncologist under general anesthesia for every patient.

Partial lamellar sclerouvectomy surgery for anteriorly located uveal tumour resection: a 20-year experience.

Objectives: To investigate the results of partial lamellar sclerouvectomy (PLSU) for anteriorly located uveal tumours.

Methods: We reviewed the tumour features, histopathologic findings, complications, visual acuity outcomes, eye preservation, metastasis, and mortality data of 56 cases with uveal tumours who underwent PLSU between February 1999 and February 2019.

Results: The mean largest tumour base diameters were 5.

Transretinal biopsy via 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for retinal and choroidal tumors: cytopathological results, surgical complications, and patient outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate the cytopathological results, surgical complications, and patient outcomes after transretinal biopsy (TRB) for diagnosis of retinal/choroidal tumors METHODS: Records of 40 cases who underwent TRB via 23-gauge (23 G) pars plana vitrectomy between March 2011 and March 2020 were reviewed.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Results: Twenty-six (65.

Secondary intra-arterial chemotherapy and/or intravitreal chemotherapy as salvage treatment for retinoblastoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of secondary intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) and/or intravitreal chemotherapy (IVC) as a salvage treatment for retinoblastoma (RB).

Materials And Methods: The medical records of 31 (20 male, 11 female) cases (with 38 eyes) who underwent secondary IAC and/or IVC between February 2010 and June 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Thirteen (41.